Vildagliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which can prevent the cleavage and inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and thus increases the plasma level of intact GLP-1. Such action promotes the insulin secretion from β cell and suppresses inappropriately glucagon secretion from α cell in a glucose-dependent manner. Vildagliptin used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs can effectively reduce HbA1C, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, and improve islet β cell and α cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with extremely few hypoglycemia and comparable adverse effects with placebo, but no weight gain. The unique drug action, reliable clinical efficacy, and favorable safety and tolerability of vildagliptin make it a novel oral antidiabetic drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Zebrafish has been widely used as an important model system in research fields of genetic and develop -mental biology over the past 20 years.Similar to the mammalians and other vertebrate animals , zebrafish also has various tissue barriers.In recent years, more and more important progress of tissue barrier studies have been achieved using ze -brafish as in vivo model, such as blood-brain barrier.These findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of diseases caused by the disorders of physiological barriers .It also helps with the modulation of the permeability of tissue bar-riers for drug delivery .This review summaries recent progress of zebrafish applications in the study of tissue barriers , such as blood-brain barrier, blood-retina barrier, epidermal barrier, etc.

Post-operative pancreatic fistula(POPF)is the most common and severe complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy,which may have significant impacts on curative effects and prognosis.It has been shown that POPF is not only closely associated with texture of pancreatic parenchyma,diameter of pancreatic duct and tumor site,but also affected by surgeon's experience and surgical techniques.Double layer pancreaticojejunostomy and external pancreatic duct stent may be beneficial to decrease POPF.

Objective To observe the effects of anti lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin Y (IgY) on LPS in vitro . Methods The direct in vitro neutralization of different concentrations of IgY and LPS was conducted for the detection of the remained amount of LPS to observe the dose effect relationship. The primary cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured for 48-72 h after addition of certain concentrations of fluorescein isothiocyanate LPS (FITC LPS) and IgY. Changes of the fluorescent intensity in HUVECs were observed at different time points. After addition of certain concentrations of LPS and IgY for incubation with HUVECs for 4, 8, and 12 h, the changes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured. Results The dose effect relationship was satisfactory when the ratio was 16︰1. At 4, 8, and 12 h, fluorescent intensity was somewhat strong in FITC LPS group, but weak in IgY group, especially at 8 and 12 h. The LDH activity in medium increased obviously after incubation for 8 h in LPS group ( P

Objective:The present study discussed the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic body and tail carcinoma. Methods:The data of 52 patients with pancreatic body and tail carcinoma treated in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. The data included historical materials of perioperative examination and therapy. The data of 49 cases were reviewed retrospectively, and the median survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The effects of the clinicopathologic parameters on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic body and tail carcinoma were examined by the log rank test. Results:Thirty-eight patients underwent exploratory surgery among which 24 had surgical resection, and the standard procedure was distal pancreatectomy plus splenectomy. The tumor staging was stage I in five patients (13.16%), stage II in nineteen patients (50%), stage III in five patients (13.16%), and stage IV in nine patients (23.67%). The median survival time was 18.0 ± 1.23 months for patients who received radical resection and 10.0 ± 2.71 months for patients who underwent nonspecific treatment or palliative therapy. The radical resection was associated with a longer survival period than the nonspecific treatment or palliative therapy (P<0.01). Conclusion:Early diagnosis is the key to achieving long-term survival. The radical resection plays an important role in improving the surgical treatment.

Objective:To assess the analgesic effects and side effects of buprenorphine sublingual tablet in dental treatment.Methods:500 cases for dental treatment were selected.Before management of teeth,all the patients took 0.2 mg of buprenorphine sublingual tablet.The VAS score,Kuttner face score and side effects after dental treatment were recorded.Results:The VAS scores of the patients underwent preventive,operative and prosthetic treatments were 3.99?2.34,2.72?1.67 and 2.78?1.55,the Kuttner scores of those 1.98?1.23,2.66?1.04 and 2.03?0.93,respectively.Side effect was not observed in all the patients.Conclusion:Buprenorphine sublingual tablet can relieve the pain in dental treatment.

Arm Injuries ; etiology ; Autonomic Pathways ; pathology ; Central Nervous System ; pathology ; China ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; Temperature ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Female ; Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; diagnosis ; Male ; Reference Standards ; Skin Temperature ; physiology ; Young Adult

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a class of small redox proteins which is widely found in all organisms.It acts as antioxidant by facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange.Recently,thioredoxin is found to be over-expressed in many kinds of tumor,which is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle control.Trx is also found to promote the synthesis and stabilization of the HIF-1α protein.It is also related to the control of reactive oxygen species and chemoresistance of tumor cells.Trx has been proved to play an important role in promoting the metastasis of cancer,and may become a potential target for anti-metastasis of cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of a preoperative predictive scoring system established by National Cancer Center Hospital (NCCH) for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with periampullary tumor who underwent PD in the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from October 2008 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Five indexes including gender,pancreatic cancer,main pancreatic duct index,portal invasion and intra-abdominal fat thickness were in the NCCH preoperative predictive scoring system.Patients with score ＞ 4 were defined as with high risk of POPF,and those with score≤4 were defined as with low risk of POPF.Factors associated with POPF were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test.The sensitivity and specificity of the predictive scoring system were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results Of the 100 patients,20 had POPF,including 9 in grade A,6 in grade B and 5 in grade C.Gender,pancreatic cancer,portal invasion,texture of pancreas and method of pancreaticojejunostomy were closely correlated with POPF (x2=5.613,4.785,15.479,7.145,7.050,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of POPF was 86.4％ (19/22) for patients with high risk of POPF,and 1.3％ (1/78) for patients with low risk of POPF,with significant difference (x2=77.637,P ＜ 0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the predictive scoring system were 95.0％ and 96.3％,respectively.The nomogram showed an area under the curve of 99.0％ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The NCCH preoperative predictive scoring system could accurately predict the occurrence of POPF.