Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of treatment of leukoplakia vulvae with high-intensity focused ultrasound. Methods 65 patients with leukoplakia of the vulva were treated with high-intensity focused ultrasound. The patients were followed up after the treatment, and the symptoms including itch of the vulva, color change, the elasticity of the vulva lesions, and release of adhesions were observed and evaluated at the different times after treatment. Result All of the patients experienced relief in different degree (the ratio of effectiveness was 100%). Of them 28 patients were complete cured, 29 were distinctly improved, 8 were improved. In 5 patients there was a recrudescence with mild itch 2-3 months after treatment, but there was still a positive response to the second course of treatment. Conclusions High-intensity focused ultrasound is a highly effective instrument in the treatment of leukoplakia of the vulva. The treatment not only stops itch, but enables the color and elasticity of the vulva to recover as well.

According to content of ‘lipid metabolism’,we crafted a effective case for problem based learning (PBL) and practiced it in biochemistry course.In group discussion,students participated in discussion with great enthusiasm and initiative.During the discussion,students got a better understanding about lipid metabolism and clinical application of the knowledge.As teachers,we maily guided students during PBL,and at the same time,we also summed up the experience and explored how PBL be implemented for freshmen and sophomores who lack clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the influence of aging on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by quantitative tissue velocity image(QTVI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Methods Sixty healthy participants aged from 36 to 82 years old were divided into age <60 years group (32 cases) and age≥60 years old group (28 cases). Compared traditional echocardiography,QTVI and BNP between the two groups, and analysised the correlation between age and the abovementioned measurements. Results Compared age ≥60 years group with age <60 years group, the ratio of early to late mitral annulus flow velocity(E/A) (0. 92 ±0. 18 vs. 1. 28 ± 0. 18), mean of systolic mitral annulus velocity (Sm) ([6. 04 ± 0.77] cm/s vs.[6. 89 ± 1. 03] cm/s) ,mean of early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (Em) ([5. 67 ±0.99]cm/s vs. [7.29 ± 1. 11]cm/s),the ratio of Em to Am(Em/Am) (0. 79 ± 0. 13 vs. 1.18 ± 0. 33) were significantly decreased (t =5. 396,2.478,4.075,3. 535, respectively, Ps < 0. 05), whereas mean of late diastolic mitral annulus velocity (Am) ([7. 67 ±0. 80]cm/s vs. [6. 80 ± 1. 16] cm/s),the ratio of E to Em(E/Em) (14. 83 ±4.43 vs. 10. 68 ±2. 85), BNP ([51. 25 ± 12. 21] ng/L vs. [14. 15 ± 6. 68] ng/L) were significantly increased (t =-2. 268,-2.995 and-3. 523, Ps < 0.05) . Age was negatively correlated with Sm, Em, Em/Am, E/A (r =-0.411,-0. 631,-0.622,-0. 614,Ps<0.05),and age was positively correlated with Am,E/Em and BNP (r = 0.481,0.614 and 0. 684,Ps <0. 05). Conclusion Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function decreased with aging. QTVI and BNP could evaluate left ventricular function sensitively and easily.

Objective To discuss YMDD mutation ,related factors and clinical significance in chronic hepatitis B patients ,provi‐ding the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods YMDD mutations and DNA load of hepatitis B virus in 100 chronic hepatitis B patients were detected by real‐time fluorescence PCR .Results YMDD mutations of hepatitis B virus were found in 13 out of 100 patients(positive rate 13% ) .Including YIDD mutations in 7 ,YVDD mutations in 5 and YIDD/YVDD symbiotic mutation in 1 .In the 13 patients ,HBV DNA load and ALT level were at (1 .77 × 105 -1 × 108 )IU/mL and 18 .1-273 .5 U/L .Conclusion Do not find the detection rate of YMDD mutation in chronic hepatitis B patients is related with gender ,age ,HBeAg status ,HBV DNA load and ALT level ,the difference has no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .

Nanomedicine is one of the most promising fields in biomedicine. Inorganic nanomaterials stand out among many nanomaterials due to their excellent physicochemical properties, stable chemical properties and high biocompatibility. As an inorganic nanomaterial, bismuth-based nanomaterials have the advantages of adjustable band gap, low toxicity, easy functionalization, large X-ray attenuation coefficient, high photothermal conversion efficiency and long cycle half-life, so they have good promising application in cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the recent research progress of bismuth-based nanomaterials in tumor diagnosis, treatment and biosafety, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and exploitation of a new generation of bismuth-based nanomedicine systems.

Experimental course for integrative life science curriculum is designed for medical students ,which integrates basic knowledge and skills of cellular biology,biochemistry,genetics,molec-ular biology,molecular genetics,and immunology disciplines. Tongji University School of Medicine start-ed to implement integration-based new curriculum system since 2010. This article discussed on teaching philosophy,teaching content,teaching methods,teaching team construction and explored the effect and significance of experimental course for integrative life science curriculum.

Fibrinogen (Fib) is one of the most common coagulation proteins,plays an important role in the coagulation cascade,and has a closed relationship with tumor.Studies indicate that the level of Fib has elevated in many kinds of cancer,and Fib is also closely correlated with the progression,metastasis and prognosis of tumor.Though the mechanism of the interaction of Fib and tumor is still unclear,Fib as a tumor marker and new therapy for these malignancies has been a new hotspot.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of ioversol on renal function,and to explore early renal injury biomarkers on contrast induced kidney injury and safe ioversol dosage.Methods A total of 158 cases (98 males and 60 females) undergoing cerebral vascular intervention (CVI) in our department was selected with age ranging from 23 to 81 years old (average age 59.70 ± 12.02).Based on ioversol dosage in surgery,patients were divided into three groups:low dose group (≤ 150 ml,n =49),middle dose group (151-200 ml,n =74),and high dose group (＞200 ml,n =35).U-κ,U-λ,urinary transferrin (UTRF),urine microalbumin (UMA),urinary immunoglobulin IgG (UIgG),urine beta2-microglobulin (Uβ2-MG),Uα1-MG,urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG),plasma cystatin C (CysC) and Scr were detected by scattering turbidimetry,immune turbidimetry and fully automatic biochemical analysis pre-surgery 24 h and post-surgery 72 h.Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) was defined as laboratory increase of Scr value≥44.2 μmol/L or ≥25％ from baseline measurement at 48 hours after surgery.The relationship in ioversol dosage and various factors was assessed by Single and multiple factors binary logistic regression analysis.Results According to the criterion that Scr increase value were ≥44.2 μmol/L,of 158 cases,3 cases occurred CI-AKI,the AKI incidence was 1.90％.Based on the criterion that Scr increase value was ≥25％,33 cases occurred CI-AKI,the incidence was 20.89％.The concentration of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC were significantly different in high dose group compared to low ioversol dose group (P ＜ 0.05),while the other biomarkers had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The contrast media-ioversol could lead to CI-AKI;when the dosage of ioversol was more than 200 ml one-time,the concentration of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC increased significantly.U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC could predict the early renal injury in patients who undergoing CVI.The rise of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC are related to the dosage of ioversol.Furthermore,possibility of kidney injury is significantly high when ioversol dosage is more than 200 ml one-time.

Objective To explore the effect of a tobacco control manual for smokers in communities of Changsha.Methods 159 qualified smokers were selected from 6 communities of Yuelu District by Multistage cluster sampling.According to their different locations.the samples were divided into two groups:77 in intervention group and 82 in control group.4 times in assessment were carried out for smokers in two groups at baseline(V0),1 month after intervention(V 1),3 months after intervention (end,V3) and follow-up(6 months after Baseline,V6).Results After intervention,the quit rates in intervention group were 12.5％,23.6％ and 20.8％ respectively.Cigarettes per day,times attempting to quit smoking for 24 h and 7 d or more,quit rates were significantly different(P＜0.05).Conclusion The intervention reduces the cigarettes per day,increases the times attempting to quit smoking,advances the stages and increase the quit rate.It is one of the proper choices for smokers and smoking cessation clinic in communities.

Objective To study the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor garama (PPARγ) ligand on hepatic fibrosis in rats. Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group(20 rats) ,in which liver cirrhosis was induced by adding 0. 3‰ thioacetamide in the fodder for 6 months, and rosiglitazone group(20 rats) in which 200 ppm of rosiglitazone in combination with 0. 3‰ thioacetamide was added in the fodder. Liver tissue's mRNA expression of PPARγ, TGF-β1 ,type Ⅰ pro-collagen and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of PPARγ, TGF-β1 ,type Ⅰ collagen and α-SMA was detected by Western blot. The expression of collagenof liver histological section was evaluated by Van Gieson (VG) staining. Results The expression ofPPARγ at mRNA level significantly increased in rosiglitazone group compared with those in the control group ( t = 6. 93, P < 0. 01 ), while the expression of TGF-β1 ( t = 3. 89, P < 0. 01 ) and type Ⅰ pro-collagen ( t =5.67,P <0. 01 ) were lower than that in the control group. The protein expression of PPARγ, TGF-β1 and type Ⅰ collagen was in similar tendence with that of mRNA expression. The expression of α-SMA decreased significantly in rosiglitazone group compared with that in the control group (t = 3. 12,P < 0.01 ). The collagen stainings of liver histological section in rosiglitazone group was lower than those in the control group (t = 3.47, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion PPARγ ligand inhibits the production of collagen in fibrofic livers in rats and prevents hepatic fibrosis in vivo.