Objective To explore the clinical application of PKP in treatment of VCF in elderly patients . Methods 77 elderly patients with VCF were divided randomly into PVP group unilateral PKP group and bilateral PKP group by method of random number table .Preoperative and postoperative VAS scores , vertebral height , Cobb′s angles,operative duration and incidence of bone cement leakage were observed and compared before and after opera -tions in different groups .Results VAS score after 6 days and 6 weeks after operation decreased significantly in all patients.In PVP group,VAS improved form (8.47 ±1.42) to (2.15 ±0.83) at 6 days after treatment ( t=5.24) and to (2.89 ±0.82) at 6 weeks after treatment(t=4.82);In unilateral PKP group,VAS improved form (8.52 ± 1.20) to (2.11 ±0.78) at 6 days after treatment(t=5.93) and to (2.04 ±0.75) at 6 weeks after treatment (t=2.05);In bilateral PKP group,VAS improved form (8.44 ±1.24) to (2.14 ±0.82) at 6 days after treatment (t=6.29) and to (2.02 ±0.71) at 6 weeks after treatment (t=3.14),(all P<0.05);VAS score after 6 weeks in PVP group was significantly higher than that in other two groups ( tunilateral PKP =5.19, tbilateral PKP =6.82, P <0.05);vertebral height and Cobb′s angle were improved significantly after operations in all patients ,In PVP group, vertebral leading edge height improved from (18.19 ±1.32)mm to (20.17 ±1.66)mm(t=7.53),vertebral back edge height improved from (23.62 ±0.71)mm to (24.07 ±0.60)mm (t=6.18),Cobb′s angle improved from (10.26 ±1.60) degrees to (5.40 ±0.92) degrees (t=4.92)(all P<0.05);In unilateral PKP group,vertebral leading edge height improved from (19.17 ±1.12)mm to (21.60 ±1.02)mm(t=5.51),vertebral back edge height improved from (22.31 ±0.92)mm to(24.98 ±0.30)mm(t=6.25),Cobb′s angle improved from (10.55 ±1.48) degrees to(5.28 ±0.43)degrees(t=5.44)(all P<0.05);In bilateral PKP group,vertebral leading edge height im-proved from (18.63 ±1.24)mm to (20.46 ±1.11)mm(t =4.28),vertebral back edge height improved from (24.61 ±0.40)mm to (25.09 ±0.43)mm(t =9.62),Cobb′s angle improved from (10.72 ±1.52)degrees to (55.32 ±0.48)degrees(t=8.36)(all P<0.05).Operative duration was significantly longer in bilateral PKP group which was (57.54 ±12.75)min than that in PVP group which was (40.39 ±11.40)min (t=7.10),or unilateral group which was (38.18 ±15.31)min (t=5.42,all P<0.05);incidence of bone cement leakage was significantly higher in PVP group(64.00%) than in bilateral(19.23%,χ2 =10.59)/unilateral groups(23.08%,χ2 =8.66)(all P<0.05).Conclusion Unilateral PKP is a proper method in treatment of VCF in elderly patients .

Objective To evaluate the effect of TGF-β3 on rabbit nucleus pulposus( NP) cells cultured in three-dimensional polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)scaffold in vitro.Methods PLGA scaffolds were fabricated by particulate leaching method and soaked in rabbit NP cells suspension(1 × 106/scaffold).PLGA-seeded NP cells were devided into 4 groups: 100 ng/mL TGF-β3/PLGA,500 ng/mL TGF-β3/PLGA,1 μg/mL TGF-β3/PLGA, PLGA control group.Cell proliferation activity was measured using MTT assay.The glycosaminoglycan ( GAG ) analysis were performed by 1, 9-dimethylmethylene blue(DMMB) assay.mRNA expression was measured by quantitive PCR at each time point.Histological observation was performed to elucidate the morphological changes of NP cells in PLGA effected by TGF-β3.Results Higher cellular proliferation activity, GAG production,Collagen type II, Aggrean expression were observed in TGF-β3 /PLGA-seeded NP cells compared with PLGA control group on day-7,day-14,day-21(P<0.05). Higher dose of TGF-β3 exhibited intense cellular proliferation activity and peri-cellular matrix by increasing trend(P<0.05).Histological observation showed TGF-β3/PLGA developed more significant disc cells cluster than PLGA groups on day-21.Conclusion The 3D porous PLGA scaffold-seeded cells using TGF-β3 can promotes cell proliferation, and prompt extracellular matrix(ECM) production.It is a potential biotherapy for the treatment of disc degeneration.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive internal fixation for femoral intertrochanteric fracture in osteoporotic elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 112 patients using interan nail (IN) or trochanteric antegrade nail (TAN) for the management of intertrochanteric femoral fracture from January 2009 to September 2015 in our hospital. According to AO classification, there were 34 cases of type 31-A.1, and 61 cases of type 31-A.2, 17 cases of type 31-A.3. Clinical and radiological follow-up were available. Surgical and fluoroscopic time, length of hospital stay, blood loss, complications and hip functions were compared between two groups. Results A total of 78 patients meeting the criteria were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 15 months (range, 3-27 months). The IN was used in 41 patients and the TAN in 37 patients. Operative time, fluoroscopy time and blood loss showed significant difference between the IN group and TAN group (respectively, 58.9±6.9 vs. 75.6±5.9min; 2.70±0.47 vs. 4.40±0.47min; 107.6±6.7 vs. 127.8±6.8ml, P<0.05), suggesting that patients treated with the IN experienced shorter operative and fluoroscopy times, less blood loss and better hip function (73%) than those with TAN (65%, P<0.05). Rate of postoperative complications was lower in the IN group (4.9%) than in the TAN group (10.8%, P<0.05). There was no difference in hospital stay and fracture healing time between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions For minimally invasive treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures, use of either the IN or TAN is clinically effective. However, IN presents more advantages (e.g., easy operation, reliable fixation, less bleeding, better clinical outcomes, and less complications). The use of IN is a suitable option for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in osteoporotic elderly patients.

Objective:To investigate the genetic characteristics of norovirus (NoV) in children with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai.Methods:A total of 709 stool specimens were collected from outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Children′s Hospital of Shanghai from October 2018 to September 2019. Real-time RT-PCR was used for qualitative detection of NoV, and RT-PCR was used to identify the genotypes of NoV with the primers of VP1 gene, RdRp region and RdRp-VP1 region. SPSS20.0 statistical software was used for data processing and bioinformatics software was used for homology, phylogenetic and recombination analysis of NoV gene sequences.Results:NoV was detected in 265 out of the 709 stool specimens with a positive rate of 37.4%. Sequence analysis of RdRp region and VP1 gene showed that seven different genotypes including GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2, GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3, GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012, GⅡ.P7-GⅡ.6, GⅡ.P8-GⅡ.8, GⅡ.P21-GⅡ.13 and GⅡ.P17-GⅡ.17 were detected from 111 NoV-positive specimens. The predominated genotype was GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2 (30.6%, 34/111), followed by GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012 (27.0%, 30/111) and GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3 (24.3%, 27/111). Two new NoV recombinant strains belonging to GⅡ.P21-GⅡ.13 genotype were identified and the recombination site was in the junction region of ORF1 and ORF2. NoV infection occurred every month, but the predominant genotype was different. No significant difference in the positive rates of NoV was found between male and female patients ( P=0.329). However, there were significant differences between different age groups ( P=0.011) and the children in the age groups of >11-12 years old and >2-3 years old had higher rates of NoV infection. Conclusions:The predominated recombinant NoV strains belonged to GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2, GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012 and GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3 genotypes, and two new recombinant NoV strains (GⅡ.P21-GⅡ.13) were found in Shanghai during October 2018 to September 2019. Gene sequencing across ORF1 and ORF2 was conducive to better understanding the NoV genotypes and recombination.

Objective:To explore the correlation of EBV DNA load in two different types of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection diseases.Methods:A retrospective evaluated was performed on EBV DNA quantification in plasma and PBMCs by qPCR between April, 2019 and December, 2020. The samples were collected from children of 456 cases with EBV infection and 2 306 healthy cases. In EBV infection group, boys were 253 and girls were 203, aged from 8 days to months to 16 years. In healthy group, boys were 1 267 and girls were 1 039, aged from 8 days to 16 years.Results:Infectious mononucleosis (IM) was the most common disease associated with EBV infection 73.68%(336/456). The detection rate of plasma and PBMCs in EBV infection group was 91.89% (419/456)and 99.34% (453/456)respectively, and was 100%(456/456) in plasma or PBMCs. The detection rate of plasma and PBMCs in healthy group was 1.13%(26/2 306) and 30.01%(715/2 306), respectively. Levels of EBV DNA in plasma and PBMCs in EBV infection group [IM, acute infections, pneumonia, post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, tonsillitis and lymphadenitis] was significantly higher than those in healthy group (In plasma, Z=-47.18,-34.41,-33.40,-31.71,-24.38,-20.86 and -20.59,respectively; In PBMCs, Z=-33.17,-16.45,-11.33,-9.45,-5.57,-5.16 and -5.45, respectively; P<0.05). In IM group, EBV DNA load in plasma and PBMCs in remission stage was significantly lower than those in infection stage ( Z=-11.45, -8.53; P<0.05). In PTLD group, there was significant difference in EBV DNA load in plasma between infection and remission stage ( Z=-4.13, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in EBV DNA load in PBMCs ( Z=-0.817, P>0.05). Conclusions:EBV infection was mainly caused by IM. Combined detection of plasma and PBMCs in EBV DNA is valuable for improving diagnosis ability of EBV infection-related diseases, and the load of EBV DNA could be used as a marker.

Objective:To explore the correlation of EBV DNA load in two different types of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection diseases.Methods:A retrospective evaluated was performed on EBV DNA quantification in plasma and PBMCs by qPCR between April, 2019 and December, 2020. The samples were collected from children of 456 cases with EBV infection and 2 306 healthy cases. In EBV infection group, boys were 253 and girls were 203, aged from 8 days to months to 16 years. In healthy group, boys were 1 267 and girls were 1 039, aged from 8 days to 16 years.Results:Infectious mononucleosis (IM) was the most common disease associated with EBV infection 73.68%(336/456). The detection rate of plasma and PBMCs in EBV infection group was 91.89% (419/456)and 99.34% (453/456)respectively, and was 100%(456/456) in plasma or PBMCs. The detection rate of plasma and PBMCs in healthy group was 1.13%(26/2 306) and 30.01%(715/2 306), respectively. Levels of EBV DNA in plasma and PBMCs in EBV infection group [IM, acute infections, pneumonia, post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, tonsillitis and lymphadenitis] was significantly higher than those in healthy group (In plasma, Z=-47.18,-34.41,-33.40,-31.71,-24.38,-20.86 and -20.59,respectively; In PBMCs, Z=-33.17,-16.45,-11.33,-9.45,-5.57,-5.16 and -5.45, respectively; P<0.05). In IM group, EBV DNA load in plasma and PBMCs in remission stage was significantly lower than those in infection stage ( Z=-11.45, -8.53; P<0.05). In PTLD group, there was significant difference in EBV DNA load in plasma between infection and remission stage ( Z=-4.13, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in EBV DNA load in PBMCs ( Z=-0.817, P>0.05). Conclusions:EBV infection was mainly caused by IM. Combined detection of plasma and PBMCs in EBV DNA is valuable for improving diagnosis ability of EBV infection-related diseases, and the load of EBV DNA could be used as a marker.