Objective To explore the changes of index of heart function and major cardiovascular events (nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) to H-type hypertension patients with left ventricular hypertrophy caused by Tianma Gouteng Decoction.Methods 126 H-type hypertension patients with left ventricular hypertrophy from January 2014 to May 2014 in our hospital were divided into observation group and control group,63 cases in each group.Control group was treated with conventional western medicine, observation group was treated with Tianma Gouteng Decoction on the basis of control group.The levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),the E/A, and the incidence of major cardiovascular events were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with pre-treatment, the levels of Hcy in the two groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05), and the effect of observation group was better (P<0.05).After the treatment, the E/A and LVEF of the two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05); the E/A ratio and LVEF in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).The incidence of major cardiovascular events in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (6.35%VS 19.05%,P<0.05).Conclusion Tianma Gouteng Decoction can significantly reduce the Hcy of patients who get H-type hypertension, improve diastolic and systolic function and lower the occurrence of major cardiovascular events.

Objective To observe the cell apoptosis, oxidative stress reaction and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in kid?ney of dietary zinc deficiency mice during growth period, and discuss the mechanism of renal cell apoptosis induced by zinc deficiency. Methods Thirty weaning male mice were randomly divided into zinc-deficient group and zinc-adequate group, and 15 mice for each group. Zinc-deficient group was fed with zinc deficiency diet (0.85 mg/kg), while zinc-adequate group was fed with enough zinc diet (30 mg/kg). The TUNEL method was applied to observe the cell apoptosis, and the apoptotic in?dex was measured. The content of SOD and MDA were detected to observe the oxidative stress reaction in kidney. The ex?pression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with zinc-adequate group, the cell apoptosis and oxidative stress reaction were increased in zinc-deficient group. The expression of Bcl-2 de?creased, and the expression of Bax increased. The ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax declined in kidney of zinc deficiency mice. Conclu?sion Diet zinc deficiency in growth period may result in the decreased antioxidase, the increased oxidative stress reaction, and the changed Bcl-2 and Bax expression, which promote the occurrence of cell apoptosis in kidney.

Objective To evaluate the patient-controlled paravertebral block (PCPB) in optimizing the cellular immune function when used after radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope in patients.Methods Forty-one ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 50-64 yr,with body mass index of 20-25 kg/m2,of TNM staging Ⅰ or Ⅱ,undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope,were randomly divided into 2 groups using a random number table:PCIA group (n =21) and PCPB group (n =20).PCIA solution contained sufentanil 2 μg/kg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCIA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 2 ml/h.In PCPB group,the patients received paravertebral injection of 0.2％ ropivocaine 5 ml at T5 level on the affected side under ultrasound guidance at the end of operation,and then received PCPB.PCPB solution contained 0.75％ ropivacaine 67 ml in 250 ml of normal saline,and the pump was set up to deliver a 5 ml bolus dose,with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 5 ml/h.VAS score was maintained ≤ 3,and analgesia lasted until 50 h after operation.Before induction of anesthesia (baseline),at end of operation,and at 1,3 and 5 days after operation,peripheral venous blood samples were collected to determine the levels of regulatory T cells,natural killer cells and natural killer T cells (by flow cytometry) and plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β (by ELISA).Results Compared with group PCIA,the level of regulatory T cells was significantly decreased,the levels of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells were increased,and the plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β were decreased at 1 and 3 days after operation,and no significant change was found in the rate of cellular immune function decline after operation in group PCPB.Conclusion PCPB provides no significant difference clinically in optimizing the cellular immune function when used after radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope in the patients.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of the serial position effect combined with delayed recall of auditory verbal learning test in diagnosing the elderly patients with different levels of cognitive impairment.Methods:A total of 310 subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups: the normal control group(NC group, n=128), the mild cognitive impairment group(MCI group, n=133)and the mild Alzheimer's disease group(mild AD group, n=149)matched for gender, age and education level.Comprehensive neuro-psychological tests were performed on all subjects, and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Huashan version(AVLT-H)was used to analyze the serial position effect.Results:There were significant differences in the primacy effect of the second and third time of immediate recall, short-term and long-term delayed recall among the three groups( P<0.05), but no difference was found in the recency effect between the MCI and mild AD groups( P>0.05). The long-term delayed primacy effect combined with the short-term delayed recall showed a better validity to distinguish those elderly subjects with different levels of cognitive impairment than other memorial indexes, and the correlative sensitivity and specificity were 83.21% and 71.43%(NC group vs.MCI group), 85.71% and 92.86%(NC group vs.mild AD group), 66.67% and 75.57%(MCI group vs.mild AD group), respectively. Conclusions:The long-term delayed primacy effect combined with the short-term delayed recall can assist in distinguishing elderly patients with different levels of cognitive impairment.

Objective To find out the incidence tendency and characteristics of bladder tumors during the past 28 yesrs in our institution. Methods The data from 1980 to 2007 were divided into three stages:1980-1989,1990-1999和2000-2007.Microsoft excel and SPSSl3.O were used to analyze the sex,age and histological types. Results There were 2350 cases of bladder tumors in 28 years.There were 92(66 males,26 females)cases of benign tumors and 2258(1788 males,470 females)malignant tumors,the incidence in male was 3.8 times higher than that in female.The cases of bladder malignant tumors increased,and the female increased faster than male.The peak age of incidence changed from 50-69 in 1980-1989 to 60-79 in 2000-2007.The average age of squamous cell carcinomas was 68 years,which was the oldest;and the average of paraganglioma was 35,which was the youngest.The age of urinary bladder carcinoma in 1980-1989,1990-1999 and 2000-2007 were significantly different(male:57.5±11. 7,62.6±12.3,65.9±11.3;female:58.7±13.6,60.75±12.1,65.85±12.0,respectively,P<0.05).In male,the age of squamous cell carcinomas was significantly different from the age of urothelial cell carcinomas and adenocarnomas(68.0±9.7 vs 59.85±14.1 and 63.4±9.9,respectively,P<0.05).Inverted papillomas were the most common bladder benign tumors;urothelial cell carcinomas were the most common bladder malignant tumors,and adenocarcinomas were the second,squamous cell carcinomas were the third. Conclusion The incidence of bladder malignant carcinomas in our institution increased and the female increased more quickly than male.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Young Adult

This study aims to establish a method to determine the serum acetaminophen concentration based on diazo reaction, and apply it in the gastric emptying evaluation. Theoretically, acetaminophen could take hydrolysis reaction in hydrochloric acid solution to produce p-aminophenol, which could then take diazo reaction resulting in a product with special absorption peak at 312 nm. Then the serum acetaminophen concentration and recovery rate were calculated according to the standard curve drawn with absorbance at 312 nm. ICR mice were given a dose of acetaminophen (500 mg x kg(-1)) by gavage and the serum acetaminophen was dynamically measured through the diazo reaction. Besides, ICR mice were subcutaneously injected with the long-acting GLP-1 analog GW002 before the gavage of acetaminophen, and serum acetaminophen concentration was measured as above to study how GW002 could influence the gastric emptying. The data showed acetaminophen ranging from 0 to 160 μg x mL(-1) could take diazo reaction with excellent linear relationship, and the regression equation was y = 0.0181 x +0.0104, R2 = 0.9997. The serum acetaminophen was also measured with good linear relationship (y = 0.0045 x + 0.0462, R = 0.9982) and the recovery rate was 97.4%-116.7%. The serum concentration of acetaminophen reached peak at about 0.5 h after gavage, and then gradually decreased. GW002 could significantly lower the serum acetaminophen concentration and make the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) decrease by 28.4%. In conclusion, a method for the determination of serum acetaminophen based on the diazo reaction was established with good accuracy and could be used in the evaluation of gastric emptying.
Acetaminophen ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Aminophenols ; Animals ; Gastric Emptying ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR

Objective To analyze the influence of adenovirus latent infection on gamma-glutamylcysteine systhetase(γ-GCS) in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Methods The rat alveolar epithelial cells were stably transfected with the plasmid pE1Aneo and control plasmid. Glutathione(GSH) contents, the activity of γ-GCS were detected in oxidant stress. Then the leuel of protein expression, mRNA expression, and promoter transcriptional activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit(GCLC) were further detected. Results GSH contents decreased because of adenovirus E1A expression in oxidant stress. E1A repressed the expression and activity of γ-GCS, messenger RNA expression, and promoter transcriptional activity of GCLC. Conclusion Adenovirus E1A decreased the activity of γ-GCS probably by repressed promoter transcriptional activity of GCLC. As a result, GSH contents were downregulated in oxidant stress. Thus Adenovirus latent infection amplified the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in rat alveolar epithelial cells in oxidants stress, which may be an important mechanism of COPD.

Background Misfolding of Myocilin protein plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).GRP78 can transfer the misfolded proteins out endocytoplasmic reticulum and keep the protein synthesis function of endoplasmic reticulum.However the relationship between GRP78 and Myocilin in the pathogenesis of POAG has not been elucidated.Objective This study was to investigate and analyze the coexpressions of GRP78 and Myolicin in trabecular meshwork cells (TMCs) of POAG.Methods The trabecular meshwork tissues were obtained during the surgery of POAG and healthy donor for the isolated and in vitro culture of TMCs,and the morphology of the cells was compared between POAG-derived TMCs and donor-derived TMCs.The expression of specific factors for TMCs were detected by immunochemistry.The cells were divided into normal control group,tunicamycin (Tm)-treated group and staurosporine (STS)-treated group,and the cells were cultured by regular medium,the 1 μ mol/L Tm medium or 0.1 μmol/L STS medium for 24 hours respectively.The co-expression of GRP78 and Myocilin in the cells were detected using immunofluorescence assay.This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Xi'an No.4 Hospital,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.Results Primarily cultured cells showed the fiat star-like and irregular appearance with 3-5 processes,round nuclei,abundant cytoplasm and black engulf particles.The 3-7 generations of POAG-derived cells grew well,showing positive expressions of laminin (LN),fibronectin (FN),neuronal specific enolase (NSE) and Vimentin.Immunofluorescence assay showed positive expressions of GRP78 and Myocilin in the cells of the Tm group,STS group and normal control group,with the reddish and green fluorescence separately.Incomplete co-expression of GRP78 and Myocilin was seen in donor-derived TMCs,and complete co-expression of GRP78 and Myocilin was found in the POAG-derived TMCs in the normal control group.Complete co-expression of GRP78 and Myocilin was exhibited in both donor-and POAG-derived TMCs in the Tm group and STS group.In addition,accumulation of GRP78 protein around nucleus was seen in both donor-and POAG-derived TMCs in the Tm group.Conclusions GRP78 and Myocilin proteins are completely co-expressed in POAG-derived TMCs,inferring that GRP78 and Myocilin play an interaction role in the pathogenesis and development of POAG.GRP78 may play a cytoprotective role against the apoptosis of TMCs caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To study the differences in clinical characteristics and etiology in bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia,and provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 100 children with lobar pneumonia and 200 children with bronchopneumonia from Dec.2005 to Dec.2007.Antibodies of mycoplasma(MP) and chlamydia(CP) were detected with quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay of serum samples which were collected on addmission.On the second day morning,axenic sputum samples of laryngeapharyngis at pars were collected with onetime asepsis aspiration sputum tube by negative pressure for bacterial culture,and the common seven viruses were detected with direct immunofluorescence,and MP DNA,CP DNA were detected.The results and the clinical data and the characters of sternum were analyzed.Results Lobar pneumonia was more in the elder children,and the features were fever and cough in clinic,absence in physical sign of bellow,and inflammation of one pulmonary lobe in X-ray.Sixty-one percent of childhood lobar pneumonia had MP infection in laboratory examination.But bronchopneumonia was found more in infants and young children,whose features were cough,dyspnea and catarrhus in clinics,wheezy phlegm and stridor in physical sign of bellow,pulmonic shadow of spot and lamellar in X-ray.Bacteria were the most common pathogen in bronchopneumonia.Conclusions Lobar pneumonia was different from bronchopneumonia in age and clinic features and sternum characters of patients,and much more different in etiology.Bacterial infection was important in bronchopneumonia.But in lobar pneumonia,MP infection occupied 61.0%,which was different from traditionaletiology.Moreover,the MP infection rate in infant and young children tend to increase obviously.