No abstract available.
Leukoencephalopathies*

Rationale: Leukoencephalopathy, a complication associated with chemotherapy has been reported after giving high doses of methotrexate and cytarabine with no specific risk factors to date.

Objectives:
1. To review the prevalence of chemotherapy-induced leukoencephalopathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
2. To present the clinical course, pathogenesis and neuro-imaging findings of chemotherapy-induced leukoencephalopathy in children with ALL.

Case: We reported three cases of adolescent ALL precursor B-cell patients who received high doses of methotrexate and presented with neurologic and MRI findings consistent with leukoencephalopathy. Our patients were only placed on supportive measures with adequate hydration, without providing any special intervention. Yet, all of them had complete neurological recovery.

Discussion and Summary: Methotrexate is a cell cycle-specific agent that inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the conversion of folic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid and inhibiting cell replication. It is one of the most commonly implicated drug causing leukoencephalopathy. [3] On MRI T2-weighted images, all of them had hyperintensities on the posterior frontal/parietal corona radiata and centrum semiovale consistent with leukoencephalopathy. Complete recovery happened spontaneously in all of the cases. There is no standard treatment for acute and subacute toxicities from methotrexate.

No abstract available.
Hypokalemia* ; Leukoencephalopathies*

No abstract available.
Leukoencephalopathies ; Respiration

We report a patient who developed posterior leukoencephalopatty (PLE) after a transfusion with vasospasm and both features of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema. The cytotoxic edema developed in the cerebral region hemodynamically more compromised. Different mechanisms may occur in PLE according to the degree of ischemic burden related to vasospasm.
Edema* ; Humans ; Leukoencephalopathies*

No abstract available.
Atrophy* ; Brain* ; Leukoencephalopathies*

No abstract available.
Leukoencephalopathies ; Methotrexate ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Cranial Irradiation ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Parkinsonian Disorders*

No abstract available.
Alanine-tRNA Ligase* ; Dementia* ; Leukoencephalopathies*

Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy is an inherited small vessel diseases caused by mutations in the Notch3 gene. In Caucasian patients, the average life expectancy was 65 years for men and 71 years for women. However, this does not seem to be the case in patient with R544C mutation, which is a rare mutation in Caucasian patients. Herein we report two patients with R544C mutation who were older than 90 years who were not previously reported.
CADASIL ; Female ; Humans ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Life Expectancy ; Male