Animals ; Female ; Male ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Purpose To retrospectively analyze and summarize the image features of rare ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), and to provide basis for clinical diagnosis. Materials and Methods CT and MRI features of 30 cases of OCCC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Sixteen of all the patients underwent pre- and post-contrast CT scan. And 14 patients underwent pre- and post-contrast MRI scans. Results ① CT features: unilateral mass was revealed in 15 cases and bilateral mass was in 1 case. The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 8 to 23.7 cm, mean (12.86±3.96) cm. One mass was irregular, 4 masses revealed incomplete capsule, and 4 masses had septa in the mass. CT value of cystic part of the mass was 20-30 HU, and which of solid part was 28-53 HU. On post-contrast CT images, the septa and solid component of the mass showed marked enhancement and delay enhancement, while the cystic component showed no enhancement. ② MRI features: Unilateral mass was revealed in 13 cases and bilateral mass was in 1 case. The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 9.2 to 30.0 cm, mean (14.03±4.72) cm. One mass was irregular, 2 masses revealed incomplete capsule, and 2 masses had septa in the mass. The cystic component showed heterogenous signal intensity on T1WI, and high signal intensity on T2WI. There was no enhancement on post-contrast images. The solid component showed iso-intensity on T1WI, high signal intensity on T2WI, and diffused restricted on diffusion-weighted images. There was markedly enhancement on post-contrast images. ③ Blood supply of the tumor: In 8 cases, the branch of enlarged ipsilateral ovarian artery fed the tumors. In other 16 cases, the masses were surrounded by enlarged ipsilateral ovarian vein. Conclusion The characteristic CT and MRI features of OCCC include: a cystic solid mass with complete capsule; the solid component projects into the cavity, which could be hypervascular and marked enhanced.

The aims of this paper were to define (1) criteria of cerebral palsy; (2) classification of cerebral palsy; (3) etiology, neuroimaging, and epidemiology of cerebral palsy; (4) different kinds of treatments of cerebral palsy. Data were drawn from an international survey of PUBMED (1994-2014) and CNKI (1994-2014). An expert panel used a consensus building technique. The10-point Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the trials based on the following items, including allocation sequence generation, randomization concealment, methods of blinding, and descriptions of withdrawals and dropouts. Our clinical experience was also summarized. Below is a summary. (1) Further work is warranted to reach agreement for the classification of cerebral palsy. (2) A worldwide prevalence of 1.5-4.0 per 1 000 live births, with an average lifetime cost of 1 million dollars per person in the United States, while it is 1.8-6.0 per 1000 live births in China. (3) Comparison of clinical efficacy of different treatments. In this review, the current advances in different kind of treatments of brain injury are discussed with specific relevance to cerebral palsy.
Cerebral Palsy ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; China ; Humans ; Prevalence ; United States

PurposeSpinal cord is one of the most frequently involved sites of multiple sclerosis (MS), which seriously affects the life quality of patients. In this paper, we investigate the application value of voxel-based morphology (VBM) and resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) in multiple sclerosis patients with single spinal cord involvement (MS-SSCI).Materials and Methods Three-dimensional T1WI data and RS-fMRI data were acquired from 20 patients with MS-SSCI and 20 normal controls, grey matter volume (GMV), changes of white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV) and local nuclei volume were compared between the two groups using VBM, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was regarded as the seed point and the functional connectivity about whole brain was compared between the two groups by using resting-state functional connectivity analysis, the relationships between MS-SSCI structure, function change parameters and expanded disability states scale (EDSS) scores were further explored.Results①Compared with the control group, GMV, WMV, TIV of MS-SSCI group were not significantly reduced, only the volume of some regions (bilateral middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus) showed significant atrophy (P<0.01); MS-SSCI exhibited increased functional connectivity (FC) in the left medial prefrontal cortex, left inferior temporal gyrus, left caudate nucleus and right supplementary motor area (two-sample t test, after AlphaSim correction,P<0.01, voxel size >40).②There was no significant correlation (P>0.05) between MS-SSCI structure change parameters and EDSS; while a significant correlation between EDSS scores and FC was noted in the left inferior temporal gyrus (r=0.633,P<0.05).Conclusion Both structural abnormalities and altered FC with PCC can be detected in MS-SSCI, but only functional parameters are associated with clinical abnormalities, which are more sensitive than microstructural changes.

Objective To investigate the difference between the blood pressure readings between sitting and supine position,and to study the factors that associated with the sitting-supine blood pressure difference in patient with diabetes.Methods We measured the sitting blood pressure first then followed by the supine pressure in 356 diabetic patients,using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer.Patient's body weight,height and blood glucose levels were also measured.Results SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the supine position than in sitting position in diabetic patients(by 3.5?7.6/1.5?4.9 mm Hg,P

The effect of triptolide on proliferation and apoptosis of human multiple myeloma RPMI-8226 cells in vitro, as well as the roles of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and IκBα was investigated. The effect of tritptolide on the growth of RPMI-8226 cells was studied by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechest 33258 staining and Annexin V/PI double staining assay. The expression of NF-κB and IκBα was observed by Western blot and confocal microscopy. The results showed that triptolide inactivated NF-κB apoptotic pathway in human multiple myeloma RPMI-8226 cells. Triptolide at nM range induced proliferation inhibition in a dose- and time-dependent manner and apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion in RPMI-8226 cells. Besides, we observed the inhibition of NF-κB /p65 in the nuclear fraction was correlated with the increase in the protein expression of IκBα in the cytosol. These results suggested that triptolide might exhibit its strong anti-tumor effects via inactivation of NF-κB/p65 and IκBα.

Though all the marketed drugs of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are structurally different, their inherent correlation is worthy of further investigation. Herein we rapidly discovered a novel DPP-IV inhibitor 8g (IC50 = 4.9 nmol.L-1) which exhibits as good activity and selectivity as the market drugs through scaffold hopping and drug splicing strategies based on alogliptin and linagliptin. This study demonstrated that the employment of classic medicinal chemistry strategy to the marketed drugs with specific target is an efficient approach to discover novel bioactive molecules.
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Linagliptin ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Piperidines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Uracil ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Objective To make comparisons of the three models of acute and chronic rheumatic carditis to find out an optimal animal model.Methods AntigenⅠwas a emulsifier mixed by complete freund’ s adjuvant( CFA) and Group A streptococcus(GAS).AntigenⅡwas mixed by incomplete freund’s adjuvant(IFA) and GAS.Female Lewis rats were randomly divided into four groups: A, B, C treatmeat groups were immuned with antigenⅠat the foot pad firstly. Subsequently, rats in group A、B、C were injected antigenⅠ, antigenⅡand activated GAS respectively to make the models of RHD.Rats in control group D were immunized with the same protocol outlined as treatment groups but without GAS. Respectively 7, 12, 24 weeks the rats were sacrificed 24 ( each group was 6).The blood biochemical item and Hematoxylin-eosin( HE) staining of hearts were detected.Results In group C the mortality was 25%.In group A, the incidence of carditis was the highest.Histopathological manifestations of group A, C was not only revealed acute damage such as inflammatory cell infiltrate as well as group B, but also the Aschofflike cells in the myocardial cells interstitial.But in group A and C there had a great degree of the inflammatory cells infiltration than group B.At 24th week rats in group A detected the rate and degree of valve fibrosis in chronic damage were higher than group B and C.None of rats in group D presented carditis or valvulitis.Conclusion In group A, giving the GAS with continuous stimulation after using the mixed emulsification of CFA and GAS to immune Lewis rats for five times was a appropriate method which could provide an optimal animal model for experimental study of acute and chronic rheumatic heart disease.

Objective To investigate the changes of the cervical spinal cord in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and relapsing neuromyelitis optica (RNMO) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to analyze its correlations with clinical disability scores.Methods Thirty patients with MS (MS group),28 patients with NMO (NMO group) and 20 healthy volunteers were imaged using DTI on a 3.0 Tesla scanner.DTI indices of cervical spinal cord from all participants were measured,including mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA),and the correlations between the DTI metrics and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores were assessed.One-way ANOVA,Dunnett-t test and Spearman correlation analysis were used for statistics.Results (1) The values of MD among three groups were different at C3 level for left lateral and dorsal columns,C4 level for the central gray substance and dorsal columns,and C5-C6 level for all structures.There were significant differences among them (F =4.006-36.814,P ＜ 0.05).The values of FA were significantly different at all levels (F =5.561-98.128,P ＜0.05).(2) Compared with the control group,the values of MD were increased and FA were decreased for both MS and NMO groups,there were significant differences among them (t =-0.320-3.138,P ＜0.05).In MS and NMO groups,there were no significant differences of MD (t =-1.183-0.069,P ＞0.05),while the FA at C4-C6 levels (including the central gray substance,dorsal columns,right lateral columns and left lateral columns) for NMO group were 0.57 ± 0.09,0.56 ± 0.11,0.54 ±0.10,0.57±0.09,0.55 ±0.11,0.52 ±0.13,0.55 ±0.11,0.54 ±0.13,0.54±0.10,0.54±0.11,0.53 ±0.13,0.52 ±0.11 ;and for MS group were 0.67 ±0.10,0.68 ±0.10,0.68 ±0.10,0.70 ±0.12,0.68 ±0.11,0.69±0.10,0.68 ±0.11,0.69 ±0.12,0.67 ±0.14,0.68 ±0.15,0.69 ±0.14,0.69 ±0.16,and there were significant differences between two groups (t =-0.011-0.169,P ＜ 0.05).(3)Univariate correlations between DTI measures and the average EDSS scores were assessed.The MD at all levels showed significant positive correlations with disability scores (r =0.324-0.541,P ＜ 0.05),and FA significant negative correlated with disability scores (r =-0.632--0.294,P ＜ 0.05),except C4 level for lateral columns and C2 level.Conclusions DTI metrics are sensitive to cervical spinal cord damage in demyelinating diseases,providing an important way of distinguishing MS from NMO,and can be potentially useful quantitative biomarkers for monitoring the evolution of demyelinating diseases.

ObjectiveTo explore the values of 3D enhanced T2-star weighted angiography (ESWAN) in detecting iron deposition of the brain in patients with multiple sclerosis ( MS).Methods Conventional MRI and 3D ESWAN were performed in 22 patients with released-remitting MS(RR-MS) and in 22 age- and gender-matched normal controls.Both the magnitude images and phase images were available after post processing of the original ESWAN data post processing.The expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores of the patients were from 0 to 8.5,and the course of disease were between 0.5 year and 15 years.The manifestation of MS lesions was evaluated on conventional MR images and ESWAN images by two experienced radiologists with blind methods.The phase values were measured for MS lesions between the semioval center and periventricular white matter and the corresponding regions in the normal control group were measured as well The Wilcoxon rank test was used to compare the differences of phase values between MS patients and normal controls,and the Spearman rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlations among the phase values of MS lesions,EDSS scores and course of disease of MS patients.Results( 1 ) MS lesions were observed on magnitude images and phase images,respectively and together.Two hundred and thirteen(32.8％ )lesions were detected on both the magnitude images and phase images,164 (25.2％)lesions were detected on the magnitude images only,and 273 (42.0％) lesions were detected on the phase images only.A total of 650 lesions were observed on the ESWAN,which showed more 42 lesions than conventional images(608).Among 486(273 + 213 )lesions observed on the phase images,205 (31.5％) lesions were homogeneously hypointense,45 (6.9％ ) lesions showed hypointense ring,and 236 (36.4％ ) lesions were inhomogeneously hypointense.(2) “ Penetrating veins” were showed in 424 (65.2％ ) periventricular lesions.The “penetrating veins” showed dilated and prolonged in 198 (30.5％ ) acute lesions,thin and short in 208 (32.9％ ) chronic lesions.However,the “penetrating veins” of 12 ( 1.8％ ) chronic lesions in 5 stable MS patients were expanded and prolonged slightly.( 3 ) The average phase value of the lesions ( - 0.05 ± 0.08) in patients with RR-MS was significantly lower than that of corresponding to regions (0.06 ± 0.05 ) in the normal control group( Z = 22.30,P ＜ 0.01 ).(4) The phase values of MS lesions were significantly correlated to the EDSS and course of disease of patients with RR-MS (r = -0.98,0.99 respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionESWAN can be helpful in the evaluation and quantification of abnormal iron deposition in MS lesions,which provides important values for the pathogenesis and pathological study for MS patients.