Background: In Vietnam, there are increase rate of patients with acute leukemia including acute myelogenous leukemia. The clinical, gender, age as well as morphological characteristics of cells have prognostic significance about response to treatment and survival time of patients. Objectives: (1) To describe the distribution of acute myelogenous leukemia types by FAB standard in 'National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. (2) To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Subjects and methods: The study included 67 patients diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia by FAB standard without chemotherapy in 'National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. Results and conclusions: The median age: 35.55 \xb1 13.46, sex: 53% male, 47% female. Ratio of M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7 was 1, 10, 19, 18, 30, 13, 6, 1 %, respectively. 100% of these patients presented with anemia, 57 % with hemorrage, 46 % with fever. Lymphadenopathy was presented in 61 %, hepatomegaly was presented in 27% and spleenomegaly was presented in 9%. 53% of the patients had more bleeding was M3. Lymphadenopathy, hepatospleenomegaly had most frequently seen in the patients of M4 and M5 type. \r\n", u'\r\n', u'
Leukemia ; Myeloid ; Acute/ immunology ; Hematology

Dendritic cells can be derived from leukemia cells and normal precursor cells in the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Dendritic cells may capture leukemia antigen in bone marrow or lymph nodes, and present leukemia common antigen to stimulate proliferation of specific CD8(+) T cells, playing anti-leukemia effect. Dendritic cells for clinical and experimental use are transformed from leukemia cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and loaded in vitro with leukemia -specific or tumor common antigen, play a therapeutic role after reinfusion. This article reviews dendritic cells in the immunotherapy of AML.
Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; therapy

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; immunology ; metabolism

Angiopoietin2( ANGPT2 ) plays an important role in tumor angiopoiesis. ANGPT2 antagonises ANGPT1 resulting in an effect on the stability of blood vessels, which promotes tumor growth, invasion, proliferation as well as relating to tumor vascular density. A lot of researches published papers about anti-ANGPT2 for the treatment of tumor, and have made some progresses. In this review, the role of ANGPT2 in the pathogenesis of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), including its effects on proliferation of leukemia cells, bone marrow angiopoiesis, tumor invasion and metastasis are briefly summarised in order to provide the basis for targeted ANGPT2 in treatment of AML.
Angiopoietin-1 ; immunology ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Over a two-year period, immunophenotypic patterns of 266 acute leukemia cases were analyzed using a panel of tests including TdT, SmIg and 9 surface antigens by the immunofluorescence stains for the assessment of the incidence and grade of phenotypic ambiguity (lineage infidelity) and the possible clinical significance of unusual immunophenotypes. Immunophenotypes were classified into four groups according to the degree of ectopic antigen expression. We classified as Group A (91.7%, 244 of 266 cases) those expressing conventional pattern without ectopic antigen. Group B (3.0%, 8 of 266 cases) was defined to have at least two lineage specific markers and single ectopic antigen. Such a "low grade deviation" did not prevent a definite immunodiagnosis. Group C (4.2%, 11 of 266 cases) revealed a promiscuous coexpression of markers related to different lineages, including two cases (0.8%, 2 cases) of biphenotypic leukemia. Group D (1.1%, 3 cases) included unclassifiable immunophenotypes with no antigen or HLA-DR only expression. Both patients with biphenotypic leukemia and one patient with unclassifiable immunophenotypes failed to respond to induction chemotherapy, suggesting a poor prognosis in these patients. The incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cases with one or more ectopic surface antigens was 10 (8.1%) of the 124 AML cases. Ectopic antigen expression was seen in 5 (4%) of the 125 B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases and 3 (25%) of the 12 T-ALL cases. It is concluded that nearly 95% of cases of acute leukemia cases can be diagnosed accurately with immunophenotyping alone including patients with a mild degree of deviation from expected antigenic patterns.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute Disease ; Antigens, Differentiation/blood ; Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/immunology ; Retrospective Studies

To investigate the clinical, cellular morphology, immunophenotype, and cytogenetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which are very similar to the morphological characteristics of prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), the morphological features of bone marrow cells from patient were observed by light microscope, the immunophenotypes were detected by flow cytometry, the karyotypes were analyzed by conventional cytogenetic method, the hybridization signals were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The results indicated that the clinical features were in accordance with acute leukemia and the immunophenotyping results showed malignant cells originated from myeloid lineage, while the cytomorphology analysis showed that the blastic cells were more like the lymphoid lineage. Trisomy 8 was found in the patient by cytogenetic study, the patient did not show good response to chemotherapy. In conclusion, acute leukemia has high heterogenicity, which could be defined as AML, but more like lymphocytic origination by morphological study. Immunophenotyping analysis could contribute to the final diagnosis of malignant cells.
Adult ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; pathology ; Leukemia, Prolymphocytic ; immunology ; pathology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the cytotoxic effect of allogenetic natural killer (NK) cells in vitro on human CD34+ acute myelogenous leukemia cells.

METHODSCD34 expression on acute myelogenous leukemia KG1a cells was detected by flow cytometry. KG1a cells were co-cultured at different effector-to-target (E:T) ratios with NK cells isolated from 5 healthy individuals using magnetic cell sorting. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was employed to examine the cytolysis of KG1a cells in the co-culture, and the inhibition rate of the KG1a cell colony formation in methylcellulose was determined with K562 cells sensitive to NK cells as the control.

RESULTSA expression rate as much as (98.0-/+1.1)% was detected for CD34 antigen on KG1a cells, and the isolated NK cells (CD3(-)CD16+CD56+ cells) had a purity of (93.2-/+3.7)% after magnetic cell sorting. Allogenetic NK cells exhibited obvious cytotoxicity and colony inhibition in vitro against KG1a cells at different E:T ratios, and the effects were significantly enhanced as the E:T ratios increased (P<0.05). At the same E:T ratio, the cytotoxicity and colony inhibition rate of allogenetic NK cells against KG1a cells was lower than those against K562 cells (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAllogenetic NK cells exhibit obvious cytotoxicity and colony formation against CD34+ acute myelogenous leukemia cells.

Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology

The aim was to study the morphological, histochemical and immunological characteristics of less-differentiated acute myeloid leukemic cells, and their diagnostic significance. Wright-Giemsa and histochemical staining were used to stain bone marrow smears from 2 case of AML-Mo. Immunological phenotypes were determined with flow cytometry. The results showed that myeloperoxidase stainings of both cases were negative, PAS was positive with fine particles, CD33/CD13 were positive, CD2/CD3/CD10/CD19/CD22 were negative. It is concluded that morphology, histochemistry and immunological phenotype on bone marrow smears are the main diagnostic basis for AML-Mo. The use of multiple monoclonal antibodies for staining may improve the accuracy.
Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; classification ; immunology ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; immunology ; mortality ; Middle Aged

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by flow cytometry (FCM), immunophenotyping in 184 patients with acute leukemia was performed by FCM analysis. The results showed that in the lineage-related antibodies of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), the sensitivity of CD13 and CD33 was higher (95.5% and 91.2%, respectively), the specificity of them was deficient (72.5% and 62.2%, respectively); the sensitivity of MPO was low (69.1%), but the specificity was high (100%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD117 were high (88.2% and 100%, respectively); the sensitivity of CD14 and CD15 was low (18.4% and 27.2%, respectively); the specificity of CD14 with monocytes was high. As the lineage-related antibodies of B-lineage ALL were concerned, CD19 showed high sensitivity and low specificity (100% vs 83.4%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD79a (96.4% vs 100%) and CD22 (100% vs 100%) were high; the sensitivity and specificity of CD10 (53.6% vs 82.5%) and CD20 (70.4% vs 87.5%) were low. In T-lineage ALL, the specificity of CD3 was high (97.5%), but the sensitivity was below the mark (80.0%); the sensitivity of CD7 was high (100%), but the specificity was low (77.9%); while the sensitivity and specificity of CD5, CD2 and CD1a were all deficient. In conclusion, the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage-related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping are coincident with St Jude immunophenotyping project. It seems only that CD117 is superior to MPO in defining AML, but the sensitivity and specificity analysis of CD22 and CD79 are similar in defining B-lineage ALL, therefore, anyone of them may be selected as your need.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Antibodies, Neoplasm ; immunology ; CD79 Antigens ; analysis ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Leukemia ; classification ; immunology ; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute ; immunology ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; analysis ; immunology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 ; analysis ; immunology