Objective: To compare the effects of pericardium patch aortoplasty and pulmonary patch aortoplasty for treating the infants with aorticcoarctation (AC) combining hypoplastic aortic arch in order to provide a better surgical choice in clinical practice.
Methods: A total of 57 patients with AC combining hypoplastic aortic arch treated in our hospital from 2009-01 to 2014-12 were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Pericardium patch aortoplasty group,n=26 and Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group,n=31. The changes of the pressure gradient at post-operation and follow-up period were compared.
Results: There were 2/57 (3.5%) patients died, 1 in Pericardium patch aortoplasty group by pulmonary hypertension crisis, the other 1 in Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group by respiratory distress syndrome. No renal failure or neurological complication occurred in neither groups. The cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic clamping time, ventilator time and ICU stay time were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Selective cerebral perfusion time in Pericardium patch aortoplasty group was shorter than Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group (30.5 ± 8.6) s vs (35.6 ± 10.3) s,P<0.05. By ultrasound estimation, the post-operative AC pressure gradients were decreased than they were before, as in Pericardium patch aortoplasty group (9.5 ± 7.5) mmHg vs (39.9 ± 15.5) mmHg and in Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group (11.8 ± 11.3) mmHgvs (39.2 ± 14.5) mmHg, bothP<0.05; while post-operative pressure gradients were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Follow-up study was conducted in 51 patients for (17.6 ± 16.6) months, Pericardium patch aortoplasty group had 6 patients with re-stenosis, 3 of them would receive balloon angioplasty and 3 would be continuously followed-up; Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group had 6 patients with re-stenosis, 2 of them ifnished balloon angioplasty and their pressure gradients were obviously decreased, 4 would be continuously followed-up. Kaplan-Meier curves presented that Pulmonary patch aortoplasty group was superior to Pericardium patch aortoplasty group in re-stenosis occurrence during follow-up period.
Conclusion: Both pericardium patch aortoplasty and pulmonary patch aortoplasty were effective for treating the patients with AC combining hypoplastic aortic arch, the early post-operative efifcacy was similar, while the mid-term follow-up result was better in pulmonary patch aortoplasty.

Objective To study the expressions of IL-1 receptor type Ⅰ(IL-1RI) mRNA and IL-1? protein in the rat carotid body. Methods In situ hybridization,immunofluorescence double staining and Western blotting methods were used. Results The result of in situ hybridization showed that the positive signal of IL-1? mRNA was mainly located in the glomus cells of the carotid body.The result of immunofluorescence double staining showed that IL-1? protein also expressed in the glomus cells of the organ.The Western blotting proved that the IL-1? immunoreactive band appeared at 18kD,consistent with the molecular weight of the cytokine.Conclusion The glomus cells of the rat carotid body not only express IL-1RI mRNA,but also IL-1?.

Objective: To summarize the early- and med-term outcomes of modified Fontan operation in patients with functional single ventricle and separate hepatic venous (SHV) drainage. Methods: A total of 39 patients with functional single ventricle and SHV drainage received modified Fontan operation in our hospital from 2009-01 to 2015-12 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 26 (66.7%) male, the average age was (6.98±3.62) years, body weight was (20.79±9.66) kg and pre-operative mean pulmonary artery pressure was (9.77±2.51) mmHg. Based on if SHV combining Apicocaval Juxtaposition (ACJ), the patients were divided into 2 groups: SHV group,n=29 and SHV+CAJ group,n=10. The early (3 months) - and med (5 years)-term post-operative outcomes were analyzed. Results: General clinical data was similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. There were 20/39 patients with one-stage operation, 19 with two-stage operation (18 after Glenn operation and 1 after B-T operation). Modified Fontan operation method was mainly used extracardiac conduit-common open technique (30 patients, 76.9%). 19 patients had CPB with aorta clamping, CPB time was 72-446 (189.74±84.96) min and aorta clamping time was 26-171 (89.05±43.96) min; the other 19 patients had CPB without aorta clamping, CPB time was 60-209 (109.99±98.86) min. 10 patients received re-surgery due to early post-operative complications. 3 patients died at early post-operation with the mortality at 7.7%. The average follow-up time was 3.9 (0.83-7.17) years, 1 patient had cardiac function at NYHA II and the others at NYHA I; the 5-year survival rate was 100%. Conclusion: The early- and med-term outcomes of modified Fontan operation were good in patients with functional single ventricle and SHV drainage. Selection of modified Fontan operation method should be based on the distance form inferior vena cava to SHV and presence of ACJ.

Through an overview of the development of long-term care mode that combined medicine and pen-sion and the existing ethical issues, this paper pointed out that the future long-term care mode should strengthen the enthusiasm of public hospitals to participate in, reduce multiple management by government departments, es-tablish perfect laws and regulations and medical insurance system, enhance the responsibility of the practitioners and the general public, meanwhile, actively practice the principle of humanity and respect, fairness and efficiency, honesty and reliability in ethics, to provide new ideas and directions for the development of this model.

Atherosclerosis is a complex metabolic cardiovascular disease. such inflammatory phenomena as the invasion of lipid into the arterial intima and accumulation, the increase of foam cells, the exacerbation of inflammatory lesions, plaque necrosis and disintegration, ulcer bleeding and thrombosis, fibrosis and calcification, etc, are basic pathological characteristics of ather-osclerosis. In this process, macrophages and T lymphocytes play an important role. In recent years,atherosclerosis pathology re-search mainly focuses on the role of macrophage polarization.
Basically,macrophage can be divided into two subtypes: classi-cal activation macrophage M1 and alternative activation macro-phage M2. Therefore to paper reviews the meaning of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization during atherosclerosis, regulatory pathways and drug targets research status to provide new direc-tion for innovative drugs and disease treatment.

Adsorption ; Adult ; Aged ; Bilirubin ; blood ; isolation & purification ; Cellulose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; therapy ; Male ; Membranes, Artificial ; Middle Aged ; Polyethyleneimine ; chemistry ; Serum Albumin ; analysis

Objective To investigate genetic polymorphisms of HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 STR loci in Tianjin Han female population, and to provide experimental data in the prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies accurately and rapidly. Methods A total of 150 blood samples were collected in Tianjin Han population. QF-PCR and capillary electrophoresis were used in this study. The relevant data were analyzed by ABI Prism GeneMapper v3.0 software. Two homozygotes were se?lected from each locus for sequencing. The frequencies of the genotypes were checked using Chi-square test to verify Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Data of genetic polymorphisms were calculated by PowerStatsV12 software. Results A total of 150 samples were successfully amplified in 24 hours. The 10, 6 and 10 alleles and 22, 12 and 29 genotypes were found respec?tively in HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 loci. The most common alleles were 14, 13 and 14. The higher frequencies of gen?otypes were 14-14, 12-13 and 13-14. No significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed in these three STR loci (χ2=10.554, 5.783 and 15.355, respectively, P>0.05). Values of He were 0.748, 0.649 and 0.806 for these three STR loci respectively. Values of Ho were 0.607, 0.700 and 0.713 respectively. Values of PIC were 0.706, 0.599 and 0.775 respectively. Values of PD were 0.894, 0.814 and 0.931 respectively. And values of PE were 0.299, 0.428 and 0.449 respectively. Conclusion HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 STR loci were highly polymorphic, which are favorable genetic markers on chromosome X and can be used in rapid prenatal genetic diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide-loaded CalliSpheres beads (CBATO) in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of rabbits with VX2 liver tumor. MethodsA total of 120 tumor-bearing rabbits were divided into control group, CalliSpheres beads (CB) group (blank beads for TACE), CBATO group, and conventional TACE (cTACE) group (arsenic trioxide lipiodol for TACE) using a random number table, with 30 rabbits in each group. Five rabbits in each group were sacrificed at 12 hours and on days 3, 7, and 14 after TACE, and immunohistochemistry was used to measure the proliferation index and apoptosis percentage of tumor cells in the residual tumor area. The tumor necrotic volume was measure on day 7 after TACE, and the growth rate and necrosis rate of tumor cells were calculated. Ten rabbits were randomly selected from each group for the observation of survival time. An analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups; the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate survival time, and the log-rank test was used for comparison. ResultsOn day 7 after TACE, the CBATO group had a significantly lower growth rate and a significantly higher necrosis rate of tumor cells than the cTACE group, the CB group, and the control group (all P＜0.05). At each time point after TACE, there were significant differences in the proliferation index and apoptosis percentage of tumor cells between the CBATO group and the other three groups (all P＜0.05). The median survival time was 26 days in the CBATO group, 18.5 days in the CB group, 22 days in the cTACE group, and 15.5 days in the control group, and the CBATO group had a significantly longer survival time than the other three groups (χ2=3.95, 8.99, and 13.47, P=0.049, P=0.003, and P＜0.01). ConclusionCBATO has a better effect than cTACE and CB in the treatment of rabbits with VX2 liver tumor and can significantly improve tumor necrosis rate, promote the apoptosis of tumor cells, and prolong the survival time of experimental animals.

OBJECTIVEMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow are capable of differentiating into cells of different tissue lineages such as bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue and are the best candidates for tissue engineering. It is well accepted that umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a source for hematopoietic stem cells. However, controversy exists as to whether UCB contains MSCs and can serve as a source of MSCs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the biological characteristics and inducing differentiation ability of in vitro expanded UCB MSCs.

METHODSUCB was collected on normal full term delivery of infants with informed consent (n = 35) obtained from the mothers. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from UCB by gravity centrifugation and cultured with DMEM including 10% fetal bovine serum. The morphology was observed under microscope per day. Cytochemical staining was carried out and flow cytometry was used to examine the surface antigen phenotype. Fifth passage cells were transferred into a different medium and osteogenic differentiation, adipogenic differentiation, and neurogenic differentiation were assessed.

RESULTSMSCs could be isolated and cultured from MNCs of a few UCB sources. These cells displayed fibroblast-like morphology. They withstood over 20 passages without significant structural changes. These MSCs were negative for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and positive for alpha-naphthol butyric acid esterase (NBE) staining. Expression of CD(29), CD(44)and CD(105), especially the human MSCs-specific markers SH-2 and SH-3 were observed, but CD(3), CD(14), CD(19), CD(34) and CD(45) could not be found, indicating that these cells were not of hematopoietic origin. Exposure of these MSCs to serum-free osteogenic condition, they could differentiate into bone cells and form mineralized matrix as evidenced by Alizarin red staining 2 weeks later. When these UCB-derived MSCs were cultured in adipogenic medium, morphologic changes in cells as well as the formation of neutral lipid vacuoles were noticeable as early as 1 week after induction and visualized by staining with oil-red O. Surprisingly, these MSCs were also able to differentiate into neuroglial-like cells. Morphology of these induced cells resembled that of neurons. Immunocytochemistry showed that they expressed Nestin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), but not glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

CONCLUSIONUCB does contain MSCs. These MSCs, which are multipotent, could be isolated and cultured from a few UCB sources. UCB might serve as an alternative source of MSCs to bone marrow.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the combined effects of orthodontic force and inflammation on the remodelling of periodontal tissues.

METHODSThe upper first molars underwent mesial orthodontic force on 48 rats suffering experimental periodontitis and 48 rats injected lipopolysaccharide, respectively.

RESULTSThe TNF-alpha protein expression in the compressed periodontal tissues fluctuated during 0, 2, 12 hours and 2, 7, 14 days stages, the OD value got to the peak in the compressed periodontal tissues in 2 days.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanical remodelling effects were hindered due to the circumstance of acute or chronic inflammation. The research suggests that the orthodontic treatment to adult patients with periodontal inflammation should be taken carefully.

Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Molar ; Periodontitis ; Rats ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha