Objective To explore the effect of open storage and peeling on the fluorine content of dried com in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of coal-combustion fluorosis. Methods In October 2006, 34 samples of freshly dried and 3-month old dried com were sampled in Zhenxiong county, Zhaotong city, Yunnan province. Fluorine content in corn was determined by combustion-hydrolysis-ion selective electrode method. Results The average fluorine content of freshly dried corn by coal-combustion was (4.29 ±1.87)mg/kg,and increased to (6.64±2.64)mg/kg after they had been openly stored for three months and the average content increased by 54.74%. But if corn was peeled off, their fluorine content decreased to (5.03±2.04)mg/kg at a rate of 24.25%. The amount of fluorine absorbed by the skin of corn was more than other parts of com during corn desiccation. Conclusions The inhabitants in coal-combustion fluorosis areas ingest less fluorine through dry com if they eat the peeled corn and take measures to keep it airtight and moisture-proof during storage thus reducing the harm of coal-combustion fluorosis.

[Objective]To compare the effects of continuous femoral nerve block(CFNB) and epidural analgesia(CEA) on rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty(TKA) surgery. [Methods]Fifty patients undergoing unilateral TKA surgery were randomly divided into group CFNB(n=25) and group CEA(n=25).All patients were received unilateral spinal anesthesia with 0.5% dicaine and given analgesia with 0.2 % ropivacaine with 1ug/ml sufentanil.VAS pain scores during rest and continuous passive movement(CPM) at each time point was recorded.Other parameter such as the angle of initiative flections,blood loss at 6 h post operation,the concentration of serum hemoglobin at 24 h,48 h and side effect were recorded.[Results]The VAS pain scores during test had no significant difference between two groups.The VAS scores of CPM at 24 h and 48 h in group CFNB were obvious lower(3.68?0.93 and 3.93?0.78) than those in group CEA.The initiative flections were similar at 12 and 24 hours after operation.The concentration of hemoglobin at 6 h after operation was lower than that before operation.After reinfusion it was increased but did not reach the level before operation.The incidence of side effects was not noted in both groups.[Conclusion]After TKA surgery,the continuous femoral nerve block can provide better pain relief.No adverse impact on rehabilitation movement of operated legs or blood loss and has less side effect.Therefore,it should be considered an alternative analgesia method after TKA.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Taoren Xikang pills and provide the method for the quality control and evaluation of the preparation. Methods Methanol extracts of ten batches of Taoren Xikang pills were analyzed with HPLC-UV method. Analysis was performed on C18 column (4.6 mm× 250 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water gradient eluted at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 203 nm. Results A standard HPLC fingerprint procedure was developed for Taoren Xikang pills with 26 common peaks. The similarity of 10 batches of Taoren Xikang pills was not lower than 0.9. Conclusion The method is accurate, repeatable and can be used for the quality control of Taoren Xikang pills.

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomally recessively inherited disorder of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism caused by the defective activity of branched-chainα-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKD). The disease is characterized by severe ketoacidosis, mental retardation, and neurological impairments. So far, application of tandem mass spectrom-etry and HPLC has allowed newborn screening and early detection, but some patients with variant forms of the disorder will escape detection. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment. However, the rareness of liver donation limits the liver transplantation. In this review, the screening, diagnosis and therapy of MSUD will be discussed.

Objective To establish an evaluation system of HPLC fingerprint of Wanbiqing Pills; To provide references for the quality control ofWanbiqing Pills.Methods Wanbiqing Pills were analyzed with HPLC method. Analysis was performed on Agilent C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile- 0.1%H3PO4 water gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 258 nm. Sample injection was 20μL. Standard fingerprint ofWanbiqing Pills was established based on Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (Version 2004 A). The similarity ofWanbiqing Pills from different batches was computed.Results A standard HPLC fingerprint procedure was developed forWanbiqing Pills with 20 common peaks. The similarity of 10 batches ofWanbiqing Pills was not lower than 0.98. Five peaks received chemical confirmation.Conclusion The HPLC method is stable and feasible and with good repeatability, which can be used for the quality control ofWanbiqing Pills.

Hemoperitoneum is not uncommon in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD)be-cause the PD catheter provides a window to the peritoneum.Gynecological associated phenomena account for the majority of cases.Intra-abdominal pathology of solid organs such as the kidney,liver,and spleen as well as the gastrointestinal tract is recognized.Unique to PD patients,hemoperitoneum may be associated with the catheter itself,uremic bleeding,or peritonitis.The choice of treatment depends largely on the cau-ses of hemorrhage.This paper reviews hemoperitoneum in adult PD patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the Clock T3111C and T257G gene polymorphisms and sleep epilepsy patients in Han population of Hunan province.MethodsThree hundred and eleven subjects with epilepsy ( sleep epilepsy group ( n =112 ),aperiodic group ( n =95 ),awakening epilepsy group ( n =104 ) ) and 300 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Genomic DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes by phenol-chloroform methods.The Clock T3111C and T257G polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results(1) Two genotypes(TT and TC) were detected in Clock T3111C.The frequency of Clock site T3111C genotypes in all of the people was 86.09％ (TT,526/611),13.91％(TC,85/611),0( CC),T allele gene frequency was 93.04％ (1134/1222) and C allele gene frequency was 6.96％ (85/1222).There was no significant difference in genotype and gene distribution of Clock gene T3111C polymorphism between sleep epilepsy group,aperiodic group,awakening epilepsy group and control group.(2)Two genotypes(TT and TG) were detected in Clock T257G.The frequency of Clock site T257G genotypes in all of the people was 85.92％ (TT,525/611 ),14.08％ (TG,86/611 ),0( GG),T allele gene frequency was 92.96％ (1136/1222) and G allele gene frequency was 7.04％ (86/1222).There was no significant difference in genotype and gene distribution of Clock gene T257G polymorphisms between sleep epilepsy group,aperiodic epilepsy group,awakening epilepsy group and control group.(3)There was an almost complete correspondence (complete linkage disequilibrium) of bases between the positions 257 and 3111.ConclusionClock gene T3111C and T257G polymorphisms are not associated with sleep epilepsy in Han population of Hunan province.

Objective To observe the impacts of Kechuanning on expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT 6) in CD4+, CD8+T lymphocytes of athma rats induced by virus, and analyze the mechanism of Kechuanning in treating asthma induced by RSV. Methods The PBMC was isolated from the peripheral blood, CD4+T, CD8+T lymphocyte was separated by immunomagnetic beads. The purity and activity of CD4+T and CD8+T lymphocytes were measured by using flow cytometry, trypan-blue dye exclusion test. The protein expression of STAT6 was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results The descending progress of the trial were supported by the purity and activity of CD4+T, CD8+T lymphocyte. CD4+T lymphocyte in the asthma model group were increased (P<0.01), however the increase of CD8+T lymphocyte were not significant (P>0.05). The expression of the protein of STAT6 in the treated group with Kechuanning decoction were decreased than that in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with Dexamethasone and Salbutamol group, there were no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Kechuanning decoction could decrease the protein of STAT6 in CD4+, CD8+T lymphocyte, thereby it could regulate the disorder of Th1/Th2, thus prevent and treat the asthmatic attack induced by virus.

Objective To investigate the effect of IGF-I on the apoptosis and the expression of survivin through the signaling pathway of PI-3K/Akt in colon cancer cell line SW480.Methods When colon cancer cell line SW480 was culfured,Western blot was used to detect the expression of survivin protein in SW480 cells after they were stimulated by different concentrations of IGF-I for different lengths of time.The phosphorylation of Akt in SW480 cells was determined by Western blot after SW480 cells were stimulated by 100 ng/mL IGF-I with in 2 h.Before and after the specific inhibitor LY294002 was treated in SW480 cells to block the pathway of PI-3K/Akt,the phosphorylation level of Akt protein was detected by western blot,survivin protein by western blot and cell immunofluorescence and the cell apoptosis rates of different treated-groups were measured by flow cytometry.Results IGF-I up-regulated the expression of survivin in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner in colon cancer line SW480(when treated with IGF-I for 12h,the expression of Survivin reached the peak and when treated with 100ng/ml IGF-I,the Survivin reached the highest expression level);IGF-I actived the signaling pathway of PI-3K/Akt of SW480 cells quickly(the expression of p-Akt proteins in SW480 reached the maximum level when cultured with IGF-I for 15 and 30min,but after that they quickly decreased);IGF-I induced survivin expression through the PI-3K/Akt in colon cancer line SW480;IGF-I could inhibited the apoptosis of SW480 cells through the PI-3K/Akt[use of flow cytometry for detection in the blank,stimulation and block groups showed the SW480 cell apoptosis rate was(5.18?0.415)%,(0.85?0.052)%,(3.15?0.411)% respectirely,with significant differences between the groups(P

objective To determine the existence of virulence-associated invA gene in different genospeeies of Leptospira interrogans reference strains in China.and to understand the alterations of invA gene transcription and expression of L.interrogans strain Lai before or after infecting cells.Methods PCR was applied to detect the invA gene of four L.interrogans strains belonging to four different genospecies and L.biflexa strain Patoc Ⅰ.The entire invA genes from the L.interrogans strains were cloned and then sequenced.The prokaryotic expression system of invA gene of L.interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai was constructed.Using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography,the target recombinant protein rInvA was extracted and purified.Rabbits were immunized with rInvA to obtain antiserum and the titer of antiserum was determined by immunodiffusion test.A model of L interrogans strain Lai infecting human embryo kidney cell line HEK293 was established to detect the alterations of invA gene transcription and expression of the leptospiral strain before or after infecting the host cells by real-time fluorescent quantitative RTPCR and western blot assay.Results All the four tested L.interrogans strains had invA gene whereas L.biflexa strain Patoc Ⅰ not.The similarity of nucleotide and putative amino acid sequences of invA genes from the four L.interrogans strains belonging four different genospecies were 99.33%-100%and 98.66%-100%,respectively.The constructed prokaryotic expression system could efficiently express rInvA and the immunodiffusion titer of rabbit anti-rInvA serum was 1:16.After L.interrogans strain Lai infecting HEK293 cells for 30 min or above,the microbe could adhere the surface of the cells.On the 30 min after the infection,the mRNA level of invA gene of L.interrogans strain Lai was remarkably upregulated,and on the 45 min after infection the mRNA level presented a peak value and then graduated decreased.On the 45 min or 60 min after L.interrogans strain Lai infecting HEK293 cells,InvA protein could be detectable but before infection or after infection for over 90 min the InvA protein expression was negative.Conclusion The invA gene is a unique gene for pathogenic L.interrogans.The invA gene of L interrogans has characteristics of cell-touched expression and transient expression,which may have a close correlation with adhering and invading host cells.