In the teaching reform of cytobiology,we should first formulate a reasonable syllabus according to training goals,pay attention to course content reform,strengthen connection with other preclinical medicine subjects,combine quality-oriented education in class instruction,and cultivate students scientific and original spirit.The experimental courses should be offered from higher level and be conformed with subject development.The teacher should have innovative thinking,adopt diversified teaching methods,and fully arouse students' study enthusiasm.

Tripterygium Hypoglaucum Hutch and Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook.f are all Evonymus alata family Tripterygium Wilfordii genus plants.They are generally used in the clinical treatment in department of dermatology.They resemble each other not only in some chemical constitutions,but also in some pharmacologic actions(such as anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,immune suppression,antifertility and so on),but they are all poisonous plants.When they are used for therapy,they can induce some toxic reactions,even the death of patients.In order to facilitate the adoption of the two drugs,we review their pharmacologic actions.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum concentration of amiodarone and QT dispersion.Methods The serum concentration of Am and DEA were determined by HPLC during the treatment in forty Patients to study the relationship between the serum concentration and QTd.Results After using amiodarone,QT interval was significantly increased[(383±31)ms vs(418±29)ms,P＜0.05].In the same time QTd was significantly decreased[(34±12)ms vs(21±9)ms,P＜0.05].With maintaining dosage,the serum concentration of DEA had positive relationship with the increment of QT(r=0.50,P＜0.05).While with loading dosage,the serum concentration of amiodarone had no relationship with it.The serum concentration of amiodarone had no relationshiP with the decrement of QTd in all patients.And it varied in a large range.Between the groups of different therapeutic effect,the serum concentration had no statistical difference.Two patients appeared the adverse effects.Their serum concentration of amiodarone weren't higher than the average concentration of the group.Conclusion The serum concentration of amiodarone couldn't be an index tO estimate the effect and the occurrence of adverse effects.

A new method of the separation of hydrocarbons and glycerides in liver oil of Mustelus jriseas was designed. The Waters Prep-500A Liquid Chromatograph with silica gel column and differential refractive index detector was used. The mobile phase was petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The pure hydrocarbons' and glycerides were obtained from the liver oil.

Objective To probe into the application feature and use tendency of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections in our hospital;To evaluate rational drug use and provide reference for related researches. Methods TCM injections in our hospital during 2010-2012 were analyzed by employing the analytic method of defined daily dose, with a purpose to evaluate frequency of drug use and rationality of medication expenses. Results From 2010 to 2012, drug possession rate of TCM injections in our hospital was 4.07%-4.47%;the amount of medication accounted for 10.50%to 12.69%of the amount of all drugs;the annual growth rate increased significantly, among which TCM injections used for removing blood stasis took the lead;frequency of drug use rose annually;medication synchrony in 3 years indicated that daily expensesof Shenkang Injection, Aidi Injection, salvianolateinjection, safflor yellow sodium chloride injection and other TCM injections were on the high side. Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, TCM injections in the clinical application in our hospital were of relatively high frequency, and the TCM injections used for removing blood stasis took the lead. Daily expenses of TCM injections drugs were on the high side and there may be unreasonable application.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the education level of staff members and the risk factors for stroke in a university in China.Methods From January 2014 to May 2014,a total of 659 staff members in a university in China were collected with a cluster sampling method.The basic information and the relevant data of the risk factors for stroke of the subjects were collected and recorded completely.The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to their education levels from low to high.The relationship between their education levels and the risk factors for stroke were analyzed.Results A total of 633 staff members were enrolled,including 426 men (67.3％) and 207 women (32.7％).The low,middle and high education level groups were 188 (29.7％),193 (30.5％),and 252 (39.8％),respectively.With the increase of the education level,the prevalence of hypertension,dyslipidemia,and stroke decreased,and the awareness rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia and the treatment rate increased.The proportion of drink-ing increased in the male group and that decreased in the female group.The proportion of regular exercise increased in the female group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age,per capita income,employment,drinking,smoking,regular exercise and other factors,compared with the high education level group,the risk of hypertension increased 2.55 times in the low education level group in males (odds ratio [OR] 2.55,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.42-4.58;P =0.002);the prevalence risk of dyslipidemia increased 2.25 (OR 2.25,95％ CI 1.31-3.86;P =0.003) and 2.02 times in the low and middle education level groups (OR 2.02,95％ CI 1.23-3.33;P =0.006) respectively;the risk of smoking decreased 42％ in the middle education level group (OR 0.58,95％ CI 0.36-0.93;P =0.024);the risk of hypertension increased 6.27 times in the low level education group in women (OR 6.27,95％ CI 1.59-24.74;P =0.009);the risk of dyslipidemia increased 3.91 times in the middle education level group (OR 3.91,95％ CI 1.70-8.98;P =0.001);the risk of drinking increased 3.49 times in the low level education group (OR 3.49,95％ CI 1.12-10.92;P =0.032),and the weekly regular exercise decreased 65％ in the low level education group (OR0.35,95％ CI0.15-0.82;P =0.016).Conclusion The incidence of the risk factors for stroke in the low education level group was higher than the popuhtions of high or middle education level.

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of using biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles as new type carriers for controlled GM-CSF delivery system. METHODS: GM-CSF and BSA loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ion cross linking method using tripolyphosphate as cross-linking agent with its morphology observed by transmission electron microscope. The encapsulating efficiencies of GM-CSF and BSA were determined respectively by fluorescence scanning and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The in vitro drug release properties of chitosan nanoparticles were studied as well. RESULTS: Morphologically, the nanoparticles were spherical with mean particle size of 201nm. The encapsulating efficiencies of GM-CSF and BSA were 62.1% and 58.5%, respectively, and their in vitro accumulative drug release rates on the 3rd day were 69% and 82% respectively. CONCLUSION: The ion cross linking method is fit for the preparation of GM-CSF loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu) microemulsion and to investigate the intestinal absorption of 5-Fu microemulsion in rats. METHODS: The formulation of 5-Fu microemulsion was optimzied using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams with isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil phase and ODO-L as surfactant; the intestinal absorption ex vivo model was prepared using everted intestinal sac method to investigate the absorption sites and absorption efficiency of 5-Fu microemulsion in rats. RESULTS: IPM/ODO-L/EtOH/H2O (Km=1∶2) was selected as the delivery system of 5-Fu; as compared with 5-Fu solution, the intestinal absorption of 5-Fu microemulsion was significantly improved and the middle and lower segments of rat's intestine were the best sbsorption sites for 5-Fu microemulsion and the accumulative aborption rates of 5-Fu microemulsion at 90 min was 3-fold that of 5-Fu solution. CONCLUSION: The prepared 5-Fu microemulsion is stable in quality and well-absorbed in rats' intestine.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the decolorization technology of Houttuynia cordata polycose active carbon.METHODS:The decolorization technology of Houttuynia cordata polycose active carbon was optimized using orthogonal experiment with temperature,pH value,stirring time and the content of active carbon as factors and the content of polycose and the decoloring rate as indexes.RESULTS:The optimal decolorization technology was as follows:temperature:below 20 ℃; pH=4.0;the content of active carbon was 0.4%,and the stirring time was 40 min.CONCLUSION:The decoloration technology is applicable for industrialized production.

AIM:To study the function of pancreatic ? cells in the R6/2 transgenic mouse of Huntington's disease(HD),and to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying diabetes mellitus in transgenic mice of HD. METHODS:By using the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD,fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin concentration in plasma of normal and HD mice were detected. Further,HE staining and immunofluorescence technique were used for morphometric analysis of islets in normal and HD mice. RESULTS:In contrast to normal mouse,R6/2 HD mouse showed hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia in fasting state. Pancreatic islets morphology showed that islets atrophied and cell number decreased in HD mouse. Poor functional index was observed in these mice,but insulin resistance index was normal. CONCLUSION:Impaired function of pancreatic cells may be the key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetes in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD.