Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; therapy

Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy*

Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy* ; China

China ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology*

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a low-grade lymphoproliferative tumor that occurs frequently in middle-aged and elderly people. Early and precise intervention can effectively improve the clinical prognosis of CLL patients. In the past, chemotherapy was the main treatment plan. With the development of molecular biology and the continuous advent of immune targeting drugs, targeted drugs targeting B cell receptor signaling pathway have shown high clinical application value in the diagnosis and treatment path of CLL. Cellular immunotherapies such as CAR-T also offer hope for patients with relapsed and refractory CLL. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and multi-drug combination have also shown remarkable results in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to review the latest research progress in the treatment of CLL.
Humans ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Immunotherapy ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy* ; Signal Transduction

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical features of conjunctival lymphoproliferative lesions and associated systemic lymphoma, and to determine the recurrence rate and prognosis according to treatment methods. METHODS: Eighteen patients with conjunctival lymphoproliferative lesions were followed up. We retrospectively analyzed data for clinical symptoms, anatomical location, histological type, associated systemic lymphoma, and treatment results. RESULTS: Conjunctival lymphoproliferative lesions were classified according to WHO classification: benign lymphoid hyperplasia in 7 patients, MALT-lymphoma in 7, and small B lymphocytic lymphoma in 4. Systemic lymphoma existed in 2 patients (11.1%). Remission was not achieved in one patients treated by surgical excision and chemotherapy. Complete remission was achieved in 5 patients with conjunctival malignant lymphoma treated by surgical excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: We consider that aggressive treatment using radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical excision in conjunctival malignant lymphoma is needful to achieve complete remission and prevent recurrence.
Classification ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoma ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

We herein report a case of Richters syndrome(RS) that was discovered following an investigation of a skin lesion. RS represents an acute transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL) to highly malignant large cell lymphoma such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). RS is characterixed by abrupt B-symptoms, rapidly progressive lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, frequent extranodal involvement, hypercalcemia and an unfavorable clinical course. The patient is a 31-year-old male with skin lesions on his face. He had been previously diagnosed with CLL. At his presentation, CLL and DLBCL manifestly co-existed. Our multistage analysis suggested that DLBCL and CLL might arise from a different B-cell clone. He showed a poor clinical response to systemic chemotherapy.
Adult ; B-Lymphocytes ; Clone Cells ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma* ; Male ; Skin

Prolymphocytic leukemia (PL) is usually derived from B cells and shares some features with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but it is clearly a distinct entity and defined to have more than 55% prolymphocytes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/prolymphocytic leukemia (CLL/PL) is a mixed type of CLL and is defined to have 11~55% prolymphocytes with intermediate features between CLL and PL. We experienced two different cases of leukemia PL and CLL/PL. On physical examination, PL (stage II, B) patient showed multiple cervical lymph node enlargement and 5cm sized splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. But CLL/PL (stage III, C) patient showed 10cm sized splenomegaly and no lymph node enlargement. On immunological phenotyping, surface markers showed 72% CD5 (+), 85% CD19 (+), and 40% SmIg (+) in PL patient and 3% CD5 (+), 90% CD19 (+) and SmIg (-) in CLL/PL patient. PL patient was refractory to chlorambucil and prednisolone chemotherapy and showed poor prognosis. CLL/PL patient did not show remarkable response to chlorambucil and prednisolone therapy.
B-Lymphocytes ; Chlorambucil ; Drug Therapy ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Leukemia, Prolymphocytic ; Lymph Nodes ; Physical Examination ; Prednisolone ; Prognosis ; Splenomegaly

Fludarabine (Flu), a purine nucleoside analogue, is the firstline drug for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and can induce apoptosis of malignant cells in CLL patients. However, CLL remains an incurable disease. Fludarabine-resistance is one of the predominant reasons for treatment failure. In this paper, the metabolism, action and drug-resistance mechanisms of Fludarabine in CLL as well as possible reversible strategies are reviewed, with particular emphasis on recent advances in the characterization of nucleoside transporters and p53-mediated apoptosis and on the potential role of activating or inactivating enzymes in the induction of clinical resistance to Flu.
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Bullous pemphigoid is a rare nonhematologic autoimmune complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. There have been roughly 10 cases worldwide since 1974, and searches through Korean dermatological literature revealed no reported cases. A 72-year-old man had been diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and treated with chemotherapy for 7 months. After that, he was in complete remission, and the chemotherapy was discontinued consequently. One month later, multiple erythematous blisters, papules, and crusts developed on his trunk and both extremities. Histopathologic examination and immunofluorescence of the tense blister revealed a bullous pemphigoid. We present this rare case as the first documented case report of bullous pemphigoid following chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the Korean dermatological literature.
Aged ; Blister ; Drug Therapy ; Extremities ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* ; Pemphigoid, Bullous* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation