MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small,non-coding,single-stand RNA molecules which are composed of 21-25 ribonucleotides.They regulate gene expression at post-transcription and participate in many important biological processes including cell growth,apoptosis,viral infection and cancer development.At present,the studies on miRNAs in cervical lesion include miRNAs expression characteristic of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,the association with HPV infection and prognosis of cervical lesion,cervical cancer development,diagnosis and therapy.

Tooth extraction is a common operation in oral surgery. Traditional-extraction instruments, such as bone chisel, elevator, and bone hammer, lead to not only severe trauma but also unnecessary complications, and patients easily become nervous and apprehensive if tooth extraction is performed using these violent instruments. In recent years, with the develop- ment of minimally invasive concept and technology, various micro-power instruments have been used for tooth extraction. This innovative technology can reduce the iatrogenic trauma and complications of tooth extraction. Additionally, this technology can greatly decrease the patient's physical and mental pressure. The new equipment compensates for the deficiency of traditional tooth extraction equipment and facilitates the gradual replacement of the latter. Diverse micro-power systems have distinct strengths and weaknesses, so some auxiliary instruments are still needed during tooth extraction. This paper focuses on the various micro-power systems for tooth extraction and tries to compare the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. Selection and usage of auxiliary equipment are also introduced. Thus, this paper provides reference for the proper application of the micro-power systems in tooth extraction.
Humans ; Tooth Extraction ; instrumentation

Apolipoprotein M-sphingosine-1-phosphate axis ( apoM-S1P axis ) signaling pathway consists of apolipoproteinM (apoM), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR).Plasma apoM belongs to lipocalinsuperfamily members , and is mainly associated to high density lipoprotein( HDL), whereas HDL-cholesterol correlates inversely with cardiovascular risk .The ability of apoM to bind S1P is due to a lipophilic binding pocket within the lipocalin structure of the apoM molecule . S1P, a bioactive mediator of phospholipid metabolism , predominantly abound in HDL among all lipoproteins.S1P can not only be used as intracellular second messengers , but also as intercellular signal molecules, activating of G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR) to mediate various physiological functions.It′s clear that apoM protects human beings from atherosclerosis .Furthermore, recent studies showed that S1P has a significant impact on atherosclerosis , and ApoM-S1P axis may play a important role in the pathogenesis or progression of atherosclerosis .

Health problems caused by age-related hearing loss can not be ignored, and elderly hearing screening that aimed to detect early and intervene early is of importance. As one of the main screening tools, elderly hearing screening scales are rarely used in China, so the paper mainly reviewed the development and application of hearing screening scales for elderly and provided a reference for future research and clinical application.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment for insomnia focused on the balance of Yin and Yang of internal organs. As to the treatment, Chinese medicine has a variety of treatment methods, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, Guasha and so on. Besides, TCM also emphasized the importance to the comprehensive adjustment of life style and mental condition. This article summarized the clinical treatment forinsomnia from manyaspects, such as treatment according to the TCM patterns differentiationof internal organs, herbal medicine, acupuncture, life-style adjustment and other common therapies.

OBJECTIVE: To study an economics model to achieve the sustainable use of Chinese medicinal resources and solve the problem of the shortage of Chinese medicinal resources which restrict the development of Chinese medicine(CM) industry.METHODS:Taking the staple Chinese crude drug Radix Glycyrrhizae as example,the basic model in resource economics was used to analyze the optimal yearly digging(collecting) amount and reserving amount of the wild natural Chinese medicinal resource under the sustainable economics model,meanwhile the value of sustainable use of Chinese medicinal resources was taken into consideration in view of the ecological effect.RESULTS:Taking the ecological effect into consideration is of positive value for the sustainable use of natural resource,which should also be considered as an index in evaluating the value of future resources.CONCLUSION:Ecological effect is an indispensible factor to consider in the process achieving sustainable use of Chinese medicinal resource.

Bioethics evolved from traditional medical ethics impinges upon the sanctity of life together with its intrinsic logical fallacy and shows it in stark contrast with the concept of the quality of life,which fallacy has made end-of-life and other critical decisions hard to be materialized.The continuous development and progress of life sciences out of the constraints of old-fashioned and outdated faiths and theological considerations need to further the utilitarian appeals in order to promote both individual and social net gains in beneficence and benefits.Aiming at the Pareto Optimum,the social and individual value systems should be regarded separately,with the latter considered in a closed way,allowing for autonomy or self-determination in the evaluation of intrinsic values.In this manner,related morality and legal systems as necessary and unavoidable vices are expected to be improved and to serve and guide our medical practices.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical effect and safety of temozolomide (TMZ) combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant glioma. METHODS:58 patients with malignant glioma were randomly divided into TMZ-RT group(32 cas-es)and RT group(26 cases). RT group were given the therapy of 3D-CRT 1.8-3 Gy/d,and some patients received the hyperfrac-tion radiotherapy with total dose of 60-75 Gy. TMZ-RT group were given TMZ chemotherapy 75 mg/(m2·d)combined with radio-therapy for 6 weeks and TMZ sequential therapy 150-200 mg/(m2·d)for 4 weeks. Therapeutic efficacy and ADR were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:After treatment,in TMZ-RT group,9 cases had complete remission,11 cases had partial remission,10 cas-es were stable and 2 cases were progressive;in RT group,6 cases had complete remission,8 cases had partial remission,8 cases were stable and 4 cases were progressive. There was no statistical significance in short-term efficacy between 2 groups(P>0.05). The 1,2,3-year survival rates of TMZ-RT group were 81.3%(26/32),78.1%(25/32) and 62.5%(20/32),while those of RT group were 84.6%(22/26),34.6%(9/26)and 15.4%(4/26). There were statistical significance in 2,3-year survival rates between 2 groups (P<0.05). Median recurrent time of TMZ-RT group was (23.2 ± 8.6) months,while that of RT group was (15.6 ± 8.7) months,with statistical significance(P<0.05). According to the KPS,TMZ-RT group was(89.6±9.6)and RT group(65.1±10.1), with statistical significance (P<0.01). The side effect of 2 groups were slight. CONCLUSIONS:Radiotherapy combined with TMZ can significantly improve the survival rates of 2 and 3-year and delay the tumor recurrent time,and lighter adverse reaction. It can be used as new therapy method for malignant glioma. But it needs further study for treating the malignant glioma patients with osteomyelitis or low immune function.

Objective To study the effect of community nursing and family members′participation on rehabilitation of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods Forty-two patients with cerebral infarction discharged from our hospital was chosen to take community rehabilitation training. The scores by modified Barthel index (MBI) and functional comprehensive assessment (FCA) before intervention were compared to those after intervention at the time points of pre-intervention and 1 month , three months after intervention. Results The scores by modified Barthel index (MBI) and functional comprehensive assessment (FCA) before intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention (P<0.01). The scores by MBI 1 month after intervention were significantly higher than those three months after intervention (P<0.01), indicating the longer the rehabilitation training, the better the effect. Conclusion The community rehabilitation care to patients with cerebral infarction sequelae can improve the quality of rehabilitation training and finally their quality of life.

Objective To explore the expression of Ang -2 and CD105 in breast cancer and their po-tential associations with the cancerization and progression of breast cancer .Methods Thirty patients with breast cancer ( cancerous tissue ) ,15 intraductal papilloma cases ( precancer tissue ) and 15 normal breast tissue were col-lected for each group ,respectively .Immunohistochemistry ,western blot and RT-PCR techniques were used to ex-amine the expressions of Ang -2 and CD105 in cancerous breast tissue ,precancer breast tissue and normal breast tissue at both protein and mRNA levels .The possible correlations of Ang -2 and CD105 expression with clinico-pathological characteristics of the breast cancer were analyzed .Results The expressions of CD105 and Ang-2 in cancer and precancer tissues were higher than in normal tissues at both protein and mRNA levels ,and the trend of their expressions was increased from normal to precancer ,and cancer tissue .The expressions of CD 105 and Ang-2 protein and mRNA were positively correlated with tumor size ,invasion,lymph node metastasis,and negatively correlated with the differentiation of the cancer .Conclusion CD105 and Ang-2 are involved in the canceriza-tion and pregression of breast cancer .These two biomarkers can serve as two useful indicators in assisting diagno-sis and prognosis of breast cancer .