With glucose as substrate, sodium tripolyphosphate as the phosphorus acylating agent, and phosphorylase of Solanum tuberosum as the catalyst, glucose 1-phosphate was synthesized. Based on a three-level, three-variable Box-Behnken experimental design, response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effects of temperature, molar ratio of glucose to sodium tripolyphosphate and time on the production. The structure of the product was confirmed by 1H NMR spectra. The results show that the optimum conditions were as follows: temperature 35 degrees C, molar ratio of glucose to sodium tripolyphosphate 1.35:1 and time 19 h.
Catalysis ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucosephosphates ; biosynthesis ; Phosphorylases ; metabolism ; Polyphosphates ; chemistry ; Solanum tuberosum ; enzymology ; Surface Properties

Formins are widely distributed in eukaryotes such as fungi, plants and animals. They play crucial roles in regulating the polymerization of actin, coordinating the synergistic interactions between actin and microtubules, and determining cell growth and morphology. Unlike formins from fungi and animals, plant formins have been evolved into two plant-specific types. Generally, type Ⅱ formins are believed to regulate the polarized growth of cells, and type Ⅰ formins may regulate the cell expansion and division processes. Recent studies on the function of plant formins suggest it is inappropriate to classify the function of formins purely based on their structures. This review summarizes the domain organization of formins and their corresponding functions, as well as the underpinning mechanisms. Furthermore, the unsolved or unexplored issues along with future perspectives on plant formins are proposed and discussed.
Actins ; Formins ; Microfilament Proteins ; Plant Cells ; Plant Development ; Plants