Objective To observe the treatment of continuous passive motion ( CPM) on lower motor function in pa-tients with stroke.Methods 60 patients were evenly randomized into control group and treatment group .The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment , while the treatment group received conventional rehabilitation and CPM therapy .They were assessed with modified Ashworth scale ( MAS) ,Fugl-Meyer assessment ( FMA) ( lower limb,hip,knee and ankle) and 10-meter walking time.Results After treatment,the scores of MAS,FMA and 10-meter walking time were both improved when compared with those before treatment (P<0.05),and between the two groups ,the scores of MAS , FMA and 10-meter walking time were much better in the treatment group with signifi-cant difference ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion CPM can alleviate muscle spasms ,and enhance the muscle group coordi-nation on foot .Furthermore,CPM can contribute to the balance and lower limb motor function , and strengthen gait of patients with stroke .

Objective Cervical lymph node enlargement may be attributed to inflammation or tumors .This study was to analyze the pitfalls in fine-needle aspiration cytology ( FNAC) of cervical lymph nodes and the measures for avoiding misdiagnosis of cervical lymph node lesions . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data about 435 cases of FNAC in comparison with the results of corre-sponding tissue biopsies in cervical lymph nodes . Results Among the 435 cases, 7 showed disagreement between the results of cytolog-ic and histologic diagnoses, which included 5 males and 2 females, at the age of 41 to 71 (58.4 ±8.9) years.Six of the cases presented with local lymph node enlargement and 1 with generalized lymphadenopathy, all with enlarged lymph nodes palpable 1-4 cm in diameter . Based on the results of FNAC, 1 case of malignant lymphoma was misdiagnosed as lowly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 1 case of lympho-ma misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated metastatic carcinoma, 2 cases of lymphoma diagnosed as lymphoproliferation and recommended for biopsy, 1 case suggestive of malignant tumor without further classification, and 2 cases microscopically characterized and recommended for lymph node biopsy.Compared with the results of the biopsy, FNAC achieved a 99.3%coincidence rate of qualitative diagnosis (432/425), with a misdiagnosis rate of 1.6%(7/435). Conclusion FNAC plays a very important role in the initial identification of the nature of lymph node lesions and the type of tumors.Practiced puncture skills and intimate knowledge about the histopathological features, diagnostic criteria, and differential diagnosis of the lymphatic system disorders are essential for improving the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC .

Objective To estimate the efficacy and safety of Voriconazole as antifungal prophylaxis of invasive fungal infection ( IFI) for malignant hematology patients. Methods The randomized controlled trials of Voriconazole treatment in invasive fungal infection for malignant hematology patients (ended in September 2014) were searched from Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CBM, CNKI, Blood database. The meta analysis were performed by RevMan5.0. Results Ten literatures reported in 1 773 cases, in which there was significantly difference in effective rate between Voriconazole and other antifungal agents such as Amphotericin-B, Itraconazole, Micafungin and Fluconazole(P < 0.000 01); Four literatures indicated that there was significantly difference in adverse event rate between Voriconazole and amphotericin-B (P < 0.00 001); no significantly difference in adverse event rate between Voriconazole and amphotericin-B(P = 0.57); no significantly difference in adverse event rate between Voriconazole and Micafungin (P = 0.69); no significantly difference in adverse event rate between Voriconazole and Fluconazole (P = 0.70); Subgroup analysis indicated that adverse event rate between Voriconazole and Itraconazole is P=0.001, P = 0.17 respectively. Conclusion Voriconazole showed relative high efficient and low toxicity characteristics in treatment of malignant hematology accompanied by invasive fungal infection. But with its widely clinical application, the clinical value of Voriconazole needs to be further tested.

Objective To study the influence of irradiation on the osteoblast function by the gene expression changes of RANKL and OPG.Methods Bone marrow stromal cells were induced to develop into early and mature osteoblasts in vitro.The characterization of osteoblasts was indentified by ALP staining.The RANKL and OPG mRNA levels in early and mature osteoblasts, which exposed to 0 -4 Gy radiation were determined by RT-PCR.Results Bone marrow stromal cells had been induced to early and mature osteoblasts by osteoblast differentiation medium in vitro.In early stage of osteoblast, RANKL mRNA expression levels treated with 1Gy irradiation was 2.83-fold higher than those other irradiation dosage groups.The RANKL mRNA expression levels of each group in early stage of osteoblasts were significantly higher than those in the mature counterpart ( t = 8.34 - 103.57, P ＜ 0.05 ).The ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA was obviously greater in early osteoblast compared with the mature cells ( t = 2.84 - 20.99, P ＜0.05 ), and it was the highest in 1Gy irradiation treated early osteoblast.Conclusions Radiation exposure of the early osteoblasts promotes osteoclasts function and results in the bone loss.

Objective: : This study analyzed the influence of p120-catenin (catenin [cadherin-associated protein], delta 1 [CTNND1]) on the malignant characteristics of glioma and elucidated the potential underlying mechanism. Methods: : The p120 expression level was assessed in the brain tissues of 42 glioma patients and 10 patients with epilepsy by using the immunohistochemical method. Meanwhile, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QT-PCR) technology was employed to assess the expression of p120 in the brain tissues of 71 glioma patients and 13 epilepsy patients. LN229, U251, and U87 glioma cells were used for in vitro analysis and categorized into four treatment groups : siRNA-blank control (BC) group (no RNA sequence was transfected), siRNA-negative control (NC) group (transfected control RNA sequences with no effect), and siRNA-1 and siRNA-2 groups (two p120-specific interfering RNA transfection). p120 expression in these treatment groups was quantified by western blotting assay. The migratory and invasive capabilities of glioma cells were studied by wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay, respectively, under different treatment conditions. MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide) assay and cell cycle and apoptosis assay were used to determine glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Enzymelabeled assay was performed to measure intracellular calcium ion concentration. Immunofluorescence assay was performed for determining microtubule formation and glioma cell distribution. Results: : Brain tissues of the glioma group exhibited a remarkable increase in the p120 expression level as compared to brain tissues of the nontumor group (p<0.05). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was noted between the malignancy degree in glioma brain tissues and p120 expression in Western blotting (r=0.906, p<0.0001) and QT-PCR (F=830.6, p<0.01). Compared to the BC and NC groups, the siRNA transfection groups showed a significant suppression in p120 expression in glioma cells (p<0.05), with a marked attenuation in the invasive, migratory, and proliferative capabilities of glioma cells as well as an increase in apoptotic potential (p<0.05). Enzyme-labeled assay showed a remarkable increase in calcium concentration in glioma cells after siRNA treatment. Immunofluorescence assay revealed that the microtubule formation ability of glioma cells reduced after siRNA treatment. Conclusion : p120 has a pivotal involvement in facilitating glioma cell invasion and proliferation by potentially modulating these processes through its involvement in microtubule formation and regulation of intracellular calcium ion levels.

Objective: To understand the epidemiology characteristics of child injury aged 6-17. Data was from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) and the results of the study would provide corresponding intervention strategies and decision-making for child injury prevention. Methods: Descriptive analysis was applied to depict the general information, injury event and clinical characteristics of child injury aged 6-17 from 2015 to 2018. Results: A total of 331 663 child injury cases aged 6-17 were reported, with the male and female ratio appeared as 2.19∶1. 15:00-18:59 was the peak time of injury cases from 2015 to 2018. The majority of the injuries occurred unintentional(94.85%). The top three causes of injury cases were falling(51.38%), blunt injury (12.50%)and road traffic injury(11.27%). The injuries occurred mainly at home(28.23%), in schools/public places (27.70%) and on the road/street(20.35%). The main activities were leisure activities (46.67%) and sports activities(14.36%). 49.06% cases were bruise. 31.18% of the injury involved with head, but 83.32% of injuries were minor, while 90.05% left hospital after the treatment. Conclusion Falls, blunt injury and road traffic injury are the key causes of children aged 6-17 to go to the outpatient /emergency department for treatment. Prevention and control should be carried out according to the epidemic characteristics of injuries among children of different genders and ages.

OBJECTIVETo establish a near-infrared spectroscopy quantitative model for rapid determination of the patchouli alcohol content in Pogostemon cablin.

METHODThe gas chromatography was adopted for determining the content of patchouli alcohol content in 102 batches of P. cablin samples. Their near-infrared spectrograms were collected and preprocessed by standard normal variate and the first derivative of Savitsky-Golay. The quantitative model of patchouli alcohol content was established by the partial least squares regression analysis.

RESULTAccording to the correction model established in this study, the root-mean-square error of calibration, the root-mean-square error of prediction and the root-mean-square error of cross-validation of the calibration model for Patchouli alcohol were 0.991 10, 0.012 9, 0.012 8 and 0.033 15, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe near-infrared spectroscopy quantitative model established in this study is stable, accurate and reliable for the rapid determination of the content of patchouli alcohol in P. cablin.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemiological characteristics of head injuries in children.

METHODSData was derived from the Chinese National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) in 2014. Method on descriptive analysis was applied to depict general information, injuries events and clinical characteristics of head injuries among children under 18 years of age.

RESULTSA total number of 47 690 cases with child head injuries in 2014 were collected, including 32 542 males and 15 148 females. 43.47% of them were under 1-4 years of age. In October, 06:00 PM appeared the peak time for the injuries to happen. The three leading causes responsible for child head injuries were falls (69.57%), hit by blunt force (14.23%) or road traffic (11.01%). Main locations responsible for the head injuries to happen were:at home (44.98%), at public places (19.65%) or on roads/streets (15.81%). Recreation activates (77.88%), driving (7.32%), sports (5.72%) were the three major activities causing the injuries to take place. Majority of the cases happened unintentionally (95.35%), with bruise (71.69%) or mild injuries (85.27%) and went back home after treatment (90.25%).

CONCLUSIONSIn 2014, child head injuries were seen more in males than in females and mostly occured at home. The leading causes for head injuries would include falls, hit by blunt stuff or road traffic .

Accidental Falls ; statistics & numerical data ; Accidents, Traffic ; statistics & numerical data ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; statistics & numerical data ; Automobile Driving ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; epidemiology ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; Recreation ; Sports ; Transportation ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

Objective To understand the factors related with child restraint system (CRS) use,and provide evidence for the development of appropriate intervention measures to promote the use of CRS for the protection of child passengers' safety.Methods Self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted among 0-6 years old children' s parents who owned private cars selected through stratified cluster random sampling in Shanghai and Shenzhen to collect date about CRS use and related factors.Group discussion was conducted among some of the parents randomly selected to further understand the reasons for using or not using CRS.Results Of 7 528 parents surveyed,39.23 ％ (2 820/7 189) reported to have CRS and 17.14％(1 232/7 189) reported consistent use of CRS.Multivariate analysis indicated that young age of children,high level of education of parents,good family economic status,awareness of importance of children's safety were the positive factors for CRS use.The frequency and distance of children' car taking and the seatbelt use of drivers significantly influenced the CRS use.The main reasons for not purchasing CRS included limited car space (53.33％,2 329/4 367),low frequency of children car taking (48.55％,2 120/4 367),difficulty in installation (42.25％,1 845/4 367),high cost (38.58％,1 685/4 367),and unreliable quality (31.03％,1 355/4 367).The main reasons for not using CRS included children' s refusal (67.36％,293/435),short travel distance (53.79％,234/435),difficulty in installation or use (53.10％,231/435),limited car space (32.41％,141/435),and unnecessary (25.75％,112/435).Conclusions Parents have gaps and misunderstandings in using CRSs to protect child passengers safety.There are demands of technical guiding service in use of CRS.Integrated intervention measures should be implemented targeting at the identified barriers and needs in CRS use to promote child passenger safety,which include strengthening the propaganda and education,promoting the legislation and law enforcement,strengthening market supervision,establishing CRS related services site,exploring the rental market,etc.

Arachidonic acid, as an important polyunsaturated fatty acid, is identified as potential food additives or pharmaceuticals for their biological activities. In recent years, arachidonic acid production by Mortierella alpina is becoming a research highlight. The prophase relevant researches focused on the mutagenic breeding and fermentation optimization. With the depth of investigation, the advancement concerning pathway for the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid in Mortierella alpina has been made. In this review, we summarized the prophase work briefly. Mainly, we discussed the biosynthesis pathway of arachidonic acid, the key enzymes, the construction of transformation system and the genetic modification. In addition, the prospect of microorganism arachidonic acid production is put forward.
Arachidonic Acid ; biosynthesis ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; methods ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Mortierella ; genetics ; metabolism