Breast Neoplasms ; blood supply ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, MDR ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mutation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mammography ; methods ; trends ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis

Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; analysis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Objective To analyze the clinical nusing care methods and effects of patients complicated with tuberculosis during pregnancy or puerperal state.Methods Clinical data of 39 cases of patients complicated with tuberculosis during pregnancy or puerperal state were retrospective analyzed.Results After comprehensive treatment and nursing care,4 cases died,others got good prognosis.Conclusions Meticulous treatment and nursing can promote the rehabilitation of patients complicated with tuberculosis during pregnancy or puerperal state.For these patients,the cure rate can be improved and the recurrence rate can be reduced by choosing suitable treatment and nursing care programs,paying attention to psychological care and health education,ensuring patients taking medicine regularly.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL) is a subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma,clinically characterized with systemic symptoms and aggressive behaviours. To date, the standard approach for treating patients with AITL is still unknown. Combination chemotherapy regimens have failed to significantly improve prognosis and durably maintain the remission. Targeted drugs and immunomodulator agents could not conclude the role because of the small number of patients in these studies. High dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation and allogeneic hematologic stem cell transplantation are both comparatively efficient.High dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation has many risks, such as higher relapse rate and long-term secondary tumor. Owing to higher transplant related mortality , allogeneic hematologic stem cell transplantation will be further explored. This review presents the status of treatment study in AITL.

Biomedical Research ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; physiopathology

The link between micro- and macro-parameters for radiation interactions that take place in living biological systems is described in this paper. Meanwhile recent progress and development in microdosimetry and nanodosimetry are introduced, including the methods to measure and calculate these micro- or nano-parameters. The relationship between radiobiology and physical quantities in microdosimetry and nanodosimetry was presented. Both the current problems on their applications in radiation protection and radiotherapy and the future development direction are proposed.
Humans ; Physics ; Radiation Protection ; Radiobiology ; Radiometry

Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Surgery, Plastic

Objective　To explore the mechanism of enhancing killing activities of tumor cell-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) by IL-4 gene modification. Methods　IL-4 gene was introduced into human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2 cells using retroviral vector pL-IL-4-SN. Wild HepG2 and IL-4 gene-modified tumor cells were used to induce CTL responses, and cellular surface molecules were evaluated using flow cytometry. Results　The killing activities of tumor cell-specific CTL in IL-4 gene-modified groups were increased from (11.2±2.7)% to (72.5±12)%, which was about seven fold higher than CTL killing activities induced by HepG2 cells (P<0.01). High levels of expression of MHC class Ⅱ antigens as well as the co-stimulatory molecules B7-1 and ICAM-1 were found in IL-4 gene-transferred tumor cells. The expression of MHC class Ⅰwas not affected by IL-4 gene modification. The expression of cell surface molecules induced by IL-4 gene-modified tumor vaccines were completely abrogated through using anti-IL-4 McAb. A significant increase of IL-2 secretions was found during the induction of CTL responses when IL-4 gene-modified tumor cells were used as stimulatory cells. IL-2 secretion and CTL responses were inhibited by anti-IL-4 or anti-surface molecule McAb. Conclusion　IL-4 gene modification enhanced tumor cell-specific CTL killing activities through induction of the expression of cellular surface molecules and facilitation of IL-2 secretion.