Objective To investigate the changes in discharge rates of pain-sensitive neurons (PSN) in thalamic parafaseicular nucleus ( Pf) following coronary artery occlusion (CAO) and the effects of urapidil, a partial 5-HT agonist. Methods One-hundred male SD rats weighing 260-300 g were operated upon under urethane anesthesia and local infiltration of the skin incision. The animals were tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated. A hole was drilled in the skull until the brain was exposed. A single-barrel glass electrode was inserted, aiming at the PSN, the discharges of which were filtered, amplified and recorded. Chest was opened and heart was exposed. A tie was placed around the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery which can be occluded whenever needed. The study was divided into 3 groups : group I CAO alone; group II CAO + urapidil and group III CAO + urapidil + methysergide ( a potent serotonin antagonist). Urapidil 0.21 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously 15 min after CAO. Methysergide 0.1 mg.kg-1 was given iv 20 min after urapidil. Results Discharges of PSN were recorded in 45 animals out of the 100, and the recordings were complete for investigation in 31 animals. CAO evoked significant increase in the discharge frequency of PSN in 18/31 animals. After intravenous urapidil the increased frequency of nociceptive discharges was inhibited; however intravenous methysergide could partially antagonize the antinociceptive effect of urapidil. Conclusion The results indicate that (1 )the nociceptive response could be induced by CAO in rats; (2) Pf nucleus of thafamus is involved in the myocardial ischemia-induced nociceptive response of central nervous system; (3) serotonin plays a critical role in the modulation of the nociceptive signal of acute myocardial ischemia.

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of establishment for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) model in rats after allo-bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), in order to provide premise conditions for further studying the immuno-regulation role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) on GVHD after allo-BMT. METHODS: This experiment was finished in Laboratory of Pathology and Pathophysiology in Sun Yat-sen University from April to September 2006.①Six-week-old male Fischer344 rats (RT1Al) were used as donors while six-week-old female Waster (RT1Au) rats were used as recipients.②Recipient rats were given water supplemented with gentamycin (320 mg/L) and erythromycin (250 mg/L) three days before BMT. On the day of transplantation, recipient rats received 8.0 Gy (60Co ?, 0.7 Gy/min) total body irradiation. Within 6 hours following the irradiation, recipient rats in BMT group were transplanted with 0.8?108 cells via tail vein injection, while rats in control group only received the same volume injection of phosphate buffer. Each group included 10 animals. Evaluation of common living status was monitored including daily diet, activity, stool and urine, fur and body mass. Shaved skin, liver and intestine tissues were also analyzed histologically. RESULTS: ①All rats in the control group died within 17 days following the irradiation and most of them died on day 11 or 12 post-transplantation, while BMT group had higher survival rate, in addition to three rats died on days 12, 16, 18 respectively, whereas others were all alive through 60 days expectation period.②Rats in the BMT group had no clear symptoms of acute GVHD, such as rapid weight loss and severe diarrhea, however, the weight growth in rats of the BMT group was quite slow. Furthermore, 1 month following BMT, depilation phenomenon was evident in the head and back of recipients, and then extended to abdominal part and extremity with the increase of time. Two months following BMT, skin follicular dropout and slight dermal mononuclear infiltration were found. Hepatic disease was characterized by portal tract lymphocyte infiltration, fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall. Small bowel specimens showed clear inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils, acidophils, macrophages) within lamina propria. CONCLUSION: ①The cGVHD model can be established through allo-BMT from F344 to Wistar rats.②The typical histological signs of cGVHD are evident in skin, liver and intestine tissues, among which hepatic sign is the most dominant including portal tract and bile duct mononuclear infiltration followed by fibrous thickening and sclerosis of the bile duct wall.

To meet with the need for culivating high-quality medical talents,the new teaching mode of problem-based learning (PBL) is attracting a lot of attention. Pathophysiology, which bridges basic medicine courses and clinical medicine courses,is more suitable for implementing PBL teaching mode. The teaching mode of incorporating case analysis is used into pathophysiology teaching by many ways is studied and an ideal result has been achieved.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging in diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism.Methods Radioactive pulmonary perfusion imaging was performed in 25 patients clinically suspected for acute pulmonary embolism,meanwhile,imaging of deep veins of lower limb was taken.Results Multiple segments of abnormal blood perfusion were found in 23 of 25 patients,among them,radioactivity defects were found in 41 segments,radioactivity rarefied areas were found in 84 segments.Deep venous thrombosis was detected in 6 patients.Conclusion Radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging is a non-invasive and effective method in diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism.

AIM:To investigate the depressant effect and mechanism of atorvastatin on the chronic rejection of aortic allograft in rats.METHODS:The models of abdominal aorta transplantation were made with micro-surgery in rats.The recipients were divided into three groups:allograft control group,atorvastatin-treated group and isograft control group.Vascular intimal thickness in all of the groups was observed by histological examination.The expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigenl(PCNA)and ?-smooth muscle actin(?-SMA)were determined by immunohistochemistry.The content of nitric oxide was measured by nitrate reductase chromatometry.RESULTS:The vascular intimal thickness in atorvastatin-treated group(11.60%?2.40%)was lower than that in allograft control group(34.60%?6.40%,P

Facial Paralysis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the effects of leonurus heterophyllus injection and oxytocin and their combination applica-tion in treating postpartum hemorrhage .Methods Sixty cases of cesarean section due to the medical factors or the social factors and 54 cases of vaginal delivery were randomly divided into 3 groups by the blind method ,i .e .the leonurus heterophyllus injection group ,the oxytocin group and the leonurus heterophyllus injection plus oxytocin group .Each group was treated by the specific mode .The amounts of intraoperative bleeding and at postpartum 48 h bleeding were recorded ,and the time of the third stage of la-bor was recorded .One way Anova was used to analyze the obtained data .Results The intraoperative bleeding amounts were (1 014 .75 ± 159 .10) mL in the leonurus heterophyllus injection group and the cesarean section group ,(433 .88 ± 75 .34) mL in the leonurus heterophyllus injection plus oxytocin group and (562 .30 ± 102 .00) mL in the oxytocin group ,the difference among the groups were statistically significant(F=67 .48 ,P<0 .01) .The post hoc LSD test showed that under P<0 .05 ,LSD=109 .58 ,indi-cating the significant differences between the two groups ;in the vaginal delivery group ,no statistical difference in the total bleeding amounts ,postpartum 2 h and 2-6 h bleeding amounts had no statistical differences among 3 groups ,but the other time periods of detection had difference ,in which ,compared with the oxytocin group ,postpartum 24 h bleeding amount in the leonurus heterophyl-lus injection group was relatively less ;in the cesarean section group ,the third stage of labor had no statistical difference among 3 kinds of treatment group .Conclusion Using leonurus heterophyllus injection after vaginal delivery can reach the similar effect as oxytocin .However ,leonurus heterophyllus injection is not recommended to be exclusively used in cesarean section .

Oxaliplatin, the third generation of the platinum based chemotherapy agent, is effective in the treatment of multiple solid tumors and is also quite safe. However, there is a high incidence of peripheral neurotoxiciy, which is dose-limiting. Oxaliplatin induces two distinct forms of neurotoxicity: an acute syndrome that is triggered or aggravated by exposure to cold, and chronic cumulative sensory neurotoxicity which in nature resembles characteristics of cisplatin associated neurotoxicity. In this article, the clinical manifestations, electrophysiologic abnormalities, mechanism of neurotoxicity and therapy are reviewed.

Molecules can enter the nucleus by passive diffusion or active transport mechanisms, depending on their size. Small molecules up to size of 50-60 kDa or less than 10 nm in diameter can diffuse passively through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), while most proteins are transported by energy driven transport mechanisms. Active transport of viral proteins is mediated by nuclear localization signals (NLS), which were first identified in Simian Virus 40 large T antigen and had subsequently been identified in a large number of viral proteins. Usually they contain short stretches of lysine or arginine residues. These signals are recognized by the importin super-family (importin α and β) proteins that mediate the transport across the nuclear envelope through Ran-GTP. In contrast, only one class of the leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) on viral proteins is known at present. Chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1) protein mediates nuclear export of hundreds of viral proteins through the recognition of the leucine-rich NES.

Objective To analyze the image and histological results of the combined use of allograft/extracorporeally frozen tumor-bearing bone and vascularized fibular flap for the reconstruction of bony defects following tumor resection,guiding clinical practice.Methods From March 2007 to June 2013,we enrolled 63 patients who had combinative biological reconstruction after bone tumor resection (11 in humerus,22 in femur,21 in tibia,4 in calcaneus).There were 36 male and 27 female in this series.The average age at time of operation was 20 years,ranging from 9 to 48 years.The follow-up ranged from 16 to 102 months with average of 48 months.We investigated the X-ray and CT images for all patients and histological findings of two patients.Patients were assessed functionally with the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 93 score.Results Three patients with local soft tissue recurrence and one patient with infection underwent amputation.The survival of construct was 93.6％.Bone union achieved in all cases with the average MSTS score of 92.8％.Bone union ranged from 11 to 28 months in allograft group and 9 to 14 months in devitalized tumor bearing bone group.Significant difference of bone union time was found between two groups (Z=-3.638,P=0.000).Viability of the fibular grafts was verified in 58 of 63 patients (92％).Three types of images were observed in complex.Osteopenia and spongy change in fibula were found in 51 patients (81％) with stable fixation of the complex.Five complexes with failed blood supply of fibula and stable fixation revealed no density change of fibula,small amount of callous formation and relative delayed union.In seven complexes (11％) with unstable complex due to patients' incompliance,fibula reacted with dense hypertrophy and microfracture.Fusion of grafts with amount of callus was obviously observed.Union at allograft-host bone junctions occurred by residual host bone-derived external callus and fibular-derived internal callus that bridged the junction and filled the gap between abutting cortices.Callus from fibular graft was mature than that from periosteum of residual host bone.Internal repair was observed at the internal surface of the allografts.Fibula showed significant spongy changes.Conclusion Recycled tumor-bearing bone in combined with fibular flap is a reliable reconstruction as an alternative to traditional Capanna technique.The survival of the fibula is a cornerstone in success of complex reconstruction.Sponginess of fibula and internal repair of allograft compromise the intensity of complex,necessitating the strong instrumentation during reconstruction.