Recent advances in carbohydrate metabolism in cancer stem cells were obtained by analyzing the key words in relation with carbohydrate metabolism in cancer stem cells, which are covered in cluster-derived databases ( GoPubMed, XplorMed, AnneO'Tate, MEDSUM, PubReMiner) , with the basic strategies and use characteristics of these 5 databases compared, in order to provide the effective retrieval tools for embedded subject service in li-brary.

Objective:To observe the postoperative complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)in pa-tients With coronary heart disease (CHD)and analyze its nursing methed.Methods:A total of 200 CHD patients un-dergoing PCI in our hospital from Sep 2011 to Aug 2012 Were enrolled.The postoperative complications and thera-peutic effect Were observed and analyzeits nursing methods.Results:There Were 42 cases of PCI postoperative com-plications,included 26 cases (13%)of forearm hematoma,five cases (2.5%)of errhysis and edema at puncture site,four cases (2%)of extubation syndrome,tWo cases (1%)of arrhythmia and tWo cases (1%)of pseudoaneu-rysm etc.,in Which the incidence of forearm hematoma Was the highest,compared With any other complication (P<0.05 );after direction nursing,all complications significantly improved and recovered to normal.Conclusion:Comprehensive and directive nursing can effectively prevent postoperative complications and promote rehabilitation as soon as possible in patients With coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective:To observe the effects of Periploca forrestil Schltr Compound extract in serum interleukin-4(IL-4),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in joint synovial tissue of rats,and further to investigate it′s therapeutic effects and related mechanism.Methods: To built the complete adjuvant arthritis (AA) model in rats,and then to detect the contents of IL-4,IFN-γ,TNF-α in serum by ELISA,TGF-β1 in synovial tissues of rats knee was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results: The contents of IFN-γ,TNF-α were higher and IL-4 and TGF-β1 were lower in adjuvant arthritis rats (model group) than those in blank control (P<0.01).By comparing with the model group the contents of IFN-γ and TNF-α were significantly lower in Periploca forrestil Schltr Compound treated rat group,whereas the expressions of IL-4 and TGF-β1 were increased(P<0.05).Conclusion: The Periploca forrestil Schltr Compound can significantly inhibit the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α,and enhance the expression of IL-4 and TGF-β1,adjusted the Th1/Th2 cell and cytokines imbalance,to alleviate arthritis and cartilage destruction,therefore the Periploca forrestil Schltr Compound can significantly inhibit the proliferation of T lymphocyte and infiltration in synovial tissues of experimental rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND: The nucleus pulposus tissue engineering is regarded as an ideal method in repairing intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the resource of nucleus pulposus cells is limited, so seed cell plays a vital role in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can differentiate into NP-like cells induced by three-dimensional scaffold. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro observation based on cell-materials level was performed at the Orthopaedic Research Institute, General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from July to December 2008. MATERIALS: Three Japanese big-eared rabbits with 3-months old were provided by Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd., and the medical chitosan was purchased from Golden-shell Biochemical Co., Ltd. METHODS: The ADSCs were isolated from the rabbit adipose and then subcultured with collagenase digestion. The second ADSCs were prepared 50 uL cell suspension (5×10~6 cells), and mixed with 150 uL chitosan-alginate (C/A) and cultured in a12-well plate for 20 minutes in room temperature to obtain C/A gel. The experiment divided into 3 groups, in the control group, 2 mL DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum was added; DMEM containing bovine serum albumin, transforming growth factor-1 (TGF), hexadecadrol, vitamin C, bone morphogenetic protein-7,1% ITS was added, and then cultured with 2% O_2 or 20% O_2. All the samples were placed in incubator at a humidified atmosphere of 5% O_2 at 37 V for 21 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histomorphological observation; levels of proteoglycan, as well as type II collagen. RESULTS: The scanning electron microscopy showed that ADSCs grew well on the chitosan-alginate scaffolds, which was positive to oil-O staining and Alcian blue staining. More proteoglycan was produced. With time increasing, there was no significant change in the proteoglycan content and type II collagen in the control group. The content of proteoglycan and collagen type II was higher in the induced group, which had difference to the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). Meantime, the expression of collagen type II and proteoglycan was greater in hypoxia-induced group than that of normoxia-induced group (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Rabbit ADSCs growing on the scaffolds of chitosan-alginate gel may differentiate towards NP-like cells under certain conditions, especially better under hypoxia state.

Objective To analyze the effect of prognosis of psychological counseling combined with early double anti antiplatelet on the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.Methods 76 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital from February 2014 to March 2016 were numbered according to their admission order.The patients with even numbers were in the observation group and with the odds number in the control group, 38 cases in each group.The control group were given aspirin and clopidogrel in the early stage, and the observation group were given psychological guidance on the basis of the control group.The prognosis in the two groups was recorded and analyzed.Results The neurological deficit score (NIHSS) and simple mental state score (MMSE) in the observation group (9.16±0.73)points, (25.42±2.00)points were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (12.59±1.05)points, (20.73±2.16)points.And the differences were significant (P<0.05).The level of dailyliving activity index (Barthel) and Hamilton depression (HAMD) in the observation groupwere (80.86±3.29)points, (13.70±1.53)points, respectively, which were better than those in the control group (71.53±3.75)points, (18.53±1.99)points, and the differences were significant (P<0.05).The total adverse reaction rate in the treatment group was 18.42%, slightly higher than 14.29% in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Psychological counseling combined with early double antiplatelet intervention has positive effect on the prognosis in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis,which can lead to either fatal cytopenias or acute myelogenous leukemias (AML).MDS mainly occurs in the elderly population.The current use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MDS patients is the only medical care,but not available for patients who are above 60 years.Recently,several new biological and chemotherapeutic agents have been used in the treatment of MDS alone or jointlly,which may result in the improvement of hematologic parameters and the prevention of disease progression.

Objective To analyze effect of stem cell transplantation on the expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the myocardium of dogs with ischemic mitral regurgitation.Methods 24 healthy male experiment dogs were selected, 6 were collected randondy as normal group, the others were used to construct mitral regurgitation model.After that, the modelized dogs were divided into three groups, 5 dogs in model group, 6 dogs in experiment group and 6 in control group.The experimental group were given 2 mL stem cells suspension to ischemic myocardial, control group was infused without stem cells in DMEM medium, and then the SMA, bFGF and VEGF expression levels of myocardial tissues in each groups were detected and analyzed.ResuIts Compared with control group and model group, the heart function of experiment group were improved more obviously, such as cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) increased significantly (P<0.05).Myocardialα-SMA were significantly lower (P<0.05).bFGF contents in myocardial tissue increased significantly (P<0.05).The content of VEGF in myocardial tissue significantly increased (P<0.05).ConcIusions Stem cell transplantation can inhibit the expression of SMA in myocardium of ischemic mitral regurgitation, and promote the expression of bFGF and VEGF, has a better effect on heart function.

Objective:To evaluate the single dose and dosage frequency of analgesic drugs in 9 Chinese cancer hospitals in 2012. Methods:Using a retrospective method, the utilization of analgesic drugs in 9 cancer hospitals in the year of 2012 was analyzed statis-tically. Results:Most of single dosage of 15 analgesic drugs was consistent with the package inserts except for flunarizine and pethidine oral preparations with single overdose up to 50%. Most of dosage frequency of 21 analgesic drugs was consistent with the package in-serts except for oxycodone/acetaminophen, dihydrocodeine/paracetamol and dezocine with inconsistent dosage frequency ratio up to 30%. Conclusion:Most of single dose and dosage frequency of analgesic drugs is consistent with the package inserts. There is some unreasonable usage that should be paid attention to. Clinicians should be more cautious in analgesic drug use to make correct and ra-tional decision on dose and frequency, meanwhile, drug use in patients should be monitored to ensure the medication safety.

Objective To investigate the changes in cerebral cAMP and PKA levels during development of acute opioid tolerance induced by remifentanil and to determine whether post-receptor cAMP/PKA signaling pathway is involved in the process. Methods Fifty-six male Kunming mice weighing 25-35 g were randomly divided into 5 groups: group Ⅰ control (C) (n=8); group Ⅱ received morphine infused intraperitoneally (IP) at 0.6 μg'kg-1·min-1 for 120min(M) (n=8); group Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ received remifentnil infused IP at 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 μg·kg-1·min-1 for 120 min(R1=8, R2n=8; R3 n=24).Control group received IP infusion of normal saline. Tail-flick test was performed td measure the response of animals to a thermal nociceptive stimulus before IP infusion, at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after beginning of IP infusion and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after termination of IP infusion. Eight animals were decapitated at 60 min after termination of IP infusion in all 5 groups and the other 16 animals in group R3 were decapitated at 30 and 45 min after termination of IP infusion (n=8 each) for determination of intracellular contents of cAMP and activities of PKA in cerebral cortex and inferior colliculus-striatum by ELISA or radioactive isotope [32p,] ATP-catalyzing assay. Results The tail-flick latency was significantly prolonged during IP infusion as compared with the baseline before infusion in group M, R1 , R2 and R3 but became significantly shorter at 30 and 45 min after infusion than the baseline values in group R1, R2 and R3indicating hyperalgesia after remifentauil infusion. The cerebral contents of cAMP and PKA activities at 60 min after termination of infusion were comparable or decreased in group M, R1, R2 and R3 as compared with group C. There was no significant difference in cerebral cAMP contents and PKA activities at 30, 60 and 45 min after IP remifentanil infusion in group R3. Conclusion Remifentanil can induce acute hyperalgesic effect on mice, and there is no up-regulation of post-receptor cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in the acute opioid tolerance, which is not similar to that chronic opioid tolerance.

Cancer is a general term of a series of complex traits of the disease triggered by the body cells losing their normal regulation of excessive proliferation, which essentially is a genetic disease.Recombinant inbred strain (RI) mouse generated from one pair of founders has been widely used in traditional tumor model.However, RI has many limitations on the statistic efficiency because of the small scale and lacking of allele diversity.The Collaborative Cross (CC) was designed to generate hundreds of recombinant inbred lines by 8 divergent strains of mice.CC mice embody a tremendous amount of natural genetic variation in different sub-strains of mouse and the single nucleotide polymorphism is four times of the traditional experimental mice.The high-genetic diversity and large scale population enables CC mice simulates the differences of individual susceptibility to the pathogeny or the therapies,thus provides a better research tool and information platform for expediting discovery of genes and genes function in human complex traits diseases.This review summarizes our current knowledge of this field, including methodologic aspects, applications, challenges and limitations, and utilization for cancer research.