Leuconostoc spp. used to be considered nonpathogens to human, but human infections have been reported including bacteremia in compromized patients. Leuconostoc spp. may be misidentified as lactobacilli, streptococci, pediococci and enterococci due to atypical biochemical tests. Leuconostoc spp. are intrinsically resistant to vancomycin. We report a case of bacteremia caused by Leuconostoc lactis identified by 16S rRNA sequencing; the isolate was not identified by commercial kits.
Bacteremia* ; Humans ; Leuconostoc* ; Vancomycin

Two strains of vancomycin-resistant Leuconostoc species were isolated from blood cultures in two compromised patients. The isolates produced gas from Lactobacillus MRS booth, hydrolysed esculin, and produced no ammonia from arginine, thus fulfilling the major criteria as Leucorostoc spp. We recommend that clinical laboratories should perform susceptibility test to vancomycin for clinical isolates (especially from cerebrospinal fluid and blood) which resemble streptococci so as not to confuse Leuconostoc spp. with more commonly isolated pathogens such as streptococci.
Ammonia ; Arginine ; Bacteremia* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Esculin ; Humans ; Lactobacillus ; Leuconostoc* ; Vancomycin

Aims: This study aimed to isolate and characterize putative new probiotic with antimicrobial properties against common fish pathogens from the gut of Oreochromis spp. (red tilapia). Methodology and results: A total of 28 colonies were isolated from gut of Oreochromis spp. and characterized phenotypically. Eight isolates were selected for probiotic characterization. Temperature, salinity, pH and bile salt tolerance, antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial test against selected fish pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC 25923) were conducted. Characterization studies revealed isolates suited for freshwater environment and exhibited tolerance against wide range of salinity, pH and bile salt. Isolates displayed different antibiotic susceptibility profile, with six exhibited antimicrobial properties against E. tarda. Molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed 99.44%, 98.59% and 91.21% sequence similarity with Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides strain 3832T, Leuconostoc lactis strain KCC202369T and Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain 4332T, respectively as compared to known sequence in the GenBank. When identified Leuconostoc spp. were coated on feed pellets, no major decrease in viability over 21 days of storage at 4 °C were observed, with an average of 8 log CFU/mL. Conclusion, significance and impact of study The characterized species allow further application assessment of the probiotic-supplemented tilapia feed. Host-originated Leuconostoc displayed potential antimicrobial properties against fish pathogen E. tarda. The isolates Leuconostoc is expected to provide protective effect for Oreochromis spp. against edwardsiellosis and to exert beneficial effects more efficiently as compared to commercial probiotics which are not specifically target for Oreochromis spp., thereby indirectly helping fish farmers in achieving economic sustainability and increase affordability of fish.
Leuconostoc ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Tilapia ; Edwardsiella tarda--pathogenicity ; Probiotics

Leuconostoc species are Gram-positive coccobacilli and are used in dairy products and are intrinsically resistant to vancomycin. Leuconostoc infections are rare in humans, usually occurring in immune-compromised patients. We describe 6 patients with Leuconostoc bacteremia at Dong-A university hospital between 1990 and 2015. One isolate (L. lactis) was identified to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. All patients had underlying diseases and 5 patients underwent procedures that interrupted the normal integumentary defense. Four patients died within 30 days after being identified as carrying Leuconostoc species.
Bacteremia ; Dairy Products ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Leuconostoc ; Vancomycin ; Vancomycin Resistance

Brain Abscess ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Leuconostoc ; pathogenicity ; Male ; Sepsis ; complications ; microbiology

Although Leuconostoc species have rarely been isolated from clinical specimens, this organism may cause invasive infections such as bacteremia and meningitis in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of Leuconostoc garlicum bacteremia in an 84-year-old male with hemovac catheter placement, vancomycin therapy, and inflammatory enterocolitis as underlying risk factors.
Aged, 80 and over ; Bacteremia ; Catheters ; Enterocolitis ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Leuconostoc ; Male ; Meningitis ; Risk Factors ; Vancomycin

Although Leuconostoc species have rarely been isolated from clinical specimens, this organism may cause invasive infections such as bacteremia and meningitis in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of Leuconostoc garlicum bacteremia in an 84-year-old male with hemovac catheter placement, vancomycin therapy, and inflammatory enterocolitis as underlying risk factors.
Aged, 80 and over ; Bacteremia ; Catheters ; Enterocolitis ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Leuconostoc ; Male ; Meningitis ; Risk Factors ; Vancomycin

The objective of this study was to develop fermented vegetable juices that possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. Lactobacillus plantarum MKHA15 (MKHA15) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides MKSR (MKSR) were applied to ferment onion, cabbage, and tomato juices at 37℃ and 30℃ for 72 h, respectively, and their functionality was tested using the 12 h hour-fermented juice by MKHA15, and 48 h hour-fermented juice by MKSR. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity was observed in all fermented juices. The onion juice fermented by MKHA15 showed significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibition activity compared to other juices. All juices showed more than 70% inhibition of α-amylase activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of onion juice fermented by MKSR showed significantly lower activity than cabbage and tomato juices; however, no difference was observed between the types of starter cultures. The SOD-like activity of cabbage juice fermented by MKSR was the highest among the fermented juices. The juices fermented by MKHA15 showed higher reducing power than those by MKSR. Therefore, we believe that cabbage, onion and tomato juice fermented by MKHA15 and MKSR would be useful in probiotic juices, as they possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activities.
Brassica ; Fruit and Vegetable Juices ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; Lactobacillus ; Leuconostoc ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Onions ; Probiotics ; Vegetables

Alopecia ; Classification ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Functional Food ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Leuconostoc ; Male ; Pilot Projects ; Probiotics ; Scalp ; Soybeans

Leuconostoc species are gram-positive cocci and they are rarely pathogenic in human. Leuconostoc infections are commonly associated with immunocompromised status and indwelling medical devices include intravenous catheter, tracheostomy, endotracheal intubation and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Clinical isolates of Leuconostoc were frequently misidentified, usually as viridans streptococci, but they possess inherent resistance to vancomycin despite sensitivity to most other antibiotics. We present a case of Leuconostoc peritonitis in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A 48-year-old man with hypertensive nephropathy has been treated with peritoneal dialysis, developed peritonitis due to Leuconostoc species. The peritonitis was poorly responded to empirical antibiotics. He was successfully treated with intraperitoneal administration of ampicillin. The dialysis catheter was left in place, and continued to function. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Leuconostoc peritonitis reported in Korea.
Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters ; Dialysis ; Gastrostomy ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Korea ; Leuconostoc* ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis* ; Tracheostomy ; Vancomycin ; Viridans Streptococci