Objective To observe the characteristics of electro-neurophysiology in diabetic patients with early peripheral neuropathy. Method The nerve conduction velocity ( NCV ) and quantitative sensory test (QST) were examined in 175 diabetic patients without clinical peripheral neuropathy and in 50 normal subjects, and their results were compared. Results In 175 diabetic patients, the abnormal ratio of NCV was 7% (13/175).While using QST,the abnormal ratio was 45% (79/175). There was significant difference between two methods (P< 0.01). Compared diabetic patients with normal subjects,there was no significant difference between motor conduction velocity and sensory conduction velocity (P > 0.05 ).While using QST, the threshold values of cold sensation, warm sensation, and thermalgesia showed significant difference between diabetic patients and normal subjects (P< 0.01). Conclusion QST is more sensitive than NCV in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which suggests that small nerve fibers are more likely to be damaged than large fibers in early stage.

Based on the constructivism learning theory, we designed a new pharmaceutics of TCM experiment teaching course which focused on process of knowledge formation, including a self-designed experiments on the basis of primary experiment, a cooperative learning platform, and an formative evaluation system. The practice has showed that this new teaching method can arouse the participants' interest and initiative, help to enhance the teaching efficiency and performance.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between galectin-3 (Gal-3) and myocardial fibrosis, and to clarify the role of Gal-3 in ventricular remodeling in rabbits with ischemic cardiac insufficiency.METHODS: A rabbit model of ischemic cardiac insufficiency was established by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.The 20 rabbits were randomly divided into sham operation group and cardiac insufficiency group by random number table method.After 4 weeks of coronary artery ligation, the cardiac function was measured by cardiac echocardiogram.Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of Gal-3, type I collagen and type III collagen at mRNA and protein levels in the myocardium.The serum Gal-3 contents were measured by ELISA.HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the degree of fibrosis development in myocardial tissues after infarction.RESULTS: Compared with sham operation group, the mRNA expression of Gal-3 in cardiac insufficiency group was significantly increased.At the same time, type I collagen, type III collagen and collagen type I/III ratio were also increased significantly.The protein contents of Gal-3, type I collagen and type III collagen were increased significantly.The serum Gal-3 levels were significantly increased.The pathological changes were observed in cardiac insufficiency group as the myocardial cell morphological disorder and marked hyperplasia of fibrous tissue were seen.CONCLUSION: Gal-3 aggravates myocardial fibrosis in rabbits with ischemic cardiac insufficiency, and promotes the ventricular remodeling and the occurrence of heart failure.

Objective To study the targeting survivin small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) to inhibit proliferation and apoptosis survivin gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts ( RASFs) .Methods RA patients were isolated and cultured in vitro synovial fibroblasts ( RASFs) , designed and synthesized siRNA targeting survivin and negative control, by liposome transfection RASFs cell; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot RASFs detect mRNA expression and protein levels of survivin.Tetrazolium blue (MTT) assay of cell proliferation;TUNEL assay apoptosis.Results The experimental group compared with the negative control siRNA group and control group, 48h after transfection of synovial fibroblasts survivin mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased ( P<0.05 ) .The experimental group compared with the negative control siRNA group and control group, synovial fibroblast proliferation after transfection significantly decreased ( P<0.05 ) . After the experimental group transfected 24h, 48h, 72h growth inhibition rates were (11.5 ±2.6)%, (26.2 ±3.4)%, (47.6 ±4.1)%, at 72 hours after transfection most significant.The rate of apoptosis in experimental group (23.87 ±1.6)%, significantly higher than the negative control group (9.72 ± 1.15)% and the control group (8.70 ±1.09)% (all P<0.05).Conclusion siRNA targeting survivin expression levels through reducing survivin, inhibit synovial fibroblast proliferation and promotes apoptosis.

Objective To compare the three kinds of methods for in vitro primary culturing of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast-like cells (RASFs), in order to get fast and effective culture methods. Methods Synovial tissue from RA synovial arthroscopic resection were treated by collagenase digestion method, modified tissue culture method, double enzyme digestion method respectively. By using an inverted phase contrast microscope, cell morphology and growth characteristics were observed and identified with vimentin staining. Trypan blue was used to count the number of living cells after culturing for 14d. Results The three primary methods could successfully isolate and culture RASFs, and RASFs met the morphological characteristics of vimentin-positive cells>95%, namely, the proportion of RASFs cell confluence was 70% after 16-20days by the collagenase digestion method,whose cell confluence proportion reached 95%after 4 weeks;and the cell confluence proportion was above 70%after 10-14days by modified tissue culture method,and the cell confluence proportion reached 85%after 4 weeks by the double enzyme digestion method. The comparison of the viable cells number cultured same number of synovial tissue by the three methods show the viable cells number cultured by the modified tissue culture method were (1.60±0.08) ×106, those by the collagenase digestion method were (1.41±0.08) ×106, those by the double enzyme digestion method were (1.19 ±0.05) ×106, which were with significant difference among them (P<0.05) .The comparison of incubation time of RASFs primary cells showed it took (267.50±16.58) mins by the collagenase digestion method, (183.75 ±11.08) mins by the double enzyme digestion method, and 149.10 ±13.71mins by the modified tissue culture method, with significant differences (P<0.05) .Conclusion Modified tissue culture for RASFs is an efficient and fast culture method, the number and purity of RASFs can meet the requirements for biology experiments.

Objective To investigate the role of cerebrospinal fluie( CSF)cytology on eiagnosis of meningeal cancer. Methods Retrospectively analyzee the clinical eata of 23 cases with meningeal cancer. Results (1)Of 23 patients,CSF eetection of 17 cases were showee with cancer cells at the first lumbar puncture,3 cases at the 2ne lumbar puncture,2 cases at the 3re eetection,ane 1 case at 4th eetection.(2)Of 23 cases with cerebrospinal fluie cytology positive patients,17 cases were carriee cranial MRI scan. The MRI showee that 9 were normal ane 8 cases were brain parenchyma ane meningeal image enhance. Ten cases were performee the enhancee MRI scan,5 cases were with extensive meningeal thickening,3 cases were showee meningeal extensive enhancement of brain surfer ane intracranial cerebral sulci,1 case was the circular shaeow strengthen at eifferent size at next to the eouble lateral parietal,occipital ane left cerebella hemisphere,ans 1 case was with tough brain surface ane abnormally long T1,long T2 signal at lateral ventricles,thire ventricle, fourth ventricle epeneymal.(3)The relationship between the primary tumor ane cancer eetection in cerebrospinal fluie:19 patients were foune with primary tumor lesions,inclueing 5 cases leukemia(3 cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia,2 cases with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia),4 cases with lung cancer,3 cases with breast cancer,2 cases with brain lymphoma,1 case with melanoma,1 case with Hoegkin′s lymphoma,l case with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 1 case with vaginal squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case with gastric carcinoma. Conclusion Multiple cerebrospinal fluie cytology eetection may improve meningeal cancer eetection rate. CSF cytology eetection can improve eiagnosis rate of meningeal cancer. No relationship between the eetection of cancer cells in cerebrospinal fluie ane brain MRI meningeal lesions,ane the further research neee to be eone with expaneing the sample size.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum uric acid and fasting blood glucose ( FBG) in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes in regard to different genders. Methods In 282 patients of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes(208 males and 74 females), detection of serum FBG, uric acid, creatinine, transaminases, blood lipids, etc were determined. FBG<7. 0 mmol/L was found in 118 cases (89 males and 29 females);7. 0 mmol/L≤FBG≤9. 0 mmol/L in 114 cases ( 88 males and 26 females ); FBG>9. 0 mmol/L in 50 cases ( 31 males and 19 females). Results (1)Serum uric acid showed statistically significant difference in regard to sex[Male:(325. 82±92. 26)μmol/L, Female:(292. 26±76. 19)μmol/L, P<0. 01]. (2) FBG and serum uric acid were negatively related(r=-0. 316, P<0. 01). (3) FBG and serum uric acid were negatively related both in male(r=-0. 320, P<0.01)andinfemale(r=-0.291,P<0.05). (4)Multiplestepwiseregressionanalysisshowedthatthethreegroups of FBG and serum uric acid showed regression relationship in male and female patients(P<0. 01). Conclusion With the increased FBG, serum uric acid was decreased in both males and females. Therefore, serum uric acid might serve as a potential biomarker of glucose metabolism.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effect of Danhong injection on hemorhelogy in patients with angina pec-toris in coronary heart disease(CHD),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Medline,Cochrane Library,CJFD,VIP database,Wanfang database,and retrieved relevant literatures manual-ly,the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of Danhong injection on hemorhelogy in patients with angina pectoris in CHD were collected. After the quality evaluation and information collection of clinical studies with inclusion criteria,Meta-analy-sis was conducted by using Rev Man 5.2 software. RESULTS:A total of 12 RCT were enrolled,involving 1 160 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed the conventional treatment of Danhong injection could more effectively improve the high blood viscosity [MD=-0.87,95%CI(-1.24,-0.50),P<0.001],low blood viscosity[MD=-2.43,95%CI(-3.99,-0.87),P=0.002],hemato-crit value[MD=-0.05,95%CI(-0.10,-0.00),P=0.04],plasma viscosity[MD=-0.58,95%CI(-0.78,-0.38),P<0.001] and fibrinogen level[MD=-1.06,95%CI(-1.65,-0.47),P<0.001],compared with convertional treatment,there were significant dif-ferences. CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,Danhong injection has improvement effect on the related indica-tors of hemorhelogy in patients with angina pectoris in CHD. Due to the limit of methodological quality and sample size,it remains to be further verified with more rigorously designed and long-term follow-up of large-scale RCT.

Objective To investigate the effect of short hairpin RNA(shRNA) eukaryotic expression vector‐mediated silen‐cing of the survivin‐gene on proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) .Methods The shRNA vector targeting the survivin gene and negative control vector were transfected into human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) incubated with 50 ng/mL of recombinant VEGF in vitro by lipofectamine 2000 .Transfection after 48 h ,the expression of survivin mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot ,respectively .HUVEC proliferation was assayed by four methylthiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) and cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL .Results (1)Transfection with survivin‐shR‐NA vector significantly down‐regulated the expression of survivin mRNA and protein as compared with the control group ,after transfection of 48 h(P<0 .05) .(2)After survivin‐shRNA vector transfected ,the proliferation of HUVEC decreased significantly . After transfection 24 ,48 ,72 h ,the growth inhibition rate were (13 .53 ± 3 .91)% ,(38 .97 ± 1 .82)% ,(65 .75 ± 1 .83)% respective‐ly ,at 72 hours after transfection was the most significant .(3)The apoptosis rate of experimental group was (28 .07 ± 1 .71)% , which was higher than the negative control group (11 .45 ± 1 .52)% and blank control group (10 .04 ± 1 .46)% (P<0 .05) .Conclu‐sion The shRNA‐mediated mediated silencing of the survivin‐gene could significantly inhibit proliferation and promote the apopto‐sis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts by regulating survivin expression .