Objective:To investigate the optimal extraction and dripping pills preparation of total terpene constituents in platycladi seed. Methods:The extraction processes of ultrasound, reflux, microwave and homogenization were investigated by single factor tests. The effects of extraction time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio and extraction times on the extraction of total terpene constituents in platy-cladi seed were investigated by orthogonal tests. Orthogonal tests were used to investigate the effects of the ratio of polyethylene glycol 6000 to poloxamer 188, the ratio of drug to matrix, the temperature of liquid and the dropping process on the quality of dropping pills. Results:The homogeneous extraction was used, and the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the extraction time was 10 min, the temperature was 80℃, the solid-liquid ratio was 1 :10, and extraction time was once. The best preparation process of drop-ping pills was as follows:the ratio of polyethylene glycol 6000 to poloxamer 188 was 5 :1, the ratio of drug to matrix was 1 :3, the temperature of liquid was 80℃ and the dropping distance was 10 cm. Conclusion: The method of homogeneous extraction is simple, which can break the materials and extract the active ingredients simultaneously. The preparation process of dropping pills is reasonable and feasible, which is easy for the production and application.

Objective To evaluate effects of human papilloma virus(HPV)16E7 on expressions of six tumor suppressor genes(including MT1G, NMES1, RRAD, SFRP1, SPARC and TFPI2)in a cell line SiHa, as well as on its proliferation and apoptosis. Methods SiHa cells were divided into two groups to be transfected with a small interfering RNA targeting HPV16E7(E7SiRNA, experimental group)and an empty vehicle(negative control group) respectively, with SiHa cells receiving no treatment serving as the blank control group. After 48 hours, qPCR was performed to measure the mRNA expressions of E7 and six tumor suppressor genes, CCK?8 assay to evaluate cellular proliferative activity, and flow cytometry to assess apoptosis of SiHa cells. Results At 48 hours after the transfection, the experimental group showed significantly decreased E7 mRNA expression(0.25 ± 0.036, P<0.05), but increased mRNA expressions of the six genes(MT1G 1.403 ± 0.190, NMES1 1.720 ± 0.060, RRAD 1.390 ± 0.160, SFRP1 1.493 ± 0.120, SPARC 2.157 ± 0.144, TFPI2 2.060 ± 0.122, all P < 0.05). The proliferative activity of SiHa cells was significantly decreased(0.554 ± 0.130 vs. 1.028 ± 0.236 and 1.220 ± 0.126, both P<0.05), but the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(9.222%vs. 0.246%and 0.123%, both P<0.05)in the experimental group compared with the negative control group and blank control group. No significant differences were observed between the negative control group and blank control group in proliferative activity or apoptosis rate of SiHa cells(both P>0.05). Conclusion E7 may participate in HPV16?induced cellular malignant transformation by suppressing the mRNA expressions of 6 tumor suppressor genes, including MT1G, NMES1, RRAD, SFRP1, SPAR and TFPI2.

Objective:To examine the occurrence of seizures and perioperative risk factors in children after obtaining cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods:Electroencephalograph (EEG) and cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO 2) were monitored in 87 patients (aged 3 days-110 months, with the median at 4.4 months) and they were admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) from May 2018 to April 2019, with 77 patients for 72 h after CPB and 10 cases with clinical seizures after CICU discharge for 8-180 h. Clinical data were recorded every 4 hours, including blood pressure, central venous pressure (CVP), temperature, arterial blood gases, lactate, doses of Dopamine, Milrinone, and Adrenalin, and daily C-reaction protein (CRP) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP). Demographic data, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons-European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(STAT) mortality classification and clinical outcomes (duration of mechanical ventilation, CICU and hospital stay, and death) were recorded. Results:Seizures occurred in 24 patients (27.6%) within 48 h after CPB.EEG seizures appeared in 7 patients, both EEG and clinical seizures in 7 patients, and clinical seizures in 10 patients.Three patients developed epilepsy.There were 2 hospital deaths and both had EEG seizures.Patients with seizures had higher STAT categories, longer operative time and worse clinical outcomes (all P<0.05). Univariate regression revealed that the occurrence of seizures was positively related to adrenalin, temperature, lactate level (all P<0.01), blood pressure, CVP (all P<0.05) and CRP ( P<0.1), and negatively correlated with arterial carbon dioxide tension[ pa(CO 2)], ScO 2 and dose of Milrinone (all P<0.05). In multivariate regression, only dose of Adrenalin ( P<0.001) and lactate level ( P<0.01) remained significant. Conclusions:The incidence of seizures was high in children after CPB.Numerous perioperative factors that were related to seizures were identified.The most significant risk factors were higher dose of adrenaline and lactate level.Studies on neurological injury after CPB are urgently needed in China in order to reduce brain injury and improve neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Objective To observe the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in pancreas, and discuss its significance. Methods The pancreatic fibrosis model was induced by high fat diets. The rats were sacrificed 16 weeks later, and the pancreatic tissue was harvested for routine pathologic examinations. Pancreatic collagen fibrosis I was determined by HE and Sirius red staining;α-SMA and CTGF expression were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After pancreatic fibrosis, pancreatic lobules and acinar atrophy was observed, lobules gap was widened, interstitial fibrous tissue was significantly proliferated, the synthesis of pancreatic collagen fibrosis I was significantly increased when compared with normal pancreas ( 1500.2 + 255.8 vs. 57.4 ± 23.2, P ＜ 0. 01 ), the expression of α-SMA was significantly increased when compared with normal pancreas( 1500.2 + 255.8 vs. 57.4 + 23.2, P ＜ 0. 01 ), and the expression of CTGF was significantly increased when compared with normal pancreas (2950.5 ± 431.9 vs. 382.2 + 190.8, P ＜0.01 ), and there were abundant activated PSCs. Conclusions CTGF participated in the regulation of pancreatic fibrosis development; the function of CTGF was closely related to PSCs activation.

BACKGROUND:Isokinetic test system has been widely used to evaluate the muscle function levels Whereas.the reports concerning effect of sport training on the development of muscle strength of hip joint in college students using isokinetic testing are few.OBJECTIVE:To assess the extensor and flexor muscle strength of hip joints in college students with isokinetic testing system METHODS:Totally 40 volunteers,including 20 male and 20 female students were selected.Kinitech isokinetic testing system,produced by Australian Kylingk Company,was used to test the flexion and extension muscle of hip ioints as the sequence of centripetal followed by centrifugal.The test speed was 60(°)/s as slow speed,180(°)/a as middle speed,240(°)/s as high speed.Peak torque(PT)and relative values of extension and flexion muscles,total power(TP)and relative total power were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At the respective speed,PT and relative values of female students were greater than that of female students(P＜0.01).Atthe speed of 60,120 and 240(°)/s,flexor PT was smaller than that of extensor PT in male students,which was opposite in the female students,but the difference had no significance(P＞0 05).At the respective speed.TP of males were greater than that of female students(P＜0.01).In male students,TP and relative values of flexor were smaller than extensorat speed of 60(°)/s and 120(°)/s(P＜0.01),and had difference at speed of 240(°)/s(P＜0.05).Infemale students,TP and relative values had significant difference between flexor and extensor at speed of 60(°)/s(P＜0 01)and at speed of 120(°)/sand 240(°)/s(P＜0 05).At the respective speed,PT and relative values,TP and relative values in male students are all greater than females.These values decrease with the speed increasing.At the respective values,values of male students are bigger than females.

Objective:To summarize the ultrasound features of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and analyze its diagnosis value for MTC.Methods:91 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (103 nodules) in Department of Thyroid Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Apr. 2013 to Nov. 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 36 males and 55 females. Preoperative ultrasound features and serum calcitonin levels were recorded. SPSS 22.0 was used and the measurement data of normal distribution was expressed as ± s, and the enumeration data was described by ratio or rate. The comparison between groups was performed by single factor ANOVA and rank sum test. Results:83.5% (86/103) of the MTC nodules were located in the middle and upper thyroid gland. Hypoechoic accounted for 78.6% (80/103) . 81.6% (84/103) of them had calcification and 74.8% (77/103) of these nodules had abundant blood flow signals (color Doppler flow imaging, CDFI Ⅱ-Ⅲ) . 91.3% (94/103) of them had aspect ratio less than 1, 87.4% (90/103) were solid and 35.0% (36/103) had comet tail sign. The positive rate of preoperative serum calcitonin was 86.8% (79/91) . There were significant differences in shape ( P=0.001) , margin ( P=0.012) , cystic ( P=0.004) , comet-tail ( P<0.001) , lymph node ( P<0.001) and color Doppler flow imaging ( P=0.001) through comparing MTC nodules in different TI-RADS grades. Conclusions:MTC can behave as single, solid, hypoechoic, large round nodule located in the middle or upper thyroid gland, with thick calcification and abundant blood flow signals in ultrasound. The surrounding area may be accompanied with comet tail sign, and the probability of lymph node metastasis is high. The suspicious nodules screened by ultrasound can be further diagnosed by serum calcitonin.

BACKGROUND:Prostacyclin (PGI2) and its analogs have been reported to prevent pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and to reduce cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, clinical application of PGI2 is chalenging due to its short half-life (< 2 minutes). Thus, we have generated PGI2 expressing rat endothelial progenitor cel strains (PGI2-EPCs) that constitutively secrete prostacyclin.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effectof PGI2-EPCs against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
METHODS:Cultured H9c2 celsin vitrowere assigned into four groups: H9c2 cels treated by H2O2for 4 hours. H9c2 cels were pretreated by conditioned medium (colected form EPCs and PGI2-EPCs or colected form EPCs and PGI2-EPCs mixed with native EPCs) before the addition of H2O2. PBS instead of conditioned mediums served as negative control. The paracrine effect of PGI2-EPCs onin vitro angiogenesis of native EPCs was evaluated. MTT and Hoechst 33342 assays were used to examine the protective effect of conditioned medium on H2O2-induced rat embryonic cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cel viability. Finaly, the effect of conditioned medium on the electric activities of adult cardiomyocyteswas measuredby whole-cel patch clamp techniques.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When native EPCs mixed with conditioned medium of PGI2-EPCs, the total length of tubes was significantly longer compared with those mixed with CM of EPC. Rat embryonic cardiomyocytes pretreated with conditioned medium of PGI2-EPCs significantly reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis and preserved cel viability compared with pretreatment with EPC-conditioned medium and without pretreatment (P< 0.01). Pretreatment of rat adult cardiomyocyteswith conditioned medium of PGI2-EPCs abolished H2O2-induced early afterdepolarization and shortened H2O2-induced action potential duration prolongation (P< 0.01) towards baseline.Our findings indicate thatPGI2-EPCs protect against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury through paracrine action.ThisStudy providesthe groundwork for an innovative cel therapy approach to treat ischemic heart disease.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the split-hand sign in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS).Methods Ninety ALS patients, 41 patients with other neuromuscular disorders and 71 normal controls were recruited for conventional nerve conduction study.Compound muscle action potential ( CMAP) amplitude recorded from abductor pollicis brevis ( APB) , abductor digiti minimi ( ADM) and first dorsal interosseous (FDI), CMAP amplitude ratios, CMAP amplitude differences and split-hand index ( SI) were analyzed.Results The APB/ADM CMAP amplitude ratio was significantly lower in the ALS patients (0.44(0.44)) than that in the patients with other neuromuscular disorders (1.31(0.87);z=6.967, P<0.01) and the normal controls (0.99(0.42);z=7.687, P<0.01).The FDI/ADM CMAP amplitude ratio was significantly decreased in the ALS patients ( 0.79 ( 0.46 ) ) compared with that in the normal controls ( 1.23 ( 0.39 ); z =5.899, P <0.01 ).The FDI/ADM CMAP amplitude ratio was comparable between the ALS patients and the patients with other neuromuscular disorders ( 0.93 ( 0.62 );z=1.737,P=0.081).SI was significantly lower in the ALS patients (2.42 (3.14)) than that in the patients with other neuromuscular disorders (10.10(6.54);q=7.947, P<0.05) and the normal controls (17.93(8.32);q=10.827, P<0.05).SI <5.2 can help differentiate ALS from mimic disorders, with a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 96.43%.Conclusions The split-hand sign appears to be a specific feature of ALS.SI robustly differentiates ALS from mimic disorders and potentially facilitates an earlier diagnosis of ALS.

Objective To establish the median equation of second trimester Down′s syndrome (DS) screening maternal serum markers ,alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) ,in Xiangxi area and to investigate the influence of new median values on the local screening results .Methods The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA ) was applied to detect the serum AFP and HCG levels in 2619 second-trimester normal pregnant women ,the medians of AFP and HCG in each gestational week were calculated ,and the regression equation between gestational period and the medians of AFP and HCG were es-tablished by using the statistical software ,then the results were compared with the evaluation results of software built-in medians . Results Serum AFP level was positively correlated with the gestational week (P<0 .01) ,the HCG level was negatively correlated with the gestational week (P< 0 .01);the AFP and HCG levels were negatively correlated with the body weight of pregnant woman (P<0 .01) .Before correcting the body weight ,compared with software built-in human source serum markers ,the average levels of serum AFP and HCG in Xiangxi area increased by 6 .73% and 31 .54% respectively ,the differences were statistically sig-nificant ,after correcting the software ,the screening false positive rate was remarkably decreased .Conclusion The establishment of serum maker medians for second trimester pregnant woman in Xiangxi area can increase the efficiency of the second trimester DS screening ,thus effectively screens out the DS fetus in local area .

Clinical teaching plays an important role in the education of medical graduate students.In the clinical teaching of the graduate students of burn and plastic surgery,we based it on clinical practice and guided the students in changing their modes of learning and thinking from examination-orientedness to problem solving,from simple vertical to clinical lateral thinking.We made sure that they all acquired innovative ideas and correct methods of clinical research by various academic activities,and cultivated their practical abilities and medical virtues by strict training and moral education.