Objective To investigate the possible correlation between chronic periodontitis(CP)and chronic renal failure(CRF)by establishing chronic periodontitis and chronic renal failure model in SD rats. Methods Forty health male SD rats were divided into four groups: control group(A), CP group(B), CRF group(C), CP accompany with CRF group(D). Ten rats were sacrificed in every group at the end of week 8. The periodontal index, levels of serum Scr and BUN, the concentration of IL-1β and TNF-α were examined. The severity CP and CRF was quantified by histopathology. The date was statistically analyzed. Results Animal models were established successfully. Scr and BUN in group D, BUN were higher than that in group C[Scr(120.54±21.29)junol/L vs(93.63±18.82)u,mol/L, BUN(34.20±14.44)mmol/L vs(17.77±4.15)mmol/L, P<0.05]. The kidney change of inflammation was observed in group B, the grade of PAS and Masson in group C and D were higher than that in group A(P<0.01), and that in group D was higher than group C(P<0.05). Obvious inflammation of periodontal tissue was observed in group B and D. Attachment loss level(AL)in group D was higher than that in group B[(173.60± 16.75)μm vs(124.00±23.87)μm, P<0.05]. The level of IL-lβ and TNF-α in group B and C and D were higher than that in group A(P<0.05), and IL-lβ in group D was higher than that in group B and C(P<0.05), TNF-a in group D was higher than that in group B(P<0.05). 2×2 factorial design revealed that there were interactions between CP and CRF on the numerus of Scr and BUN and AL P<0.05), and the influence of each factor on that was significant(P<0.05), no interactions were noted between CP and CRF on IL-1β and TNF-α(P>0.05), but the influence of each factor on that was significant(P<0.05). Conclusions The SD rat models can appear chronic periodontitis and chronic renal failure at the same time. There is correlation between chronic periodontitis and chronic renal failure. Chronic periodontitis can aggravate chronic renal failure throngh the role of inflammation.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of assisted hatching (AH) performed in couples with advanced maternal age.We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in electronic databases,including MEDLINE,EMBASE and CENTRAL (from inception to January 2018);in addition,we hand-searched the reference lists of included studies and similar reviews.We included RCTs comparing AH versus no treatment (control).The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software.The search retrieved 943 records and 8 RCTs were included,comprising 870 cycles (n=440 for AH,and n=430 for control).There was no significant difference in the rates of live birth (RR 0.88,95％ CI 0.65 to 1.18,3 RCTs,n=427,I2=0％),clinical pregnancy (RR 1.00,95％ CI 0.83 to 1.19,8 RCTs,n=870,I2=22％),implantation (RR 1.07,95％ CI 0.83 to 1.39,4 RCTs,n=1359,I2=0％),miscarriage (RR 1.13,95％ CI 0.66 to 1.94,2 RCTs,n=116,I2=0％) and multiple pregnancy (RR 0.89,95％ CI 0.31 to 2.52,1 RCT,n=97,I2=not applicable) between the treatment group and control group.No reasonable conclusions could be drawn regarding reproductive outcomes after AH in patients with advanced maternal age due to the small sample pooled in meta-analyses.Studies of high methodological quality and with adequate power are necessary to further investigate the value of AH in assisted conception of those patients.

OBJECTIVELong time exhaled oxygen will induced oxygen toxicity. Some studies had found that different pathology may exised in normobaric and hyperbaric pulmonary oxygen toxicity, and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) may play a role. In this study, we discussed the change of NOS in normobaric and hyperbaric pulmonary oxygen toxicity.

METHODSSixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 10), exposed to 1 ATA (atmosphere absolute), 1.5 ATA, 2 ATA, 2.5 ATA and 3 ATA, 100% oxygen for 56, 20, 10, 8, 6 hours respectively. Rats were exposed to air as control. After exposure, the protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the wet/dry weight of lung and the expression of eNOS, nNOS in lung were defined.

RESULTSAs compared to air group, the protein in BALF, the wet/dry of lung were significantly elevated in 1.0 ATA group, while these changes were not so obviously in the other groups, and these changes in hyperbaric oxygen group (approximately 1.0 ATA) were significantly decreased as compared with nonnrmobaric oxygen group (1.0 ATA). The expression of nNOS were not changed in normobaric and hyperbaric pulmonary oxygen toxicity, while the expression of eNOS was significantly decreased in 2 ATA group, and significantly elevated in 2.5 ATA and 3 ATA group.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of eNOS can change when exposed to different pressures of oxygen.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; poisoning ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The purpose of the present study is to explore the effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the underlying mechanisms in ox-LDL-induced macrophage foam-forming process. RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, and then treated with ox-LDL (25, 50 and 100 mg/L), anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody+ox-LDL and tunicamycin (TM), respectively. After incubation for 24 h, the cells were collected. The cellular lipid accumulation was showed by oil red O staining and the content of cellular total cholesterol was quantified by enzymatic colorimetry. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), a molecular marker of ERS, was determined by immunocytochemistry assay. The levels of GRP94 protein, phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (p-IRE1) and X box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in RAW264.7 cells were detected by Western blotting. The results indicated that after incubation with ox-LDL (25, 50 and 100 mg/L) for 24 h, a large amount of lipid droplets were found in the cytoplasm, and the contents of cellular total cholesterol were increased by 2.1, 2.8 and 3.1 folds compared with the control, respectively. Anti-CD36 antibody decreased markedly the cellular lipid accumulation induced by ox-LDL at 100 mg/L. Both ox-LDL and TM, a specific ERS inducer, could up-regulate the protein expression of GRP94 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, p-IRE1 and XBP1, two key components of the unfolded protein response, were also significantly induced by the treatment with ox-LDL. The up-regulations of the three proteins induced by ox-LDL were inhibited significantly when the macrophages were pre-incubated with anti-CD36 antibody. These results suggest that ox-LDL may induce ERS in a dose-dependent way and subsequently activate the unfolded protein response signaling pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages, which is potentially mediated by scavenger receptor CD36.
Animals ; CD36 Antigens ; physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; drug effects ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; pharmacology ; Macrophages ; cytology ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors ; Stress, Physiological ; drug effects ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; X-Box Binding Protein 1

Objective Sialic acid and its derivatives in mammalian cells mainly include N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and deaminoneuraminic acid (KDN), among which Neu5Ac can be catalyzed by cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) for the synthesis of Neu5Gc. In this study, the transcriptional level of CMAH in different tissues of BALB/c mice were determined by relative fluorescence quantitative PCR, to provide a reference for further analysis of Neu5Gc levels in different tissues. Methods The mRNA sequence of CMAH was searched in the NCBI database and specific primers were designed. The mouse β-actin was selected as an internal control, and the transcriptional levels of CMAH in 9 different organ tissues of BALB/c mice were detected by relative fluorescence quantitative PCR using SYBR Green dye. Results Among the 9 mouse organs, the transcriptional level of CMAH in the liver tissue was the highest, which was 2. 46 times higher of that in the spleen, 3. 17 times of the kidney, 5. 14 times of the trachea, 11. 70 times of the lung, 21. 12 times of the myocardium, 31. 37 times of the skeletal muscles, 66. 90 times of the small intestine and 1056. 99 times of the brain tissue, respectively. Conclusions CMAH is transcribed in many organ tissues of mice, and its transcriptional levels vary in a quite wide range.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) on functional status and recovery of the hemiplegic upper extremity in stroke patients. METHOD: Retrospective chart review was performed in 561 patients. Among 561 stroke patients, 116 subjects were recruited and classified into two groups: patient group, 43 cases with RSD; control group, 73 cases without RSD. Upper extremity function was assessed based on feeding, dressing and personal hygiene scores of the modified Barthel index at the beginning of rehabilitation treatment and at the time of discharge. Causes of stroke and length of stay were recorded. Median nerve-somatosensory evoked potential studies were performed and assessed. RESULTS: The incidence of RSD was 7.7% and the time to development of RSD was 62.3+/-34.1 days after the onset of stroke. There was no significant difference in functional status between two groups at initial and final evaluation. The upper extremity function had improved in both groups although the length of stay was longer in patient group. SSEP abnormalities were more frequent in the patient group. CONCLUSION: The presence of well-managed RSD affected neither the functional status nor the functional recovery of upper extremity in stroke patients.
Bandages ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy* ; Reflex* ; Rehabilitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke* ; Upper Extremity*

Toxoplasma gondii is a serious foodborne zoonosis,which can not only affect the development of animal husbandry and the safety of meat products,but also cause great harm to public health.Therefore,the prevention of toxoplasmosis is crucial.Toxoplasma gondii vaccine which is regarded as an important measure to prevent toxoplasmosis has significant value to both public health and economics.This paper mainly summarizes advances in the study of Toxoplasma gondii vaccine in order to provide references for the further development of it,so as to control the toxoplasmosis more effectively.

Objective:To analyze the effect of analysis plan, do, check, and action (PDCA) cycle in improving the completion rate of sepsis bundle treatment in sepsis patients and the knowledge-attitude-practice of sepsis bundle treatment in medical staff.Methods:Using the historical control method, sepsis patients admitted to the Emergency Trauma Intensive Care Unit of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling. The 35 patients admitted from January to December 2021 will be included in the control group; from June 2022 to June 2023, 28 patients were admitted to the observation group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received intervention based on the PDCA cycle. The completion rate of sepsis bundle treatment before and after PDCA cycle implementation was compared. The 27 nurses and 5 doctors working in trauma care unit were investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire on their knowledge and practice level of sepsis bundle treatment. The completion rate of sepsis bundle treatment before and after the implementation of PDCA cycle was compared.Results:The control group included 19 males and 16 females, aged (61.77 ± 8.64) years. The observation group included 13 males and 15 females, aged (60.61 ± 10.20) years. After the implementation of PDCA cycle, the completion rate of 3h bundle treatment for sepsis in the observation group was 89.29% (25/28), which was higher than 31.42% (10/35) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=23.22, P<0.05). The completion rate of sepsis bundle treatment within 6 hours in the observation group was 11/11, which was higher than 5/9 in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=6.11, P<0.05). Moreover, after the implementation of PDCA cycle, the total score and sub-scale scores of the knowledge-attitude-practice among medical staffs increased from 86.60 ± 10.33, 21.00 ± 4.74, 18.00 ± 1.58, and 47.60 ± 4.10 to 100.00 ± 5.20, 27.60 ± 2.51, 19.60 ± 0.55, and 52.80 ± 2.28 respectively, with statistically significant differences ( t values were -5.10 - -3.14, all P<0.05). Conclusions:PDCA cycle can improve the completion rate of sepsis bundle treatment and improve the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical staff.

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of basic activity of daily living and nutritional status the effects on comorbidity and frailty, so as to provide guidance for preventing and delaying the frailty of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and abnormal glucose metabolism.Methods:The cross-sectional study method was adopted, 300 elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and abnormal glucose metabolism who were hospitalized in the cardiovascular medicine ward of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, were selected as the study objects from January to August 2022, and were surveyed using General Information Questionnaire, Frailty Scale, Charlson Comorbidity Index Scale, Barthel Index Rating Scale and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form were used to investigate them.Results:A total of 300 questionnaires were collected and 291 valid questionnaires were returned. Out of 291 patients, 167 were male and 124 were female, with an age of (69.55 ± 7.01) years. Comorbidities in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and abnormal glucose metabolism were positively correlated with frailty ( r=0.414, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with basic activity of daily living and nutritional status ( r=-0.399, -0.373, both P<0.01). Basic activity of daily living was positively correlated with nutritional status ( r=0.575, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with frailty ( r=-0.825, P<0.01). Nutritional status was negatively correlated with frailty ( r=-0.695, P<0.01). The chain mediating model showed that comorbidities had a significant direct effect on frailty (effect value of 0.102), basic activity of daily living partially mediated between comorbidity and frailty (effect value of 0.125). Basic activity of daily living and nutritional status partially chained between comorbidity and frailty (effect value of 0.036). Conclusions:The chain mediating roles of basic activity of daily living and nutritional status between comorbidity and frailty was established. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the improvement of basic activity of daily living in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases and abnormal glucose metabolism, guide them to have a reasonable diet to achieve balanced nutrition, and delay the onset and development of frailties.

Increase in agricultural production or steel manufacturing during Proto-Three Kingdoms Period enabled ancient people to establish well-organized ancient kingdoms in Korean peninsula. A pottery in which human skeletons were buried, the urn coffin, has been regarded as one of the frequently used burial system in ancient Korean society. Among them, the small-sized urn coffin was thought to be used for reburial of adult skeleton or burial for infants and children. In this report, we showed that the human adult bones were buried in a very unique pattern. Based on anthropological study, the dead person buried in the urn coffin died in his/her 30s; and every bone fragment belonged to human skull without exception. The dead person might be a warrior killed in action because there have been reports on exclusive burial of skull in a small-sized, ancient urn coffin in Japan, that was commonly interpreted as the burial of ancient warrior's heads decapitated during ancient battle, and were reburied in the burial ground. Nevertheless, considering that the cervical bones were not found along with the skull bone fragments, the tell tale sign of decapitation, more future studies are needed to confirm the hypothesis. However, even so, it could not be easily denied that very unique funeral customs: burial of human adult skull in a small-sized urn coffin, prevailed in the ancient Korean societies in certain regions.
Adult ; Burial ; Child ; Decapitation ; Head ; Humans ; Infant ; Japan ; Korea ; Skeleton ; Skull ; Steel ; Tooth