This paper introduced the measurement methods of heat and moisture exchanger during tracheotomy with two main parameters (water loss and pressure drop) and proposed more heat and moisture exchanger evaluation indicators such as the death chamber, the heat exchange rate, as well as those parameters can be used to evaluate the reasonableness of the heat and moisture exchanger performance.
Humans ; Humidity ; Tracheotomy ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To Observe the clinical effects of treating arrhythmia with wenxinkeli.Methods A total of 126 patients with arrhythmia were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group,63 cases in each.The treatment group was treated with wenxinkeli 9g/time,3times/d;while the control group was treated with amiodarone,0.2g/time,3 times/d,and changed to 2times/d after one week.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Results The total effective rate was 85.7%and 87.3% in control group and the treatment group,showing no significant difference(x2=0.068,P>0.05).Conclusion Wenxinkeli has similar antiarrhythmic effects with amiodarone,besides its few side effects.

From January 1987 to April 1991, we used the ultrasonography in the diagnosis of placenta previa of 197 cases. The diagosis of placenta previa is made to assess the relationship of the lower margins of the placenta and the internal os. There were total 74 eases of placenta previa (37.6%), 37 cases of (18.8%) partial placenta previa, 46 cases of low-lying placenta (23.4%), and 40 cases of "relative low-lying placenta" (20.2%). The high ratio diagnosis of the total placenta previa was made at 28-36 weeks.(P

Some genetic or congenital disorders caused by certain drugs, usually accompanied by a variety of craniofacial,skin,limb deformity. Early detection of these malformations can provide effective help to clinical diagnosis. This review, therefore, provides a brief discussion of craniofacial, skin, and limb anomalies and features which are particularly helpful clues to common syndromes,metabolic disorders,or autism syndromes.

Objective:To evaluate the disruption of FANCF gene by methylation in cervical cancer and analyze the relation between cervical cancer and the methylation of FANCF DNA so as to find a method to inhibit the development of cervical cancer.Methods:The level of FANCF mRNA was detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) before and after treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR).Protein was tested by Western Blot.Methylation specific PCR(MSP) was used to check whether it was methylated in exon of FANCF.Normal cervical cancer tissues were used as controls.Results:The expression of FANCF mRNA in cervical cancer cell line SiHa was absent,and so was the expression of protein.The expression of FANCF mRNA and protein was decreased in Hela cell line.After treated with(5-Aza-CdR),SiHa expressed FANCF mRNA and protein,and time for SiHa cells to proliferate double was prolonged.Compared with the controls,the expression of FANCF mRNA in cervical cancer tissues decreased significantly or absolutely defaulted,and expression of FANCF protein also decreased(P

Objective:To analyze emm type,macrolide-resistance genes and superantigen gene profile of GAS isolates from children with pharyngitis in Chongqing.Methods:A total of 44 clinical isolates of GAS were obtained from children with pharyngeal diseases in 2007,Chongqing.The macrolide-resistant genotype(ermB,ermTR and mefA) and superantigen gene of group A streptococcal isolates(ssa、SMEZ、speA、speC、speG、speH、speI and speJ)were detected by PCR.Emm types were applied by PCR and sequencing.Results:Emm12 was the most common emm type(26 isolates,59.1%).Emm1 was the second(7 isolates,15.9%).Emm22 had 2 isolates,emm6 had 2 isolates,emm3 had 2 isolates,and emm80,emm63,emm102,stG485 and st1815 had 1 isolate respectively.All 44 isolates were detected ermB gene(100%),33 isolates were detected erm TR gene(75.0%),and 3 isolates were detected mefA gene(6.8%).All of the isolates were detected ssa,SMEZ and speH.The detection rates of other superantigen genes were speG(84.1%),spec(81.2%),speI(63.6%),speA(50%)and speJ(15.9%).Six in 7 isolates of emm1 type were detected speA gene(85.7%),and 7 in 26 isolates of emm12 type were detected speA gene(26.9%).The distribution of speA in emm1 and emm12 had a statistically significant difference(P=0.008,

Objective:To analyze the main complications of deep vein thrombosis during its treatment and explore its causes and treatment and prevention measures.Methods:98 Cases of deep vein thrombosis undergone Fogarty catheter operation combined with thrombosis lysis and drug treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results:78 examples are cured leaving hospital process smooth , being recovered; 6 examples curing process middle bleeding happened; The embolism queen collects 10 examples synthetically; Lethality pulmonary embolism 2 examples. Conclusions:Closely observation of the alteration of blood routine test and blood coagulation test can effectively prevent the occurrence of bleeding during the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Venacaval filter screen may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary thrombosis. Elastic socks and proper anticoagulation treatment may decrease the ouurrence of postembolic syndrome.

With the development of science and technology, the diagnosis and treatment of tumor is more and more advanced, which greatly prolongs patients' survival time and improves the quality of life leading to increased in-cidence and detection rate of multiple primary malignant tumors. However, misdiagnosis of multiple primary malignant tumors increases the mortality rate of patients. In this review, we mainly discussed the overview, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of multiple primary malignant tumors.

Objective To put forward suggestions or measures for prescription standardization through analysis of prescription of TCM decoction pieces in outpatient of our hospital. Methods Totally 2400 outpatient prescriptions were randomly selected in 2013, in order to carry out statistical analysis on non-standard prescription and analyze existing problems. Results There were 177 non-standard prescriptions, accounting for 7.38%of 2400 prescriptions. Conclusion Unreasonable medicine use in prescription of outpatient exists. Communication between pharmacists and physicians about prescription should be strengthened, prescription review system should be refined, and norms of prescription should be promoted, with a purpose to ensure the safety of medicine using.

The airway remodeling of bronchial asthma is the result of repeated airway inlfammation. Its occurrence is a complex process involving many cytokines, inlfammatory mediators and associated cellular components, of which leukotrienes are important mediators of inlfammation in the airway remodeling. Many factors inlfuence Airway remodeling. In recent years, effects of Th17 cells and CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+treg cells) on airway remodeling is growing in importance. Leukotriene receptor antagonist is an effective drug in the treatment of asthma and can suppress airway remodeling. But the exact mechanisms and its impact on the proportion of Th17 cells/CD4+CD25+treg cells is not yet clear. Therefore, the clariifcation of the changes of Th17 cells/CD4+CD25+treg cells expression in airway remodeling and the speciifc pathways, biological effects, inlfuence of the proportion of Th17 cells/CD4+CD25+treg cells expression after leukotriene receptor antagonist intervene can provide a new target for prevention and the treatment of asthma in the future.