Objective The scale lists applied in the diagnosis and treatment of heat stroke generally draw on other specialty scales, and there is no specific scoring system on heat stroke verified by large-scale clinical trials.The paper compared common acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ( APACHEⅡ) , dissolved inorganic carbon score( DIC score) , multiple organ dysfunction score( MOD score) for the prognostic evaluation of heat stroke patients, the sum of three scores and the sum of the percentages of three scores to the score sum on prognostic evaluation of heat stroke patients in order to find a scoring method with higher clinical value. Methods APACHEⅡ, MOD score, DIC score, the sum of three scores and the sum of three scores were applied on 43 patients with heat stroke admitted in our neurological intensive care unit ( NICU) or in intensive care unit ( ICU) .The analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve( AUC) analysis was made among five scores. Results The weighted sum of three scores has the largest AUC ( 0.896 ) in predicting the death of HS patients according to AUC.The optimal MOD score was 5.5 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 72.7%and a specifici-ty of 99.69%.The optimal DIC score was 1.5 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 100%and a specificity of 56.2%.The op-timal score of the sum of the percentages of three scores to the score sum was 0.727 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 72.7%and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion All the five scores can predict the prognosis of patients with heat stroke.However, due to the deficiency in the prognosis value, a more specific scoring system needs to be developed.

AIM To investigate the effects of serine/threonine protein phosphatases in regulation of cell signal transduction on voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in cultured rat trigeminal ganglion (TRG) neurons. METHODS Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the potassium and calcium currents from adult rat TRG neurons before and after perfusion of okadaic acid, a potent inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. RESULTS Okadaic acid 1 μmol·L-1 inhibited transient outwards potassium currents (IA) by 28.6%, increased delay rectified potassium currents (IK) and calcium currents (ICa) by 22.7% and 20.0%, respectively. okadaic acid 1 μmol·L-1 produced significant hyperpolarizing shifts in the conductance-voltage (G-V) curves and inactivation curves of IA , also produced significant hyperpolarizing shifts in the G-V curves of IK, while it had no effect on the activation and inactivation kinetics of ICa. CONCLUSION Serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A may be involved in the modulation of voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels on rat TRG neurons. In addition, voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels show different dependence on the dephosphorylation reactions of PP1 and PP2A phosphatases.

BACKGROUND:Edaravone as an antioxidant protective effect on nerve cells injured by hydrogen peroxide has been confirmed, but its protective effect on oxidative damage to bone marrow stromal cells has not been reported in-depth. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory effects of edaravone on oxidative injury to bone marrow stromal cells. METHODS:Bone marrow samples were extracted from the long bone of New Zealand rabbits by the method of washing the pulp cavity, then subjected to the density gradient centrifugation and adherent screening to obtain bone marrow stromal stem cells in vitro. The bone marrow stromal cells at 3 passage were divided into five groups:blank group, treated with low-glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum and 1%double antibody;dexamethasone group, treated with cellculture medium containing 1×10-7 mol/L dexamethasone;50, 100, 300 mg/L edaravone groups, cultured in cellculture medium containing 1×10-7 mol/L dexamethasone and 50, 100, 300 mg/L edaravone, respectively. After culture, MTT method and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferative level and cellcycle of cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control and dexamethasone groups, edaravone significantly enhanced the cellproliferation. Edaravone played a protective role in bone marrow stromal cells. When the concentration was 50 mg/L, edaravone began to play a regulatory role (P<0.05), and this effect was certainly associated with the concentration of edaravone. When the concentration was up to 100 mg/L, edaravone showed a better protective role (P<0.01). However, with increasing concentration, this protective effect was not further increased, but decreased slightly. Results indicated that high-concentration dexamethasone can induce oxidative injury to bone marrow stromal cells, and edaravone can protect the cells against this oxidative damage by antioxidant role.

Objective To investigate the potential value of MR dynamic contrast enhanced imaging (DCE)in predicting short-term effects of(chemo-)radiation therapy on cervical cancers in vivo.Methods Thirty-two patients pathologically diagnosed as cervical cancers received MR-DCE scan before therapy.The following scans were taken at the 2nd to 3rd week after the radiation or(and)chemotherapy initiated,to calculate early size change.The fourth scan was performed within one month after the therapy to judge residues.DCE derived parameters include mean time to enhancement(MTE),positive enhancement integral (PEI),time to peak(TTP),maximum slope of increase(MSI)and maximum slope of decrease(MSD).Size and DCE parameters were compared and analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman teat Results There are 20 cases in non-residue group and 12 cases in residue group.In non-residue group,the maximal lengths in both horizontal and craniocaudal directions[(47.45±13.76)mm and(38.75±10.69)mm]were smaller than that in residue group [(61.08±13.73)mm and(53.67±16.05)mm],with statistical significance(Z=-2.455 and-2.650 respectively,P＜0.05).PEI in low-enhance areas of non-residue group(0.62±0.25)was significantly higher than that in residue group(0.39±0.14)(Z=-2.919,P＜0.05).At early time after radiation started,length changing rate and volume changing rate had medium to strong negative correlations with MSI in hish-enhance areas(r=-0.577 and-0.723 respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusions For cervical cancers,those with larger lengths and lower PEI in low-enhanced areas tend to have tumor residue when radiation therapy completed.Those low MSI in high-enhance areas tend to shrink quickly.It is suggested that volume and parameters of DCE before(chemo-)radiation therapy have the potential in predicting short-term therapeutic effect.

Objective To establish the examination criteria for the prosthodontic clinical practice using Delphi method,to improve the evaluation level of clinical practice of dental students.Method 15 clinical experts in the department of prosthodontics,Peking University School of Stomatology were selected in this study.The evaluation indicators system of prosthodontic clinical practice was established by two rounds of investigations by Delphi method.Initiative ratio and authority coefficient (Cr) of the experts were used to evaluate the reliability of the new examination criteria.Next,the eight-year program students in class of 2007 (38 students) and 2008 (34 students) were examined by old and new examination criteria respectively and the feedback of the students were collected by the method of questionnaire.SPSS 16.0 was used for data processing.Results In this study,the initiative and the authority of the experts was very high,and the initiative ratio and authority coefficient were 100％ and 0.860 respectively.A new examination criterion of prosthodontic clinical practice was established,including 3 first-level indicators,9 second-level indicators and 19 third-level indicators.Questionnaire analysis revealed that only 12％ (n=4) and 9％ (n=3)of the students in class of 2008 considered the new examination criteria was not comprehensive enough or objective enough,which was obviously less than the students in class of 2007 [45％ (n=17) and 36％ (n=14)].Conclusion A new examination criterion of prosthodontic clinical practice was successfully established by Delphi method.The new examination criterion is more comprehensive and objective than the old one and can promote the educational quality of clinical practice of dental students.The method of this study also provides reference for the educational reform of clinical practice in other fields.

AIMTo establish the two-dimension information fingerprints chromatograph of traditional Chinese medicine and investigate via pattern recognition.

METHODSHierarchical cluster was applied to fingerprints described by one-dimension information data and by two-dimension information data respectively and corresponding results was compared.

RESULTSThe gross classes, in which the samples denoted by two-dimension information data, classified by all kinds of hierarchical cluster methods had less differences and more robustness than the methods containing the samples expressed by one-dimension information data. The classes to which the unknown samples would be belonged were determined by hierarchical cluster analysis and artificial neural network (ANN), and the same results were obtained.

CONCLUSIONThe fingerprints characterized by two-dimension information data could provide more overall and special information as compared with the methods indicated by one-dimension information data.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cluster Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Species Specificity

Objective To investigate the aging-related changes in gap junction protein-connexin 43 (Cx 43) in rats and their effect on the high incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmia in aged rats. Methods The 64 healthy male Fischer 344 (F344) rats were randomly divided into four age groups (n=16,each): 3-6 months (juvenile), 9-12 months (young-adult), 18-21 months (middle-aged) and 24-26 months (aged). The incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmia was recorded by monitoring their limb-lead Electroa rdiogram(ECG). Morphological changes of ventricular myocardium were observed under optical microscope in Hematoxylin (HE) and Masson's stain. The distribution of connexins 43 (Cx43) and deophosphatase (NP) Cx43 was observed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and the Cx43 and NP-Cx43 protein expression was assessed by Western-Blot. Results The incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmia was much higher in aged group (75.0%) than in other three groups (0%,0%,12.5%), all P＜0.05, and the aged group showed that ventricular muscle cells were hypertrophy and arrayed sparsely and disorderly with hyperplasia of connective tissues. The distribution of Cx43 changed from end-to-end to disordered arrangement and the total expression amount of Cx43 decreased as age increased (P＜0.05). The expression amount of NP-Cx43 in middle-aged rats was notably decreased than in juvenile and aged rats (P＜0.05). Conclusions For aged rats, the high incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmia may be associated with ventricular myocardium reconstruction, disarrangement of ventricular muscle cells and gap junction proteins, decreased expression amount of Cx43 and relatively increased NP-Cx43.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between COX-2 gene and hereditariness to Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of COX-2 gene.

METHODSGenotypes of 200 case patients with NAFLD and 206 control subjects were examined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The DNA samples were extracted from the peripheral blood of all subjects.

RESULTSTwo SNPs, -1195G more than A and -765 G more than C, were identified with frequencies of variant alleles 54% and 5% in patients with NAFLD and 48% and 2% in control, respectively. A case-control analysis revealed a 1.13-fold (95% CI = 1.01-2.46) and a 2.35-fold (95% CI = 1.17-3.65) excess risk of developing NAFLD for -1195AA or -765CG genotype carriers compared with noncarriers. Compared with G-1195-G-765 containing haplotype, a greater risk of developing NAFLD was observed for A-1195-G-765 (OR =1.42; 95% CI =1.11-1.63) and A-1195-C-765 (OR = 4.24; 95% CI =1.72-14.22) containing haplotypes. A greater risk of developing NAFLD was observed for A-1195 and C-765 containing haplotype compared with other haplotype, suggesting an interaction between the -1195A and -765C in the context of haplotype.

CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that genetic variants in the COX-2 promoter may play an important role in mediating susceptibility to developing NAFLD in a Chinese population. -1195G more than A and -765G more than C in promoter region of Cyclooxygenase-2 gene, whose single nucleotide polymorphisms are related with development of NAFLD, are the significance factors of the susceptibility of NAFLD.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; Fatty Liver ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Young Adult

Objective To observe clinical curative effect of the FLAG regimen combined donor lymphocyte infusion after granulocyte colony stimulating factor(G‐CSF) mobilization(G‐DLI) ,for the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of allogeneic Peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell trans‐plantation (allo‐HSCT) after recurrence of hematology .Methods For the patients with recur‐rence after allo‐HSCT ,giving the FLAG regimen chemotherapy when the WBC dropped to the lowest point ,followed by giving G‐DLI that infusion peripheral blood stem cell from the original donors ,to observe curative effect and survival situation .And searched the literature review through the PubMed etc .Results Through FLAG regimen combined G‐DLI ,3 cases of relapse after transplan‐tation again obtained complete remission (CR) .Case 1 :disease‐free survival (DFS) was 13 month and overall survival(OS) was 23 months after G‐DLI .The patient has been the central recurrence and remission in bone marrow ,he was dead after 23 months due to multipleorgan function failure .He occurred Ⅱ acute GVHD in Skin and Ⅰ acute GVHD in liver after G‐DLI and obtained effective control ,not chronic GVHD .Case 2 :DFS and OS were 12 months and 13 months ,as bone marrow relapse again and giving up treat‐ment ,so died a month later .Respectively ,he has limitations chronic GVHD in skin after G‐DLI .Case 3:DFS was 16 months after G‐DLI since the disease‐free survival ,had limitations GVHD in skin that was control for given small dose of immunosuppressive drugs .Conclusion Joint FLAG scheme and G‐DLI may be one of the effective treatment of postoperative recurrence of allo‐HSCT .

Objective To explore the value of MR imaging-guided percutaneous cervical discectomy and discolysis with oxygen-ozone mixture for treatment of cervical disc herniation.Methods Eight herniated cervical discs in 7 patients were diagnosed by MRI, including 5 discs of lateral protruding type, 2 discs of paramedian protruding type and one disc of central protruding type.All patients underwent MR imaging-guided percutaneous cervical discectomy and discolysis with oxygen-ozone mixture.The procedures were guided by a set of 0.23 T open MR system mounted with iPath 200 optical tracking system.The herniated portion of the disc was punctured with a 14 G MR-compatible needle in the healthy side via anterolateral oblique route.The interventional steps were as follows; firstly, cut herniated part with percutaneous discectomy probe and inject 2ml oxygen-ozone mixture of 60 μg/ml; secondly, retreat the needle to the disc center, resect nucleus pulposus, and inject 2 ml oxygen-ozone mixture of 60 μg/ml.All patients were followed up for 6 months, with 4 patients by telephone and 3 patients in outpatient clinic.The effect of treatment was evaluated according to Williams postoperative assessment standard.Results All procedures were performed successfully.The clinical outcome was evaluated as excellent in 5 cases, good in 1 case and fair in 1 case.The total ratio of excellent and good was 85.7%.No serious complication occurred expect 1 case with intraoperative paroxysmal pain.Conclusion MR imaging-guided percutaneous cervical discectomy and discolysis with oxygen-ozone mixture was a safe, effective and minimally invasive method for the treatment of cervical disc herniation.