Objective To investigate the behavior characteristics of children or juveniles with accident proneness and to explore the influencing factors of children and juveniles accident proneness in behavior.Methods The study was carried out bv case-control method,and 1 601 children and juveniles from a rural area of hunan province were investigated with homemade general injury questionnaire.Accident proneness children or juveniles screened out from cross-sectional studv were selected into research group,while uninjured children or juveniles whose gender,age and grade were the same with the research group were included into control group with 1:1 matched.Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist was used to evaluate and compare these two groups of children and juveniles' behavior.Results 147 accident proneness children and juveniles were screened out from the study and the accident proneness incidence of children and juveniles in rural areas was 9.42％.The total score and each factor score of behavior problem and behavioral problems detection rate iu research group were higher than that of the control group and there were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that attention problem (OR=1.110,95％ CI =1.041-1.185) and aggressive behavior (OR=1.123,95％ CI =1.068-1.181) were risk factors of accident proneness.Conclusion Accident proneness children and juveniles' behavior is different from the uninjured,which is a risk factors of accident proneness.

AIM: To study individualized treatment of malignant glaucoma.

METHODS: Totally 19 malignant glaucoma patients(19 eyes)admitted in Leshan Ophthalmological Center from January 2016 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Main outcomes of best corrected visual acuitv, intraocular pressure(IOP), anterior chamber depth and complications were closely observed.

RESULTS: IOP were recovered by drug treatments in 7 eyes to anterior chamber depth. 3 eyes were treated by peripheral iridectomy combined with posterior capsule of lens and anterior vitreous membrane excision with YAG laser. 5 eyes were treated by cataract phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation combined with posterior capsule excision and anterior vitrectomy. 1 eye was treated by vitrectomy.1 eye developed to malignant glaucoma during operation was treated by trabeculectomy combined with cataract phacoemulsification after vitreous water-bag was punctured. The post-treatment IOP(14.43±3.46mmHg)significantly declined compared with pre-treatment IOP(31.25±5.19mmHg), the post-treatment anterior chamber depth(2.64±0.47mm)significantly deepened compared with that of pre-treatment(0.69±0.57mm). The best corrected visual acuity in LogMAR before treatment was 0.71±0.25, after the treatment of 0.34±0.19(P<0.05). There were no serious complications except 1 case with low intraocular pressure and choroidal detachment.

CONCLUSION: It is necessary to fully evaluate the specific conditions of patients after the occurrence of malignant glaucoma and adopt individualized treatments according to patient's condition.

AIM: To take a contrastive analysis of glaucoma patients' clinical prognosis and complications after the usage of mitomycin(MMC)or 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)combined with adjustable sutural trabeculectomy.

METHODS: Retrospective case series reseach was undertaken. We divided the 71 cases(including primary open angle glaucoma and primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma)into two groups: MMC group(36 cases)and 5-FU group(35 cases). Both were treated with combined adjustable sutural trabeculectomy with the usage of MMC or 5-FU anti-cicatricial treatment, and followed up to compare intraocular pressure, filtered bubble form and complications.

RESULTS: The intraocular pressure of MMC group was lower than 5-FU group with statistical significance(P<0.05); there was no significant difference in total surgical success rate between groups(P>0.05). Functional filtering bleb formation rate in MMC group was higher than 5-FU group while the formation rate of nonfunctional filtering bleb in MMC group was lower than 5-FU group(P<0.05), which showed no significant difference in complication rate between groups(P>0.05), but the types of complications were different.

CONCLUSION: Both MMC and 5-FU can improve the success rate of glaucoma trabeculectomy as anti-cicatricial drugs. MMC can lower the intraocular pressure, is superior to 5-FU in the formation of functional filtering bleb. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between MMC and 5-FU according to personalized surgical protocols based on patients. When 5-FU is used, it is necessary to separate the filtering blebs repeatedly after operation and to reinject 5-FU under conjunctiva.

AIM: To evaluate the application of single-pass four-throw releasable suture drainage tube ligation technique in Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV)implantation.METHODS: A total of 78 patients(78 eyes)with refractory glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation in the People's Hospital of Leshan from May 2020 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment, the patients were divided into the modified AGV implantation group, with 43 patients(43 eyes)treated by modified AGV implantation, ligating the drainage tube with single-pass four-throw releasable suture, and the traditional AGV implantation group, with 35 patients(35 eyes)treated by traditional AGV implantation. Followed-up for 6mo, the intraocular pressure(IOP), success rate and complications were observed at 1d, 1 and 2wk and 1 and 6mo after operation.RESULTS: Postoperative IOP at all follow-up visits was significantly lower than that before surgery in both groups(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IOP between groups at all follow-up visits(all P>0.05). The incidence of shallow anterior chamber was 5% in the modified AGV implantation group and 23% in the traditional AGV implantation group at 1wk after surgery(P<0.05). At 6mo after operation, the overall success rate was 98% in modified AGV implantation group and 89% in the traditional AGV implantation group(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:During AGV implantation, ligation of drainage tube with single-pass four-throw releasable suture can effectively reduce IOP and reduce the incidence of shallow anterior chamber in early postoperative stage. Furthermore, the technique is safe and efficacious.

AIM: To observe the postoperative changes in macular morphological structure and blood flow density of patients with idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane(IMEM)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), and explore their correlation with visual acuity.METHOD: Prospective study. A total of 45 cases(45 eyes)with IMEM admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were included. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular area thickness(CMT), foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and changes in blood flow density of superficial capillary plexus(SCP)were observed at 1mo, 1, 3 and 6mo before and after operation.RESULT: The BCVA at 1wk after operation had no significant change compared with preoperative data(P>0.05), while it was improved at other time points(P<0.05). The CMT measured at 1wk after operation was thickened significantly(P<0.05), while it was significantly decreased at 1mo, 3mo and 6mo after operation(P<0.05). The FAZ area measured at 1wk and 1mo after operation had no significant change(P>0.05), while it was significantly enlarged at 3 and 6mo after operation(P<0.05). The SCP measured at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation had no significant change(P>0.05), while it was significantly decreased at 6mo after operation(P<0.05). BCVA measured at 3 and 6mo after operation was positively correlated with CMT(r=0.457, 0.615, P=0.032, 0.012).CONCLUSION: The visual acuity of patients with IMEM recovered quickly within 1mo after operation, and then it tended to be stable. However, the recovery of macular foveal morphology and blood flow distribution was slower than that of visual acuity, and there was no obvious correlation with visual acuity.

OBJECTIVE：To study the protec tive effects of scoparone on acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in mice and its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS ：Fifty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group ，model group，silymarin group （positive control ，120 mg/kg），scoparone high-dose and low-dose groups （60，30 mg/kg），with 10 mice in each group. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically. Normal control group and model group were given constant volume of 0.5％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution ，once a day ，for 7 days. Two hours after last medication ， except normal control group was intraperitoneally injected constant volume of olive oil ，other groups were intraperitoneally injected 0.1％ CCl4 olive oil solution （10 mL/kg）at one time to establish the acute liver injury model. The pathological changes of liver tissues in mice were observed by HE staining ；the activity of AST ，ALT，SOD and CAT and the contents of IL- 1β，IL-6，TNF-α and MDA in serum were measured by ELISA ；the phosphorylation of nuclear factor κB（NF-κB）pathway related proteins （NF-κB p65，IκBα）in liver tissue were detected by Western blotting assay. RESULTS ：Compared with normal control group ，serum activities of AST and ALT ，the contents of MDA ，IL-1β，IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased in model group，the activities of SOD and CAT were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；obvious pathological changes were observed in liver tissues ； phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα protein in liver tissues were significantly increased（P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，the activities or contens of related factors in serum of mice were significantly reversed in silymarin group and scoparone high-dose and low-dose groups （P＜0.05）；the pathological changes of liver tissues were significantly reduced ；the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα protein in liver tissues were significantly reduced（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ： Scoparone has a protective effect on CCl 4-induced acute liver injury in mice ，which is related to reducing oxidative stress levels and blocking the activation of NF-κB pathway，thereby inhibiting inflammatory response.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)associated diabetes mellitus(DM)a rare specific type of diabetes,usually developed after the treatment of programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitor or programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitor.We reported 4 cases of DM after ICI use.These patients had a subacute onset,6 to 17 months after the first use of the drug,with diabetic autoantibodies negative.Pancreas atrophy was observed in one of them.All of the patients received treatment of insulin.

17q12 microdeletion syndrome is a rare genetic disease,commonly characterized by newly occurring mutations,which can cause abnormalities of the urinary and reproductive tract,diabetes mellitus,neurological and psychiatric disorders and mild deformities.This article reports a case of 17q12 microdeletion syndrome with CRYBB2 gene missense mutation,combined with menstrual abnormalities,multiple cysts in both kidneys,hypomagnesemia,hyperuricemia,small pancreatic morphology and low pancreatic enzyme levels.

The involvement of parents in nursing is a new nursing model that promotes the recovery of children and increases parental satisfaction. It has the advantages of optimizing medical resources and promoting doctor-patient harmony. Now it is been widely introduced in the nursing of neonatal intensive care units. However, there are huge differences in the implementation of the involvement of parents in nursing, and there is also a lack of evaluation tools for such involvement. This article reviews the theoretical basis and significance, implementation path and effect evaluation of the involvement of parents in nursing at home and abroad, in order to provide a reference for the construction of local involvement programs of parents in nursing in neonatal intensive care units.

Formins are widely distributed in eukaryotes such as fungi, plants and animals. They play crucial roles in regulating the polymerization of actin, coordinating the synergistic interactions between actin and microtubules, and determining cell growth and morphology. Unlike formins from fungi and animals, plant formins have been evolved into two plant-specific types. Generally, type Ⅱ formins are believed to regulate the polarized growth of cells, and type Ⅰ formins may regulate the cell expansion and division processes. Recent studies on the function of plant formins suggest it is inappropriate to classify the function of formins purely based on their structures. This review summarizes the domain organization of formins and their corresponding functions, as well as the underpinning mechanisms. Furthermore, the unsolved or unexplored issues along with future perspectives on plant formins are proposed and discussed.
Actins ; Formins ; Microfilament Proteins ; Plant Cells ; Plant Development ; Plants