BACKGROUND:Methylene blue can hinder abnormal pain conduction via the sensory nerve, and its mechanism is to block bradykinin-induced hyperalgesia and eliminate pain caused by local tissue inflammation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence of methylene blue solution on the lumbar spinal cord and spinal ganglia function of rats, and to investigate whether methylene blue is safe for treating discogenic low back pain.
METHODTotal y 120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groupthree experimental groups, a saline control group and a blank control group, n=24 in each group. Lumbar segmental dura was exposed in rats. In the three experimental groups, 0.2, 1, and 2 mL methylene blue were injected epidural y, respectively. The saline control group was subjected to the epidural injection of 1 mL saline. In the blank control group, there was no treatment. Six rats from each group were selected randomly and perfused at 30 minutes, 2 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours after injection, respectively. Then, the corresponding segments of the spinal cord and ganglions were removed. Hematoxylin eosin staining was used for comparing histological and structural changes under light microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 30 minutes, 2 hours, 24 hours and 72 hours after injection of methylene blue, the spinal dorsal side exhibited the structural integrity, clear boundaries between the white matter and gray matter, dense nerve fibers in the white matter, and round or oval nuclei of glial cells among fibers;dense nerve fibers in the posterior horn of gray matter;light-colored neuronal nuclei with prominent nucleoli;a bundle of nerve fibers among cellpopulations. There was no significant change in tissue structure of lumbar spinal cord and spinal ganglia between the experimental groups and the saline control group or between the experimental groups and the blank control group. Thus, the epidural injection of 1%methylene blue has no significant effect on the spinal cord and spinal nerve structures.

Objective To confirm the advantages resources of well-adapted Korean left-behind children,in order to provide reference for implementation of mental health for community left-behind children.Methods The research instruments included 4 questionnaires:The Left-Behind Children Resiliency Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List and SocioDemographic Characteristics of Respondents.470 Korean left-behind children were selected by convenience sampling method and the data underwent analysis by SPSS 16.0.Results Well-adapted Korean left behind children were significantly higher than the mal-adjusted children in resilience,social support,education level of guardians and contact frequency of parents with children.The frequency of life events and stress was Rower than the mal-adjusted children.Conclusions Advantages resources of well-adapted Korean left-behind children include:good social support and infrequent occurrence of adverse life events and stress.

Objective:Explore decoy oligonucleotide (ODN) technology targeted blocking STAT3 activation way effects on colorectal cancer HT29 cell growth,to provide experimemt basis for gene therapy of colorectal cancer.Methods:Using decoy ODN in vitro transfect colorectal cancer HT29 cell line,to targeted blocking STAT3 activation way.Fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry detect transfection conditions and efficiency,and MTT method detect the cell growth inhibition,Realtime RT-PCR and Western blotting test STAT3 in cells,the Bcl-xl and Caspase3 mRNA and protein expression.Results:STAT3 decoy ODN can efficient transfection into colorectal cancer cells,and is due to the nucleus.HT29 cell in the STAT3 decoy ODN,growth inhibition rate increased significantly,and mRNA and quantity of protein expression of STAT3 significantly reduce (P＜0.05),while caspase3 increase significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Named Decoy ODN targeted after blocking STAT3 activation way,which can effectively cut colorectal cancer cells HT29 STAT3 gene expression,and inhibit the growth of the cells.The mechanism may be related to lower the expression of STAT3 and the Bcl-xl and Caspase3.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status and related factors of health literacy of Korean-Chinese elderly patients with hypertension. MethodsStructural interview were conducted among 334 Korean-Chinese elderly patients with hypertension using general condition questionnaire,hypertension-related health literacy evaluation scale,and physiological and biochemical parameter of the subjects including SBp,DBp,height,waist and fasting blood glucose were measured. ResultsThe average score of health literacy was (85.0±71.6),while about two thirds (65.0％) had inadequate health literacy and about one quarter (25.4％)had adequate health literacy.Age and SES entered multiple regression equation of health literacy(Cum.R2=0.347). ConclusionsHealth literacy of Korean-Chinese elderly patients with hypertension was serious;age and SES were the important factors about health literacy.

Cutaneous dyschromia is a common problem of plastic and cosmetic surgery. There are not good methods to resolve this problem in present. The mechanisms of skin pigmentation process are not well understood. It is now recognized the correlation between melanogenesis and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Alpha-msh enhances activity and quantity of tyrosinase as well as stimulates melanogenesis, specifically to stimulate eumelanin synthesis by activating the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC-1R) on melanocytes. Alpha-msh stimulates melanocyte prolixferation, formation of dendricity, and transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes, It also protects melanocytes from the damaging effects by immunomodulation. Also, alpha-msh interact with other factors to affect pigmentation indirectly. Agouti signaling protein(ASIP) is a endogeneous antagonist of alpha-msh can induces pheomelanin synthesis by competing with alpha-msh for binding to the MC-1R.Follwing better understood the mechanisms of skin pigmented process, it will provide effective methods to resolve acquired human cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation.

Impaired ability to undergo apoptosis in response to a wide range of external stimuli acquires melanomas a selective advantage for progression and metastasis as well as their notorious resistance to therapy. Changes at genomic, transcriptional and post-translational levels of G-proteins and protein kinases (Ras) , their transcription factor effectors (c-jun,ATF2, stat3 and NF-?B) and upregulator of antiapoptosis gene (Bcl-2、Bcl-X_L、survivin、ML-IAP)affects apoptosis-induced of TNF, Fas and TRAIL receptors, which play important roles in acquiring melanoma's resistance to apoptosis. The complexity of the molecular variants involved in signal transduction along apoptotic pathways suggests that the cell may have a variety of possibilities for regulating apoptosis and generating apoptosis deficiency.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Qingre-Tongfu enema combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on the ventilation function of elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Methods:A total of 60 elderly patients with severe pneumonia with syndrome of excess of Yangming fushi from September 2017 to August 2019 in the respiratory department of the First People’s Hospital of Dongcheng District, Beijing were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with western medicine to control infection and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. The treatment group was treated with Qingre-Tongfu enema on the basis of the control group. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome score (TCMSSS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ) and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) were compared before and after treatment, The Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) was compared. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) was detected by upconversion luminescence immunoassay, CRP was detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA, WBC was detected by automatic hematology analyzer; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2), oxygen saturation (SaO 2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2) were detected by blood gas analyzer, oxygenation index (OI) and respiratory rate (RR) were calculated. The complications were investigated and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate was 96.7% (29/30) in the treatment group and 73.3% (22/30) in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.706, P=0.030). After treatment, the levels of serum PCT, CRP and WBC in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=15.359, 25.784 and 13.460, respectively, P<0.01); after treatment, the levels of SaO 2 [(93.18 ± 3.79)% vs. (88.78 ± 5.56)%, t=3.584], PaO 2 [(86.81 ± 4.01) mmHg vs. (80.01 ± 4.76) mmHg, t=5.975], OI [(285.53 ± 15.05) mmHg vs. (227.65 ± 12.37) mmHg, t=16.272] in the treatment group significantly were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01); PaCO 2 [(43.28 ± 6.84) mmHg vs. (48.83 ± 7.66) mmHg, t=-2.956], RR [(22.00 ± 3.79) times/min vs. (26.30 ± 3.73) times/min, t=-4.434] in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of TCMSSS, APACHE-Ⅱ, CPIS and PSI in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=41.310, 11.035, 8.399, 5.752, P<0.01). The treatment group in the course of antibiotics, mechanical ventilation time, hospital stay were significantly shorter than the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Qingre-Tongfu enema combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can improve the clinical symptoms of elderly patients with severe pneumonia, reduce inflammatory reaction, shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and antibiotic treatment, and improve the clinical efficacy.

Objective To study the expression levels of serum HSP70 and p53 in gastric cancer and its cor-relation with helicobacter pylori infection.Methods 50 patients with gastric cancer were selected as the research object.Among 50 cases,30 cases were stage Ⅰ -Ⅱ,20 cases were stage Ⅲ,22 cases were with lymph node metasta-sis and 28 cases were without lymph node metastasis.40 healthy subjects were selected as the healthy control group. The serum levels of HSP70 and p53 were detected.Results In the gastric cancer group,the serum levels of HSP70 and p53 were markedly higher than those of the healthy control group,and the difference was statistically significant (t =12.53,16.79,all P <0.01).Moreover,with progressing of clinical stage of gastric cancer,the serum levels of HSP70 and p53 showed a trend of increasing(t =4.68,5.29,all P <0.01).The serum expression levels of HSP70 and p53 in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those of patients without lymph node metastasis and the difference was still statistically significant(t =3.82,4.39,all P <0.01).The serum levels of HSP70 and p53 in the gastric cancer group with Hp positive were much higher,compared to those of cases with Hp negative and the difference was also statistically significant(t =4.72,4.17,all P <0.01).Conclusion In the gastric cancer patients,the serum expression level of HSP70 and p53 are increased.The expression of HSP70 and p53 are closely related to the progress and prognosis of gastric cancer and Hp infection.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of desflurane on the brain against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanism. Methods Ninety-six male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 24 each) : group A sham operation; group B I/R; group C desflurane + I/R and group D 5-HD + desflurane + I/R. I/R was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with controlled hypotension for 10 min. In C group 1 MAC desflurane (5.9% ) was inhaled for 60 min before I/R. In group D 5-HD 5 mg?kg-1 was given i.v. before desflurane inhalation. The animals recovered from anesthesia at 30 min of reperfusion. The neurological behavior was evaluated by the clambering test, the overhanging test, the inclined plane test and the beam balance test. Animals were killed at 6, 24 and 48 h ( n = 8 each) of reperfusion in each group and the brains were removed for microscopic examination of area CA1 of hippocampus for the number of normal pyramidal neurons surviving I/R. Results Neurological behavior was greatly compromised by I/R at 6, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion. The animals behaved significantly better at 6,24 and 48h in C group but only at 6 h in D group than in B group. The number of normal pyramidal neurons in CA1 of hippocampus was significantly decreased by I/R at 6, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion. The number was significantly larger at 6, 24 and 48 h in C group but only at 6h in D group than in B group. Conclusion Desflurane preconditioning has protective effect on the brain against I/R injury. Activation of KATP channel is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To probe into the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial sampling device in the detection of endometrial lesions by cytology. Methods Endometrial cytological examination was performed on totally 193 out-patients from January to May 2008,the results were compared with the histological results by diagnostic curettage (D&C). Results The sampling qualified rate of endometrial sampling device was 93.8% (181/193) while that of D&C was 99.0% (191/193,?2=7.412,P=0.006). Thirteen patients were diagnosed with endometrial malignant lesions by D&C. In these patients,the sensitivity and specificity of cytology was 69.2% (9/13) and 100.0% (166/166),respectively;and its accuracy rate was 97.8% (175/179). By D&C 18 patients were diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia,in whom the sensitivity and specificity of cytology was 27.8% (5/18) and 98.8% (159/161),respectively,and the accuracy rate was 91.6% (164/179). Ten patients were confirmed as having endometrial benign lesions without hyperplasia by D&C,for whom the sensitivity and specificity of cytology was 60.0% (6/10) and 98.8% (167/169) respectively,and the accuracy rate was 96.6% (173/179). The accuracy rate of endometrial cytological examination for 80 infertility patients with satisfactory sample was 100%,when the main objective was to determine whether the endometrial gland secreted or not. Conclusion Cytological examination by endometrial sampling device is feasible in the detection of endometrial malignant lesions and inspection of endometrium for infertility patients,but further discussion is necessary in the detection of endometrial benign lesions.