Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare malignancy with peculiar clinical and biologic features,aggressive course,and unsatisfactory outcome.the particular microenvironment of this malignancy,and sanctuary sites where tumor cells grow undisturbed, strongly affects treatment efficacy. The execution of prospective trials is also difficult because of the rarity of the tumor and the impaired general condition and poor performance status of patients. Chemotherapy is indispensable for the treatment of PCNSL. High-dose methotrexate is the most effctive drug.PCNSL is sensitive to irradiation,but responses to radiotherapy alone are short-lived. MTX-based chemotherapy followed by whole-brain radiotherapy prolonged survival but is associated with delayed neurotoxicity especially in patients older than 60 years. A new approach is attempted to treat PCNSL with chemotherapy alone with defered radiotherapy in old patients with similar survival rencenfly. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation HDC/ASCT yielded promising results for recurent PCNSL.Clinical investigation with Temozolomide or rituximab have been reported.Further studies with these new drugs are needed.

Objective:To study the effect and influence factor analysis of DLBCL patient with early stage who receive radiotherapy after chemotherapy.Methods: 374 cases of patients with DLBCL was selected from January 2010 to December 2015 in our hospital. By random number table method, the patients were divided into CHOP group (n=104), R-CHOP+RT group (n=93), R-CHOP group (n=80), CHOP+RT group (n=97). CHOP chemotherapy was given to all patients, 180 patients received radiotherapy after chemotherapy, and 169 patients received rituximab. Survival rates were compared between the 4 groups.Results: The survival rate of R-CHOP group in 12 months, 24 months, 50 months and 100 months were lower than R-CHOP+RT group, but the difference was not statistically significant in twelfth months(x2=2.02,P>0.05). The differences of 24 months, 50 months and 100 months were statistically significant (x2=4.08,x2=4.03,x2=8.79;P<0.05); The survival rate of CHOP group was 12 months and 24 months was higher than CHOP+RT group which the difference was not statistically significant (x2=1.05,x2=0.22;P>0.05); The survival rate of CHOP group in 50 months and 100th months was lower than CHOP+RT, but the difference was no significant difference (x2=1.62,x2=0.03;P>0.05). Smoking index, whether the use of rituximab, the age associated with the survival of patients, the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: Early DLBCL patients with R-CHOP and radiotherapy combined treatment can be effective in patients with survival, while the use of rituximab chemotherapy, in addition to smoking on the prognosis of patients with serious adverse effects.

Objective To establish a method for detecting chimerism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using microsatellite polymorphism. Methods DNA was extracted from bone marrow or peripheral blood of 10 recipients and their donors, DNA fragments including 5 microsatellite loci were amplified by PCR, the polymorphism of PCR products was analyzed by PAGE and sliver staining, and the quantitative analysis of chimerism was performed using image analysis software. Results [WTBZ]The five selected STR loci had high polymorphism, and were suitable for detecting chimerism. The sensitivity of sliver staining was 90%. Conclusion Microsatellite polymorphism analysis based on PCR is a sensitive and accurate method to detecting chimerism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, but the sensitivity of sliver staining was not so good,so more sensitive methods should be used.

This paper studied on breeding selenium-enriched yeast by protoplast mutagenesis. A strain which the content of selenium is the highest is selected from thirteen strains yeast. The optimum conditions to form protoplast are lysed by 1 g/100 mL lywallzyme for 120 min, the formation and regeneration being 95.2% and 21.8% respectively. By mutating breed a strain of A1 which the content of selenium is 821 mg/kg and the amount of dry cell of 0.84 g/100 mL is obtained.

Objective To investigate the effects of inducible hypothermia on expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) in rat model of hemorrhagic shock.Methods SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into three groups:control (C),normothermia (N) and hypothermia (H).Exsanguination was carried out in rats by continuously drawing out venous blood (25 mL/kg) over 15 minutes to establish hemorrhagic shock model.Then,rectal temperatures of rats were maintained by body surface cooling to 32℃ in H group and by body surface warming to 38℃ in N group,respectively.After a shock period of 60 minutes,rats received the infusion of whole blood of their own and lactated Ringer's solution (1 ∶ 2) treatment for 60 min.Rats were warmed to 38℃ by body surface warming and monitored for 3 h after resuscitation.Hematocrit (Hct),base excess (BE),lactate (Lac),and glucose (Glu) were recorded before modeling and after different lengths of hemorrhagic shock period (HSP).The expressions of PGC-1 mRNA and SHP mRNA and the levels of their protein in liver were tested by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting,respectively.Results The H group had lower lactate levels and higher BElevels than the N group [(6.3±2.1) vs.(10.4±1.5) and (-4.7±2.5) vs.(-9.0±3.2)] (P＜ 0.05).At 72 hours after modeling,there were four survivors in the N group and seven survivors in the H group (P ＜ 0.05,Log Rank).The expressions of PGC-1 mRNA and SHP mRNA increased in N group.Hypothermia resuscitation down-regulated PGC-1 mRNA expression,meanwhile,increased expression of SHP mRNA.Both Hypothermia and Normothermia resuscitation increased SHP protein levels,but decreased PGC-1 protein levels.Conclusions Inducible hypothermia ameliorated acidosis and energy metabolism imbalance through adaptive regulation in PGC-1 and SHP.

Trypanosoma is a human parasite severely affecting poor tropical areas.However,current frontline drugs for Trypanosoma treatment have severe side-effects with decreased effectiveness.Based on the fact that aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is a bonafide drug target for several microorganisms,including bacteria and fungi,it is plausible that it may also be effective target of Trypanosoma.The Trypanosoma brucei leucyl-tRNA synthetase(tbLeuRS)was cloned,expressed and purified to develop an in vitro enzymatic assay system.The assay conditions were further optimized for the effective screening of tbLeuRS inhibitors thus establishing an anti-Trypanosoma drug screening system targeting tbLeuRS.The results indicated that this system can be employed for the effective screening of anti-Trypanosoma drugs with satisfactory specificity.In addition,this system can also be used for compound optimization,as well as IC50 testing.Using this system a series of compounds are identified that are effective Trypanosoma inhibitors without toxicity to human cells.Therefore,targeting tbLeuRS may represent a new venue for the development of anti-Trypanosoma drugs.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and hypoxia inducible factor1α (HIF-1α) level,microvessel density (MVD) in human gliomas.Methods ~(18)F-FDG PET scan was performed preoperatively in 41 patients with gliomas (including 23 highgrade and 18 low-grade tumors).The ratios of maximum standardized uptake value(SUV_(max))between tumor (T)and contralateral white matter (WM) were calculated (T/WM).Immunohistochemical stain methods were used to evaluate the level of HIF-1α and measure the MVD in tumors.Correlation analysis between SUV_(max) of T/WM and HIF-1α level,MVD wag performed.The t-test,one-way ANOVA test,Spearman rank correlation and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were calculated using SPSS 11.5 software.Results (1)The SUV_(max) of T/WM,HIF-1α level and MVD in high-grade and low-grade tumors groups were 3.39±1.43,95.7% and 44.13±16.1 vs 1.46±0.55.55.6% and 18.83±7.07,respectively.The difierences of SUV_(max) of T/WM,HIF-1α level and MVD between two groups were statistically significant (t=-5.921,z=-3.938,t=-6.745,all P＜0.05).(2)Among 41 gliomas,the strong positive expression of HIF-1α was observed in 8,mederate in 9,weak in 15 and negative expression was found in 9,SUV_(max) of T/WM and MVD increased with increasing HIF-1α level.The differences of SUV_(max) of T/WM and MVD among 4 different groups were statistically significant (F=7.41,P＜0.05).(3) The MVD of all gliomas was ranged from 9.76 to 94.52,which correlated with SUV_(max) of T/WM(r=0.759,P＜0.05).Conclusions The SUV_(max) of T/WM correlates with HIF-1α level and MVD in gliomas.Therefore,~(18)F-FDG PET provides preoperatively a noninvasive assessment of hypoxia or angiogenesis in human glionma.

Objective:To establish an analytical method for the identification of donkey-hide gelatin in Fufang Ejiao Buxue gran-ule.Methods:The identification of donkey-hide gelatin in Fufang Ejiao Buxue granule was established by rapid resolution liquid chro -matography (UPLC) coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry (QQQ-MS).Results: The characteristic molecular peaks of donkey-hide gelatin were detected in ten batches of commercial samples .Conclusion:The present method is specific , precise and reli-able, and suitable for the identification of donkey-hide gelatin in Fufang Ejiao Buxue granule .The method provides scientific reference for the study of quality control method for gelatin ingredients in Chinese patent medicines .

The strain of Cunninghamella echinulata 9980 was first selected with high aminoacylase activity . In three submerged cultures, the aminoacylase activity in the mycelial cell was compared . A number of factors have effects on the resolution reaction. The results showed that, peptone culture gave the highest aminoacylase activity with 680U/g.The optium temperature,pH,and substrate concentration were 55℃, 7.0,and 0.2mol/L,respectively. The ions in the buffer lowered the activity,but the Co~(2+) in 10~(-4)~10~(-3 )mol/L was necessary for its activity.

Objective To explore the methods and clinical value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in detecting rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) with head scanning probe.Methods A total of 12 patients had the ultrasonic examination through the rectum with the head scanning probe.Preoperative ultrasonic findings were compared with the pathological results.Results Of the 12 patients,the patients were divided into three groups,including 3 cases with low-degree severity,6 cases with moderate-degree severity and 6 cases with high-degree severity.The lymph node metastasis was not found near intestines.Rectal GIST appeared as a hypoechoic mass with clear limit、regular form and expanded growth under TRUS.The CDFI showed abundant flow in the tumor and TRUS had an overall accuracy rate of 75.0%(9/12)in the diagnosis of rectal GIST.The accuracy of TRUS in the staging diagnosis of rectal GIST was 83.3%(10/12).Conclusion The TRUS with the head scanning probe is of great value for pre-operative diagnosis and staging of rectal GIST.Rectal water window and felicitous check-up technique can enhance the accuracy of TRUS.