Advance medical directive is a statement made by a patient ,which indicates patient′s acceptable or unacceptable treatments , when he or she is not competent to make a medical decision .There are two types of ad-vance directive , which are living will and durable power of attorney for healthcare .The paper will briefly introduce advance directive′s history and analyse its controversies throughout the world .In China , most people don′t own an advance directive .When these patients are faced with medical emergency , their desires can not be known by their relatives, and not to mention let their relatives respect their desires .Cultural barrier and the lack of regulation and propaganda on advance directive are the main reasons cause the current situation of advance directive in china . Based on the analyses above , the paper offers a suggestion that it is necessary to widely promote advance directive in China .During the process of promoting advance directive , should pay attention to guide and respect traditional culture .

The aim of this study is to invistigate the effects of heparinization and the reversal of heparin activity with protamine on platelet function during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass. The venous blood of 10 healthy volunteers was collected in tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 25??/ml heparin. The expression of P selectin (a secretion marker of platelets) and activated fibrinogen receptor GP Ⅱb Ⅲa (an aggregation marker of platelets) on normal platelets in response to the treatment with heparin and protamine in vitro were examined using whole blood flow cytometry. The results showed that heparin (5～50?g/ml) could increase adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced expression of P selectin and GPⅡb Ⅲa in a dose dependent manner ( P

Nowadays there are still a lot of controversies about indications methods and timing for tracheotomy in the patients who need long-term mechanical ventilation.Some recent studies have shown that early tracheostomy can increase patient comfort compliance and may reduce the use of sedatives,decrease ventilator associated pneumonia occurrence,reduce duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay.Presently we consider that the early tracheostomy may benefit patients needing long-term mechanical ventilation,and percutaneous dilational tracheostomy is a better way of tracheotomy,however we need to correctly grasp the indications.

Objective To establish a method for identification and quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Methods The medicinal herb of Rhizoma Aeori Talarinowii was identified by its origin and TLC. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of β-asarone in Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Results The results of TLC showed that there were some spots with the same color in the position having the same relative retention time between the tested medici-hal material and the control. The results of HPLC showed that a good iinearity was in the range of 0. 1～0. 6 βg, the regression equation was Y=37158. 2X-589. 5(r=0. 999 7), and the average recovery was 96. 78 % (RSD=0. 95 %). Conclusion The method is simple and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii.

Objective To establish a method for identification and quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Methods The medicinal herb of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii was identified by its origin and TLC. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine the content of ? -asarone in Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Results The results of TLC showed that there were some spots with the same color in the position having the same relative retention time between the tested medicinal material and the control. The results of HPLC showed that a good linearity was in the range of 0.1～ 0.6 ? g, the regression equation was Y=37158.2X-589.5(r=0.999 7), and the average recovery was 96.78 % (RSD = 0.95 % ). Conclusion The method is simple and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii.

Objective To study the ultrastructure of ovary lymphatic stomata in human and compared with the animals′. Methods The morphology of human ovary surface was examined using scanning electron microscopy and the lymphatic stomatas were counted by the ELESCOPE computer image processing system. Results The human ovary epithelium was composed of cuboidal and flat cells. There were lymphatic stomatas not only among the cuboidal cells, but also among the cuboidal and flat cells. The stomata were usually circular in shape and about 1 80?0 82??m in diameter, 6 27?2 65??m in circle. Lymphatic stomata in external surface of ovary mucinous tumor was also found. Conclusion There are ovary lymphatic stomatas in human. These stomatas connect lymphatic vessels in ovary with the peritoneal cavity. They also present morphological basis for early\|metastasis of ovary tumor. [

Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombosis ; complications

The amount of the funds supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) played as an important role in judging the capabilities and tendency of scientific research.It is believed that the supporting rate of NSFC is promoted via scientific management policies.To explore the tendency and potential of scientific management plan in the first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,we analyze the projects supported by NSFC of our hospital from 2002 to 2011.Accordingly,our outcomes show the supporting rates of variable programs from NSFC were similar to the average for whole nation.The inspiring policies encourage our staff to put their passion on the scientific research and funding application.The quality of bidding documents for NSFC is partially improved by the suggestions and lecture of invited experts who took the charge of evaluation of funds from NSFC for actively guide,so as to increase goal average.Of note,a cohort of the researchers at the age below 45 did the main contribution to scientific research developing and programs application from NS-FC.Furthermore,we will pay more attention to reach 3 point following:1.the policy of matching fund to strengthen the competition of the researchers all over the nation.2.the policy of Integrated research resources for the major programs.3.further improvement of projects supervision.

Objective:Study the relationship of HLA I and B7 1 to elucidate the role of costimulatory molecule on antigen presentation in immunological rejection.Methods:FCM was applied to detect the expression of B7 1 Then the cytotoxicity of PBML was observed before and after blocking the HLA I Results:The level of HLA I expression increased greatly(P