1.Myelodysplastic syndrome that progressed to acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia showing peculiar chromosomal abnormality: a case report.
Seong Ho KIM ; Cheol Won SUH ; Seong Jun CHOI ; Jung Gyun KIM ; Je Hwan LEE ; Sung Bae KIM ; Sang We KIM ; Kyoo Hyung LEE ; Jung Shin LEE ; Woo Kun KIM ; Sang Hee KIM ; Eul Ju SEO ; Hyun Sook CHI
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1999;14(4):448-450
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a closely related group of acquired bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective and dysplastic hematopoiesis. These clonal disorders frequently progress to acute leukemia. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia is characterized by an increase in abnormal eosinophils in the bone marrow, relatively good clinical course and inv (16) chromosomal abnormality. We experienced one case of refractory anemia with excess blasts which progressed to refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation and finally to acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia showing peculiar chromosomal abnormalities of der (1;7).
Adult
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Anemia/pathology
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Anemia/genetics
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Anemia/etiology
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Bone Marrow/pathology
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Case Report
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16*
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Disease Progression
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Eosinophilia/pathology
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Eosinophilia/genetics*
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Eosinophilia/etiology
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Human
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Inversion (Genetics)*
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Karyotyping
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/pathology
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/genetics*
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/etiology
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Male
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathology
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics*
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes/complications
2.A Case of Pulmonary Microsporidiasis in an Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) -M3 Patient.
Suleyman YAZAR ; Bulent ESER ; Saban YALCIN ; Izzet SAHIN ; A Nedret KOC
Yonsei Medical Journal 2003;44(1):146-149
Reported here is a case of microsporidiasis that occurred in an acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) -M3 patient who underwent chemotherapy. Fever, cough, expectorate and dyspnea were observed during the therapy. Since this case was considered as adult respiratory distress syndrome due to the chest X-ray and arterial blood gas findings, the male patient was bounded to a mechanical ventilator. As coagulation tests showed compatible findings with disseminate intravascular coagulation (DIC), it was thought to be a case of sepsis originating from the lungs and DIC. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were found in the sputum of the patient. Although he was given combined antibiotic therapy, there was no reduction in the fever. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample was taken and Microsporidia sp. was found upon staining with Giemsa. The patient died due to sepsis and DIC just before receiving therapy for microsporidiasis. Pulmonary infection with Microsporidia, although classically occurring in patients with HIV infection, may occur rarely in leukemia patients, especially if previously treated with systemic immune suppression. This case reinforces the need to consider Microsporidia as a possible pathogen in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infections.
Diagnostic Errors
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Fatal Outcome
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Human
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Immunocompromised Host
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*complications
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Lung Diseases, Parasitic/*complications/diagnosis
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Male
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Microsporidiosis/*complications/diagnosis
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Middle Aged
3.Minimally differentiated acute myelogenous leukemia presented with multiple cervical lymphadenopathy.
Jin Hyuk CHOI ; Wha Soon CHUNG ; Woon Sup HAN ; Hye Young CHOI
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1996;11(1):77-79
Lymphadenopathy is a relatively uncommon finding of minimally differentiated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML-MO). We experienced a case of AML-MO in a 57-year-old man initially presented with multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. Bone marrow aspiration revealed myeloblasts, which were negative for myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, Periodic acid-Schiff, non-specific esterase and double esterase reaction. In cell surface marker studies, CD13, CD14, CD33, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR were present. CT scan of neck demonstrated multiple lymphadenopathy at both internal jugular chains, spinal accessory chains and submandibular area. He died about two weeks after diagnosis without specific treatment.
Case Report
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Fatal Outcome
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Human
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*complications/pathology
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Lymphatic Diseases/*complications/pathology
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Male
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Middle Age
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Neck
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Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
4.Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome with Malignant Myeloid Transformation: A Case Report.
So Young PARK ; Min Byoung CHAE ; Yee Gyung KWACK ; Moon Hee LEE ; In Ho KIM ; Young Soo KIM ; Chul Soo KIM
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2002;17(3):204-206
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare genetic disorder of unknown pathogenesis involving exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and hematological and skeletal abnormalities. About 25% of patients develop hematopoietic malignancies. We report on a case of acute myeloid leukemia (M2) in a 21-year-old woman affected by SDS. She was treated with conventional chemotherapy (idarubicin plus cytarabine) and reached complete remission of leukemia. After induction chemotherapy, she underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The BMT preparative regimen consisted of total body irradation (TBI) followed by cyclophosphamide. Cyclosporin A and short term methotrexate were used for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. After a follow-up of 12 months, she is alive leukemia free off any immunosuppressive agent. Although experience in this field is scarce, we speculate that bone marrow failure in SDS is an indication for BMT which is the only curative trentment option.
Adult
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*Bone Marrow Transplantation
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Case Report
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*Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
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Female
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Human
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*pathology/*therapy
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes/*complications/*therapy
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Pancreatic Insufficiency/complications/therapy
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Syndrome
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Transplantation, Homologous
5.Five cases of cytomegalovirus infection detected by in situ hybridization and antigenemia assay.
Jin Hong YOO ; Jong Young CHOI ; Yang Ree KIM ; Yeong Jin CHOI ; Sang In SHIM ; Hak Ki KIM ; Chul Woo YANG ; Yong Soo KIM ; Chi Wha HAHN ; Wan Shik SHIN ; Chong Won PARK ; Moon Won KANG ; Choon Choo KIM ; Byung Kee BANG ; Dong Jip KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1994;9(6):507-512
We report five cases of cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised patients which were detected by either cytomegalovirus antigenemia assay or in situ hybridization. Four cases had leukemia and the other had chronic renal failure. All the three BMT recipients suffered from GvHD. Interestingly, there was an unique case of CMV disease without a history of BMT, which reminded us that CMV could attack immunocompromised patients who had not undergone transplantation, too. Four out of five cases died. We think that cytomegalovirus infection or disease should not be regarded as a minor problem in post-transplantation infection in Korea.
Adolescent
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Adult
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Antigens, Viral/*blood
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*Bone Marrow Transplantation
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Case Report
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Cytomegalovirus/*immunology
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Cytomegalovirus Infections/complications/*diagnosis
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Fatal Outcome
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Graft vs Host Disease/complications
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Human
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Immunocompromised Host
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In Situ Hybridization
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Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications
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Kidney Transplantation
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Leukemia/*complications/therapy
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Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute, L2/complications/therapy
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/complications/therapy
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic/complications/therapy
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Male
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Viremia/*diagnosis
6.Behenoyl cytarabine-associated reversible encephalopathy in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia.
Seok Goo CHO ; Hanlim MOON ; Jae Hee LEE ; Sung Yong LEE ; Chun Choo KIM ; Kyung Shick LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1999;14(1):89-92
We report a case of reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a 16-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), who is undergoing during consolidation chemotherapy composed of BH-AC (N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine) and idarubicin. On the 6th day of chemotherapy, she was in a drowsy state following generalized tonic clonic seizure lasting 20 minutes. MR images revealed extensive cortical and subcortical white matter brain edema. Alertness returned over the 24 hr following by the discontinuation of BH-AC and intravenous administration of diphenylhydantoin, although she complained of intermittent headaches and visual disturbance. She gradually recovered from these symptoms during subsequent 7 days. Previously noted abnormal signal intensities have nearly disappreared on follow-up MRI obtained on the 22nd day after the first seizure. She was discharged without any neurologic sequela. This case suggests that BH-AC, a derivative of cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) could be a cause of reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
Adolescence
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Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects*
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Brain/radiography
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Case Report
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Cytarabine/therapeutic use
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Cytarabine/analogs & derivatives*
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Cytarabine/adverse effects
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Female
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Human
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/complications*
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Seizures/radiography*
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Seizures/chemically induced
7.Prognostic Factors Influencing Infection-related Mortality in Patients with Acute Leukemia in Korea.
Jin Hong YOO ; Su Mi CHOI ; Dong Gun LEE ; Jung Hyun CHOI ; Wan Shik SHIN ; Woo Sung MIN ; Chun Choo KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2005;20(1):31-35
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 284 patients with neutropenic fever following chemotherapy for acute leukemia at the Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center from January 1998 to December 1999, to identify prognostic factors for infection related mortality. Twenty-eight patients died of infections. There was no difference in median age, gender ratio, or underlying disease between the dying and surviving groups. Bacteria were the main pathogens following chemotherapy, and Gram positive organisms predominated in the dying group. Pneumonia and sepsis were the main causes of death. There were 72 cases of invasive fungal infection and their mortality was 27.8%. Invasive fungal infection and previous history of fungal infection were independent prognostic factors for outcome. Recovery from neutropenia was the significant protective factor for mortality. In conclusion, the prognostic factors identified in this study could be useful for deciding on more intensive treatment for those patients at greater risk of death. To our knowledge, this is the first Korean study delineating prognostic factors in acute leukemic patients with infectious complications.
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Bacterial Infections/complications/*mortality
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Cause of Death
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Female
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Humans
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Korea
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Leukemia
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Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute/complications/*microbiology/*mortality
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/complications/*microbiology/*mortality
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Morbidity
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Multivariate Analysis
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Mycoses/complications/mortality
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Neutropenia
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Pneumonia/complications/mortality
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Prognosis
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Retrospective Studies
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Sepsis/complications/mortality
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Survival Rate
8.Isolated Biliary Granulocytic Sarcoma Followed by Acute Myelogeneous Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Chang Ohk SUNG ; Young Hyeh KO ; Cheol Keun PARK ; Kee Taek JANG ; Jin Seok HEO
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2006;21(3):550-554
Granulocytic sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of myeloid progenitor cells. Primary involvement of the biliary tract without evidence of leukemia is exceedingly rare. Here, we report an isolated biliary granulocytic sarcoma in a 30-yr-old man who presented with jaundice, fever, and chill without any evidence of leukemia. However, five months after the diagnosis, he developed acute myelogenous leukemia with multilineage dysplasia and chromosomal abnormality. A rare possibility of biliary granulocytic sarcoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with obstructive jaundice. A histologic evaluation by aggressive diagnostic intervention is important and may improve prognosis.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Sarcoma, Granulocytic/*complications/*pathology
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Prognosis
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Male
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*diagnosis/*pathology
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Karyotyping
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Humans
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Cell Lineage
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Bile Ducts/metabolism/pathology
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Bile Duct Neoplasms/*complications/*pathology
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Adult
9.Selective Bowel Decontamination for the Prevention of Infection in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia: A Prospective Randomized Trial.
Dong Gun LEE ; Su Mi CHOI ; Jung Hyun CHOI ; Jin Hong YOO ; Yoon Hee PARK ; Yoo Jin KIM ; Seok LEE ; Chang Ki MIN ; Hee Je KIM ; Dong Wook KIM ; Jong Wook LEE ; Woo Sung MIN ; Wan Shik SHIN ; Chun Choo KIM
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2002;17(1):38-44
BACKGROUND: Infection is still a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients receiving chemotherapy. Recently the main cause of infection has changed from gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria and the resistance to antibiotics has increased. This study aimed to access the effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AP) with orally absorbable antibiotics. METHODS: Ninety-five AML patients receiving chemotherapy at Catholic Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center from March 1999 to July 1999 were randomly divided into the AP group (250 mg ciprofloxacin twice a day, 150 mg roxithromycin twice a day, 50 mg fluconazole once a day) and the control group for a prospective analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of fever was 82.6% in the AP group and 91.6% in the control group (p=0.15). Though classification and sites of infections showed no difference between the two groups, the catheter associated infection occurred more frequently in the AP group in significance. The time interval between initiation of chemotherapy and onset of fever, white blood cell (WBC) count at the onset of fever, duration of leukopenia (WBC < 1,000/mm ), duration of systemic antibiotic therapy, mortality due to infection and hospitalization period from the data starting chemotherapy showed no differences between the two groups. Infections due to gram negative bacteria decreased to 33.3% in the AP group (vs. 92% in the control group), but infections due to gram positive bacteria increased to 66.7% (vs. 8% in the control group). Gram negative bacteria showed 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin in the AP group and gram-positive bacteria showed 90-100% resistance to erythromycin, regardless of the presence of AP. CONCLUSION: The AP could not reduce the occurrence of infection or infection associated death in AML patients receiving chemotherapy. On considering increased gram-positive infection and resistance to fluoroquinolone and macrolide, routine prescription of AP should be reconsidered. Further studies that assess the effectiveness of AP in other malignancies, aplastic anemia and bone marrow transplantation are required.
Adult
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Anti-Infective Agents, Fluoroquinolone/*therapeutic use
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*Antibiotic Prophylaxis
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Bacterial Infections/epidemiology/etiology/*prevention & control
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Ciprofloxacin/*therapeutic use
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Female
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Fever/epidemiology/etiology
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Fluconazole/therapeutic use
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Human
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Incidence
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Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*complications/drug therapy
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Male
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Middle Age
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Neutropenia/chemically induced/*complications
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Prospective Studies
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Roxithromycin/therapeutic use
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Treatment Outcome