Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease with a long incubation period caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The average incubation period for tuberculoid and lepromatous cases are 2-5 years and 8-12 years respectively1,2. Risk factors for leprosy includes age, sex, household contact and Bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination3. We present an asymptomatic 3 month-old infant with high immunoglobulin M titre mycobacterium leprae antibody whose mother has morbus borderline lepromatous leprosy.

We describe a case of a 10-year old female who consulted at our institution with plaques on the scalp, neck, trunk and extremities. The lesions were multiple, erythematous to violaceous, flat-topped papules and plaques with Wickham's striae. The nail involvement showed thinning of the nail plate, onycholysis, onychodystrophy, longitudinal ridging, and starting pterygium. Biopsy showed orthokeratosis, wedge-shaped hypergranulosis, irregular acanthosis and lichenoid pattern (mostly lymphocytes). Focal vacuolar alteration is also noted with few melanophages present and few Civatte bodies are noted. Negative HBsAg, anti-HBs and HCV were noted. The patient was treated with clobetasol dipropionate ointment,prednisone 10mg/day, oral antibiotic and antihistamine with marked clinical improvement after 2 weeks.

Human ; Female ; Child ; Anti-bacterial Agents ; Clobetasol ; Lymphocytes ; Nail Diseases ; Nails ; Prednisone ; Pterygium ; Scalp ; Skin Diseases

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer that arises from basal cells, slow-growingtumors that almost never metastasize. Untreated BCCs have the potential to continue to grow anddestroy surrounding skin and nearby structures leading to physical deformity. The key to treatmentis to ensure that there is no more cancer left in the skin. Reconstruction with V-Y skin flaps can beperformed in several areas of the face. We reported a 62-year-old female patient with pigmentednodular BCC tumor on left cheek who was successfully treated with wide excision with V-Y skin flapunder bilevel surgical tumescent anesthesia.

Objective: To monitor the physiological characteristics and genes expression of obesity rat model after rambutan peel extract (RPE) treatment. Methods: Twenty-four 12-week-old male rats were divided into 4 groups: normal, obesity, obesity treated with ellagic acid (O-EA) and obesity treated with RPE30 (O-RPE30). Physiological characteristics were monitored by measuring body weight, calorie intake, size of adipocyte and level of triglyceride. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins α and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) expression were observed using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR methods. Results: Body weight gain of O-EA and O-RPE30 rats were lower than obesity group and size of adipocyte cells were smaller than obesity group ( P < 0.05), but when we compared to normal group, those groups had higher body weight gain and larger adipocyte cells. The level of triglycerides, protein expression of PPARγ and mRNA level of FABP4 genes were significantly downregulated on O-EA and O-RPE30 compared to obesity group ( P < 0.05). Our results indicated that RPE had potential substance as inhibitor of body weight gain, declining of size of adipocyte, level of triglycerides, PPARγ expression and mRNA level of FABP4 gene on obesity rat model. Conclusions: RPE have anti-obesity activity by inhibiting body weight gain, declining size of adipocyte, decreasing triglyceride, PPARγ expression and mRNA level of FABP4 gene on obesity rat model.