Objective To development a subjective quality of life of farmers and provide the evaluation of measurement tools of the the quality of life. Methods Established items library by policy learning,literature review, consulting experts, learn questionnaires, questionnaire surveying and interview, then about 536 farms and 332farms are picked out randomly as samples from Yunan and Henan provide,Item analysis,factor analysis and analysis of reliability and validity are executed. Results ( 1 ) Item analysis showed this questionnaire had satisfactory item discrimination,the correlations between items and total scores were significant,the correlation coefficient of items above 0.3. (2) Exploratory showed analysis find the factor loading range from 0. 425 to 0. 912 . Eigenvalue greater than 1, three sub-questionnaires cumulative total explained variance was 51. 603%, 50. 130% and 55. 676%. Confirmatory factor analysis had a higher goodness of fit. ( 3 ) Cronbacha' α coefficient range from 0.5989 to 0.9241 ,split-half reliability range from 0. 5897 to 0. 8936 and criterion validity range from 0. 125 to 0. 640. Conclusion The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a measurement tool for measuring the quality of life of farmers.

Objective To investigate the expressions of matrix metallopro-teinase-7 (MMP-7),basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)in NSCLC,and to elucidate the correlations among MMP-7,bFGF and MVD, as well as their relationships with cancer metastasis in NSCLC.Methods The expressions of MMP-7,bFGF and MVD were detected by immunohistochemical SP method in 80 cases of NSCLC and 40 cases of normal lung tissue,compare the expression of MMP-7 and bFGF in NSCLC and normal lung tissue,and then invest the rela-tionship between their expression and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.The MVD was investigated within the CD34 positive slides,check the relationship between MVD and the expression of MMP-7 ,bFGF in NSCLC, and also its relationship with histology type,differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Results The positive ratesof MMP-7 and bFGF were significantly higher in NSCLC than those in normal lung tissue (70.0% vs 1 2.5%,χ2 =35.276,P =0.000;65.0% vs 1 0.0%,χ2 =32.41 1 ,P =0.000).The posi-tive rates of MMP-7 and bFGF were also significantly higher in group with lymph node metastasis compared to those group without lymph node metastasis (83.0% vs 51 .5%,χ2 =9.1 39,P =0.003;80.9% vs 42.4%,χ2 =1 2.584,P =0.000).The numbers of MVD were significantly higher in cases with MMP-7 and bFGF posi-tive expressions than those in cases with MMP-7 and bFGF negative expressions (46.78 ±1 1 .1 1 vs 31 .1 2 ± 7.62,t =5.831 ,P =0.000;45.05 ±1 0.97 vs 34.77 ±8.56,t =5.364,P =0.000).The number of MVD in group with lymph node metastasis was also significantly higher than that in group without lymph node metasta-sis (61 .32 ±21 .61 vs 40.52 ±1 8.31 ,t =3.865,P =0.008).The number of MVD in staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ group was significantly higher than that in stagingⅠ-Ⅱgroup (55.28 ±1 5.64 vs 41 .73 ±1 6.48,t =2.531 ,P =0.01 3).Conclusion The expression levels of MMP-7 and bFGF in NSCLC are high,and the positive rates of MMP-7 and bFGF are correlated with the lymphnode metastasis.The numbers of MVD are significantly higher in cases with MMP-7 and bFGF positive expressions than those in cases with MMP-7 and bFGF negative expre-ssions.MVD is correlated with lymph node metastasis and the TNM stage.It suggests that the expressions of MMP-7,bFGF and MVD may involve in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC.

Objective To study the expression of liver X receptor (LXR) during the progress of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by wound infection, and its role in the lipid metabolism during MODS. Method The MODS models caused by wound infection were produced. One hundred Wistar rats were randomly divided into wound group (group T, n = 30) and MODS caused by wound infection group (group M, n = SO). The closed multi-fracture and extensive soft-tissue injury was produced in rats using jaw. After 12 hours, a thirty percent total body surface area Ⅲ (TBSA Ⅲ ) bum was induced in group M,and the rats were contaminated by pseudomonas aeruginosa. The levels of endotoxin ( LPS), alanine transaminase (ALT), free fatty acid ( FFA), TG, HDL, VLDL were determined before injuries and post injuries 24, 48, 96, 120 hours, and at each time point in each group, only 10 rats were determined. And at the same tune, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique was used to measure the gene expression of LXR. Chi-square test was used. Results The blood ALT and LPS levels in rats were increased slowly, the levels of FFA reached peak at 96 hours post injuries (P ＜ 0.05), the level of TG increased first and then decreased to the lowest at 96 hours, HDL dropped slowly, and VLDL decreased first and then increased. The gene expression of LXR increased slightly at 24 hours and then gradually decreased in group T, and the gene expression of LXR decreased more obviously in group M, and there was significant difference compared with group T. Conclusions ALT increased slowly, and was positively correlated with IPS post injuries. This indicated that infection aggravated the liver injury. The gene expression of LXRα increased in the early stage and then decreased in the late stage, LPS and LXRα were negatively correlated, which may cause the change of LXRα. The decreased expression of LXRα during MODS may contribute to dysfunction of cholesterol transport and fatty acid synthesis.

Objective Rapamycin (RAPA) is an anti-proliferative immunosuppressant and has been used to suppress rejection of transplanted organs. In present study, we observed the effect of rapamycin on epithelial-myofibroblast transition (EMT)of cultured HKC cells in vitro. Methods Cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HKCs) were divided into three groups: blank control, treated with TGF-?1 (1 ?g/L) and treated with TGF-?1 (1 ?g/L) plus rapamycin (0.1, 1, 10, 100 ?g/L). The protein and mRNA for ?-SMA and E-cadherin in HKC cells were determined by Western Blot and RT-PCR.The mRNA level of Snail in HKC was detected by RT-PCR. Results Rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-?1 induced ?-SMA expression and restored E-cadherin expressionin HKC cells in a dose-dependent manner. At a concentration of 100 ?g/L, rapamycin almost completely blocked ?-SMA mRNA and protein expression induced by TGF-?1(1 ?g/L). Rapamycin also suppressed expression of ?-SMA in HKC cells at both mRNA and protein level in a time dependent manner.We also found rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-?1 induced Snail mRNA expression in HKC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Rapamycin may inhibit EMT of tubular cells in vitro. The downregulation of Snail expression might be one of the mechanisms of rapamycin blocking EMT.

Objective To discuss the manifestations of MRI of enlarged iliopsoas bursa.Methods MRI features of enlarged iliopsoas buras were studied retrospectively proved by aspiration of synovial fluid under ultrasound guidance or surgical operation-pathology or clinical followed up and with typical MRI findings in 13 cases were analysed retrospectively.Results 13 enlarged iliopsoas bursas all located at the level of or part of the acetabulum sections in only one side(right side in 5 and left side in 8).The largest cyst was 7.0 cm in diameter.All of them appeared as round,oval,upside-down water drop-like or irregular multilocular cystic shadow and located posterolateral to the external iliac blood vessels and or femoral blood vessels,medial to iliopsoas muscle(tendon),and anterior to hip joint capsule.The cysts were hypo-or iso-intensity on T1WI and water-like high signal intensity on T2WI and markedly higher signal intensity on STIR,it was difficult to identify the cystic wall on plain scans.5 cases underwent contrast-enhanced MR scan,the cystic wall had linear slight to moderate homogeneous enhancement in 3,no enhancement in one and irregular multilocular enhancement in one who was with simple purulent synovitis.2 cases were simple synovitis,11 cases accompanied by hip joint disease.Conclusion MRI is of important value in diagnosing the enlarged iliopsoas bursa.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of taurine on the cytotoxicity of iohexol on HK-2 cells. Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to iohexol at different dosage (25, 50, 100, 125 gI/L) for 6 h and at the dose of 100 gl/L for different time(2 h, 4 h, 6 h). Then taurine (3,12,24 mmol/L) was coincubated with iohexol (100 gI/L) for 6 h.Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by Hoechest 33342 flurescence stains,flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double stains and caspase-3 activity by colorimetric assay. Bcl-2 and Bax expression were examined by Western blot. Intracellular ROS was detected by flow cytometry with fluorescent probe DCFH-DA. Results Iohexol decreased HK-2 cell viability and induced apoptosis in concentration-dependant and time-dependant manner (all P＜0.05). ROS was increased following iohexol (100 gI/L for 6 h) treatment (P＜0.05). Taurine increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis in dose-dependant manner. The cell viability levels in taurine intervention (3,12,24 mmol/L) group were significantly increased compared with that in iohexol treated group respectively [(88.00±1.00)%, (91.33±0.58)%, (95.67±1.52) % vs (76.67±1.53)%, all P＜0.05]. Apoptosis rate by flow cytometry were decreased respectively [(8.84±1.75)%,(7.86±1.82)%, (6.30±1.50)% vs (11.98±0.39)%, all P＜0.05]. Caspase-3 activities were decreased respectively [(1.33±0.10), (1.27±0.06), (1.10±0.04) vs (1.42±0.13), all P＜0.05].Taurine up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, and decreased the intracellular ROS (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Iohexol induces cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Taurine attenuates direct cytotoxic effect induced by iohexol. The anti-oxidative stress effect and up-regulated Bcl-2 expression may partly account for the protection of taurine.

The concentrations of prostaglandin in high mobility group box-1 ( HMGB1 ) and highsensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in serum and peritoneal fluid were detected in 76 patients with endometriosis (study group) and 30 patients without endometriosis (ovary cysts or uterine myoma, as control group). The peritoneal fluids were collected during laparoscopic operation, and the serum samples were collected before surgery. The HMGB1 and Hs-CRP concentrations in serum and peritoneal fluid of study group were significantly higher than those of control group, ( 8. 2 ± 0. 8) mg/L vs. (2. 1 ±. 0. 2) mg/L、 ( 14. 4 ±3.0) mg/L vs. (4.5 ±2.3) mg/L (both P＜0. 01);HMGB1 and Hs-CRP levels in serum and peritoneal fluid of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ endometriosis were significantly higher than those of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, ( 9. 2 ± 0. 8) mg/L vs.(6.7 ±0.7) mg/L,(18.7 ±2.9) mg/L vs. (11.2 ±2. 8) mg/L,(6.5 ±0.6) mg/L vs. (3.4 ±0.5) mg/L,(8.4 ±2.7) mg/L vs. (5.4 ±2.4) mg/L (all P ＜0.05). The concentrations of HMGB1 were positively correlated with Hs-CRP in endometriosis group (r =0. 72, P ＜0. 01 ). The results indicate that concentrations of HMGB1 and Hs-CRP may be of value in assessing the severity of endometrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations in incident dialysis effect on the prognosis of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods Ninety-three patients aged 65 years or older initiating hemodialysis were enrolled from Hemadialysis Center of Beijing Hospital from January lst,2007 to June 30th,2016.The duration time of HD of all patients was more than three months.Patients were divided into death group and non-death group.The clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations were compared between the two groups.Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the multivariate analysis to determine independent prognosis factors.Results The average year of patients was 74.2±6.5 years old with 43 months of median time of follow-up.The first two causes of death were infection (n =25,49.0％) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (n =16,31.4％).Cox single factor regression analysis showed that the older ages,diabetic nephropathy being the cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD),complicating with diabetes mellitus or congestive heart failure,the higher Charlson cardiovascular diseases score,ALB being under 35 g/L were correlated with poor outcome respectively(P＜0.05).Cox multivariate regression analysis indicated that older ages (HR =1.056,P =0.021),diabetic nephropathy being the cause of ESRD (HR =2.661,P =0.001),the higher Charlson cardiovascular diseases score (HR =1.675,P =0.010),central venous catheters being vascular access(HR=1.167,P=0.048) on incident dialysis were the main risk factors for mortality in elderly patients.Conclusion The older ages,diabetic nephropathy being the cause of ESRD,the higher Charlson cardiovascular diseases score,central venous catheters being vascular access on incident dialysis are independent risk factors influencing survival of elderly patients.

To explore the influence of glucose level of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) druing pregnancy on delivery of large for gestational age infants. This research selected 790 cases of patients diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM) , 478 cases of pregnant women diagnosed as normal glucose tolerance( NGT) from Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University in 2014 and followed up until they delivered. Single live births were selected, risk factors which had influence on offsprings, birth weight were analysed. GDM group had significantly higher rate of delivering large for gestational age(LGA)infants than that of NGT group(47. 30% vs 31. 30%, P<0. 05). Adjusting for confounding factors, it suggested that 2 h plasma glucose level of 75 g OGTT was an independent risk factor for the delivery of LGA infants, and 1 mmol/L glucose increment in 75 g OGTT 2 h plasma glucose level, mayincreasetheriskofLGAby29%(OR=1.29,95%CI1.05-1.58,P=0.02). The2hplasmaglucoselevelof75 g OGTT is an independent risk factor for delivery of LGA infants.

OBJECTIVE:To understand the knowledge about rational drug use(RDU) in inpatients.METHODS:An cluster sampling investigation was carried out by questionnaire at separate times and in separate groups in 2 419 inpatients in the hospital where the authors work. RESULTS:The majority of the inpatients were concerned much with the drug use,but lacked the knowledge about RDU and had much misunderstanding about drug use.CONCLUSION:The relevant measures must be taken to guide the RDU in patients and to improve the understanding of RDU.