Objective To explore the identification of the hypoxia regions within the primary foci and imaging time selection in 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) imaging on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods From July 2013 to July 2014,44 NPC patients (33 males,11 females,age range:18-74(53.45± 12.88) years) underwent 18 F-FMISO PET/CT imaging,including 3 cases with twice imaging (totally 47 case times).Inaging data were acquired and reconstructed 2 and 4 h after the injection of 18 F-FMISO.1s F-FMISO PET/CT images were merged with MRI images obtained 1 week before to construct fusion images.The boundary of primary tumor was determined based on MRI.Visual analysis was performed and SUVmax of posterior cervical muscles,NPC primary foci was measured by 2 observers respectively.The uptake ratio of primary tumor to muscle (TMR) was calculated.The identify consistency of hypoxic region between two observers were evaluated by Kappa test and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).The image contrast was evaluated by Wilcoxon paired rank sum test of TMR.Results PET images and MRI images of NPC primary foci were successfully fused.Positive non-NPC tissues were identified by MRI.The visual recognition of hypoxic regions of the two observers for 2 and 4 h imaging were highly consistent (Kappa =0.931 and 0.965,both P＜0.001).There was a high degree of consistency between the SUVmax of posterior cervicalmuscles and that of primary tumors.ICCs of posterior cervical muscles in 2 and 4 h were 0.896 (95％ CI:0.814-0.942) and 0.924 (95％ CI:0.865-0.958),respectively.ICCs of primary tumors in 2 and 4 h were 0.991 (95％ CI:0.985-0.995) and 0.998 (95％ CI:0.996-0.999),respectively.TMRs (M(P25,P75))in 2 and 4 h were 1.560 (1.341,3.015) and 1.675 (1.387,3.001) respectively in 24 positive case times,and the difference was statistically significant (z=-2.557,P＜0.05).Conclusions Using fusion images of 18F-FMISO PET and MRI,hypoxic tissues within NPC primary foci can be accurately identified.There is a high degree of consistency within the visual and quantitative analysis of two observers.The image contrast of 18F-FMISO PET at 4 h is superior to that at 2 h.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that exert function by posttranscriptional suppression have recently brought insight in our understanding of the role of non-protein-coding RNAs in carcinogenesis and metastasis. In this study, we described the function and molecular mechanism of miR-139-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its potential clinical application in CRC. We found that miR-139-5p was significantly downregulated in 73.8% CRC samples compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues (NCTs), and decreased miR-139-5p was associated with poor prognosis. Functional analyses demonstrated that ectopic expression of miR-139-5p suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-139-5p suppress CRC cell invasion and metastasis by targeting AMFR and NOTCH1. Knockdown of the two genes phenocopied the inhibitory effect of miR-139-5p on CRC metastasis. Furthermore, the protein levels of the two genes were upregulated in CRC samples compared with NCTs, and inversely correlated with the miR-139-5p expression. Increased NOTCH1 protein expression was correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. Together, our data indicate that miR-139-5p is a potential tumor suppressor and prognostic factor for CRC, and targeting miR-139-5p may repress the metastasis of CRC and improve survival.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HCT116 Cells ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA Interference ; Receptor, Notch1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Autocrine Motility Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Survival Analysis ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To explore the relationship between the maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) of 18 F-fluoromisonidazole ( FMISO) PET/CT and the pathological classification, differentiation, T stage and primary tumor volume of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) . Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 41 patients with NPC (31 males, age 18-74 years;10 females, age 35-67 years) who underwent head and neck 18 F-FMISO PET/CT from 2012 to 2015. The relationship between the clinicopath-ological parameters (pathological classification, differentiation, T stage, tumor volume) of primary lesion and SUVmax were analyzed. Mann-Whitney u test, approximate t test and Spearman correlation were used for data analysis. Results There was no significant difference in SUVmax between non-keratinizing carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma ( u=183.5, P>0.05) , nor between the differentiated carcinoma and undiffer-entiated carcinoma( t'=-1.23, P>0.05) . SUVmax of T1-T2 primary tumor was significantly lower than that of T3-T4 tumor (1.52±0.43 vs 2.05±0.85; t'=-2.60, P<0.05), and SUVmax was correlated with primary tumor volume ( rs=0.488, P<0.05) . Conclusions The hypoxic degree is related with T stage and primary tumor volume in NPC. The combination analysis of T stage and tumor size will contribute to the assessment of oxygen level and prognosis of primary NPC.