Background and purpose: The diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma sometimes is difficult, metastasis of lymph node is the major reason of local relapse and influence prognosis.This study explores the immunohistochemical expression and their diagnostic value of CK19,HBME-1,galectin3,p27 and cyclinD1 in thyroid papillary carcinoma and the relations between p27,cyclinD1 and lymph node metastasis of papillary carcinoma.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used on 50 specimens of benign lesions (40 speciments of nodular goiters and 10 cases of follicular adenomas) and 50 specimens of papillary carcinomas (40 specimens of classic variants and 10 specimens of follicular variants) operated in our hospital from January of 2005 to December of 2008. Results: CK19,HBME-1 and galectin3 were expressed in cytoplasm or on the membrane, but p27 and cyclinD1 were expressed on the nucleus. The expressions of CK19,HBME-1 and galectin3 in thyroid papillary carcinoma were middle to strong positive, the positive ratios were 100%,96% and 100%, respectively;their expressions in benign lesions were negative or low positive, the positive ratios were 10%,10% and 6%, respectively;there were statistical differences between them (P<0.01). The expression of p27 in thyroid papillary carcinoma was low positive or negative, the positive ratio was 14%, but the expression of p27 in benign lesions was middle to strong positive, the ratio was 84%, there was also significant difference between them(P<0.01). The expression of CyclinD1 were similar in benign and malignant lesions of thyroid, the positive ratios were 68% and 78%, respectively, there was no statistical difference between them(P>0.05). There were significant differences(P<0.01) between the benign lesions and the papillary carcinomas in terms of the combination of CK19,HBME-1 and galectin3 expression and there were no significant differences(P>0.05) in the group of the former with underexpression of p27 between the two groups. The differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05) between the underexpression of p27 with the expression of cyclinD1 (the positive ratios in metastasis group and no metastasis group are 72.7% and 71.4%) in the lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: The combined immunohistochemical stainings of CK19,HBME-1 and galectin3 are useful on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma, there is no predicted value of the underexpression of p27 with the expression of cyclinD1 for lymph node matastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the impact of Bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) PET reconstruction method on the uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of lungs, liver, aorta and bones. Methods:From March 2019 to June 2019, the 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 60 patients with clinical diagnosed tumors (29 males, 31 females, age: 24-89 (60.4±15.2) years) in Yuhuangding Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. PET images were reconstructed with ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), time of flight (TOF)+ point spread function (PSF) and BPL (β=350) algorithms. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were delineated on the right upper lung lobe, the right liver, aortic root and lumbar vertebra. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV mean), maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max), peak of lean body standardized uptake value (SUL peak), standard deviation of standardized uptake value (SUV SD) and the SNR were measured. The percentage of SNR change (%ΔSNR) between the BPL method and non-BPL methods were calculated. The correlations between body mass index (BMI) and %ΔSNR were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) t test were used to analyze the data. Results:There were no significant differences of SUV mean and SUL peak in lung, aorta, liver and lumbar vertebra among 3 methods ( F values: 0.04-1.95, all P>0.05). The SUV max in lung, aorta, liver and lumbar vertebra of BPL reconstruction (1.14±0.82, 2.13±0.37, 2.95±0.50 and 2.76±0.87) was significantly lower than those of TOF+ PSF (1.56±0.61, 2.99±0.75, 4.32±0.94 and 4.05±1.48) and OSEM (1.51±0.67, 3.00±0.70, 4.45±1.12 and 3.81±1.06) reconstructions ( F values: 20.59-52.24, all P<0.001) and SUV SD (0.13±0.07, 0.20±0.05, 0.26±0.06, 0.38±0.17) was also significantly lower than those of TOF+ PSF (0.24±0.11, 0.43±0.11, 0.58±0.15, 0.67±0.21) and OSEM (0.21±0.09, 0.42±0.10, 0.58±0.14, 0.63±0.20) reconstructions ( F values: 24.46-124.95, all P<0.001), while the SNR (4.67±1.34, 7.74±2.22, 8.17±1.77, 4.45±1.22) was significantly higher than those of TOF+ PSF (2.54±0.72, 3.55±0.82, 3.77±0.91, 2.49±0.69) and OSEM (2.65±0.64, 3.67±0.80, 3.75±0.87, 2.60±0.67) reconstructions ( F values: 83.04-247.73, all P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences between OSEM and TOF+ PSF reconstructed images in SUL peak, SUV mean, SUV SD and SNR (all P>0.05). In BPL group, SNR increased with the increase of BMI, and there were statistically differences of aortic SNR (7.07±2.21 vs 9.67±2.26) and liver SNR (7.75±1.85 vs 9.32±0.70) between BMI<25 kg/m 2 and BMI≥30 kg/m 2 ( F values: 3.46 and 4.19, both P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between %ΔSNR of lung, aorta, liver and lumbar vertebra in OSEM and TOF+ PSF and BMI ( r value: 0.042-0.354, all P<0.05). Conclusion:In background tissues, BPL algorithm has no significant impact on absolute quantification compared with OSEM and TOF + PSF reconstruction methods but it can significantly improve SNR, especially for the patients with large body weight.

Purpose:The efficacy of evaluation of changes of tumoral uptake of 3'-deoxy-3'-[~(18)F] fluorothymidine (FLT) was comparatively analyzed with that of ~(18)F-FDG at early stage after anticancer chemotherapy.Materials and Methods:Cells derived from human lung adenocarcinoma were incubated with cisplatin (CDDP),5-fluorouracil(5-FU),doxorubicin (Dox),for 1,4,24 and 72h.The doses(CD-DP: 67 μM; 5-FU 1,540 μM;MTX: 440 μM;) were determined corresponding to a estimated 10% - 95% proliferation inhibition.The cells were allowed to recover before FLT or FDG being added into the culture media for 60 min.Cell counts,viability,estimated by MTT method,were used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy.Results: FLT uptake was increased significantly at 1 and 4 h after treatment with 5-FU( 145 ± 12%,150 ± 14%,P <0.01).decreased at 24 h and 72 h.In contrast,FLT accumulation was significantly reduced at cytostatic concentrations of CDDP at different time.The uptake of FDG did not change significantly at early time points after treatment,but decreased at 72 h.Conclusion: The tumor cell uptake of FLT revealed specific changes depending on the auti-cancer drug used at much earlier time than FDG after chemotherpay.