Objective To learn the present pre-hospital emergency resources allocation in Liaoning province.Methods Site survey and questionnaire survey were used to survey the basic information,number of pre-hospital emergency ambulances,human resources,and communication/control systems of 19 pre-hospital emergency centers in Liaoning province in 2014.Results The number of pre-hospital emergency sub-stations,ambulances and human resource fall short of demand.Furthermore,these resources are found with such problems as greater service radius of average pre-hospital emergency service and longer average pre-hospital response time in countryside than cities,insufficient and obsolete ambulances short of onboard equipment and communication systems,not to mention shortage of medical workers of higher degrees and academic titles.Conclusions A great gap is found between urban and rural pre-hospital emergency resource allocation in Liaoning province,with poor resources in the countryside.The government is recommended to step up financial support in increasing pre-hospital emergency substations and resources allocation,regularly update pre-hospital emergency vehicles,set up independent title promotion mechanism,perfect communication scheduling system,in order to satisfy the demands of pre-hospital first aid.

Objective To investigate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on iNOS expression in lung in septic mice.Methods Female KM mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP,a model of polymicrobial sepsis) or shame operation.Thirty-six KM mice weighing 20～25 g were randomly assigned into three groups:shame CLP group,CLP group and PHC group.Mice in PHC group were given PHC 0.45 mg/kg intraperitoneally at 1 h before CLP. Six hours after CLP,the lungs of each group were sampled for light and electronic microscopy.The expression of iNOS mRNA in lung tissue were detected by in situ hybridization.The survival rates were observed at 24 h after the operation. Results The CLP group was observed thickened alveolar septa,as well as mitochondrial cristae swelling and mitochondrial vacuolation under electronic microscope.Emptied lamellar bodies could be also found.Histology of lung in PHC group had little changed.Expression of iNOS in lung in PHC group was significantly lower than that of the CLP group.At 24 h after CLP challenge,70.0% of the PHC mice lived,remarkably increased compared with that of the CLP group (26.7%),P＜0.05.Conclusion PHC had effective effect for increasing the survival rates of septic mice,inhibiting the expression of iNOS and reducing the severity of lung injury.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the rapid identification of Xiangsha pingwei pill(watered pill)from different manufacturers. METHODS:Near-infared spectroscopic method was conducted to collect the infrared spectroscopy of 95 batches of Xiangsha pingwei pill(watered pill) from 5 manufacturers,first derivative was combined with vector normalization to analyze the spectral data,mathematical models were established and validated. RESULTS:When the CI value was 5.6,the established model can identify samples from Li Shizhen Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd. quickly,the model was validated to be achievable;and when the CI value was 4.7,the established model can identify Samples from Jinma Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. in Shangqiu city quickly, the model was validated to be achievable. CONCLUSIONS:The method is convenient,rapid and non-destructive,and can identify different Xiangsha pingwei pill(watered pill)from different manufacturers quickly.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation(APC) in treating patients with Barrett's esophagus.Methods Two reviewers independently searched the Cochrane Library(Issue 2,2008),MEDLINE(January 1948 to November 2008),and CNKI(January 1999 to November 2008),respectively.The quality of the included studies was assessed according to the guidance in the Cochrane Handbook of systematic reviews of interventions.Results Six randomized controlled trials involving 253 patients with Barrett's esophagus met the inclusion criteria and were included.One trial reported that the ablation rate of patients in the APC group was significantly higher than that in the endoscopic surveillance group.Followed up one year,the ablation rate in APC group was 63% compared with 15% in the control group(P

Using MS as basic medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg · L(-1) IBA, the adventitious roots of Tripterygium wilfordii were induced, and the good adventitious root culture system was established by leaves or callus induced by leaves as explants. The adventitious roots were also induced with 2.0-4.0 mg · L(-1) NAA and the good adventitious root culture system established by using suspension cells from callus as materials to induce adventitious root. The content of triptolide of three adventitious roots culture system were exceeded in the natural root bark. The content of triptolide of AR3 adventitious roots was the highest about 5.3 times as that in the natural root bark. By using 5 L stirred fermentor during pilot enlarge cultivation, compared with 250 mL flask cultivation, the adventitious roots increment and secondary metabolites content per liter medium showed no significant difference. The accomplishment of this analysis laid a foundation by tissue culture production of the secondary metabolites of T. wilfordii.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Plant Growth Regulators ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tripterygium ; growth & development ; metabolism

Interferon-tau (IFN-tau) is a newly discovered IFN of type I. It was originally found for its role as a pregnancy recognition hormone in ruminant animals such as sheep and cows. Like the other type I IFNs, IFN-tau have the same biological activities including antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects. In order to clearly identify the function of IFN-tau, the coding sequence of IFN-tau was amplified by PCR from IFN-tau cDNA, this fragment digested by EcoR I and BamH I and was inserted into pBV220 to form the recombinant plasmid pBV220/IFN-tau which was then transformed into E.coli BL21. It was found that pBV220/IFN-tau was highly expressed as inclusion body in BL21. Next, the expressed protein was purified on S-100 High Resolution and the purified product was confirmed by amino acid sequence analysis. Moreover, the standard antiviral activity test indicated that the activity of IFN-tau was about 2.09?106IU/ml.

ObjectiveTo compare the therapeutic efficacies between acupoint thread embedding plus Western medication and dry Western medication in treating metabolic syndrome.MethodTotally 320 patients with metabolic syndrome were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 160 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by ordinary Western medication, while the treatment group was by acupoint thread embedding in addition to the Western medication given to the control group, and Yishu (Extra), Geshu (BL17), Ganshu (BL18), Pishu (BL20), Shenshu (BL23), Tianshu (ST25), Daimai (GB26), and Guanyuan (CV4) were selected as the major points. The therapeutic efficacies, metabolism-related parameters, liver function, and kidney function were compared between the two groups, and the therapeutic efficacies of different syndromes were also compared.ResultThe markedly effective rate and total effectiverate of the treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, there was no significant difference in comparing the HDL-C between the two groups (P>0.05), but there were significant inter-group differences in comparing the rest parameters including liver and kidney functions (P<0.05), and the treatment group was superior to the control group. Acupoint thread embedding produced a more significant efficacy in treating metabolic syndrome due to heat in liver-stomach and phlegm-dampness stagnancy compared to the control group (P<0.05), and the efficacy of acupoint thread embedding in treating metabolic syndrome due to phlegm-dampness stagnancy was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionAcupoint thread embedding plus Western medication can produce a more significant therapeutic efficacy in treating metabolic syndrome compared to Western medication alone, and it’s safe; of all the patterns, phlegm-dampness stagnancy responds thebest to acupoint thread embedding.

Objective:To investigate the effects of experimental periodontitis on serum C reactive protein(CRP) and insulin resistance in obese rats.Methods:4 week old SD rats (n=35)were fed with high fat diet for 16 weeks to establish the model of obesity.According to the obesity criteria,5 rats were screened out.According to the proportion of 1:2,10 rats were randomly selected as obese control group,20 obese rats were used for the establishment of the obesity with periodontitis model(combination group) by periodontal ligation using silk thread.4 rats died after ligation.Before periodontal ligation,1 and 4 weeks after periodontal ligation,orbital venous blood were collected for the detection of fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin.Homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) and beta cell function index(HOMA-β) were calculated.The level of serum CRP was examined by ELISA.Results:The level of CRP in the combination group was increased 1 week after periodontal ligation,and then gradually decreased in the following 4 weeks(F=7.773,P=0.004).HOMA-IR in the combination group were higher than that in the obese group(F=-4.691,P=0.000),and beta cell function index was significantly lower(F=3.672,P=0.002) than that in the control group 4 weeks after periodontal ligation.Conclusion:The experimental periodontitis may affect the serum level of CRP in obese rats,aggravate insulin resistance and decrease the function of beta cells in obese rats.

Objective To investigate the expression of kai1 and nm23 mRNA in esophageal carcinoma, and to explore the clinicopathological significance of kail and nm23 mRNA in the progression of esophageal carcinoma. Methods To detect mRNA expression of kai1 and nm23 in 46 cases of esophageal carcinoma and 34 cases normal esophageal tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma by in situ hybridization.Results The incidence of kai1 (91.3 %＞64.7 %, χ2 =8.65, P =0.003) and nm23 (43.5 %＞5.9 %, χ2=13.86,P ＜0.001) in esophageal carcinoma was significantly higher than in normal esophageal tissues . The expression of nm23 was correlated with the pathological stages (r =-0.379, P =0.009) and lymph node metastasis (χ2 =6.47, P =0.011). The expression of mRNA had positive correlation between kai1and nm23 in esophageal carcinoma (r =0.298, P =0.007). Conclusion The expression of nm23 may play an important role in the occurrence, development and clinicopathological features of esophageal carcinoma. Combined detection of kai1 and nm23 may be helpful in further directing the clinical therapy of esophageal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Root canal files fracture is a kind of common oral clinical complications. Therefore, it is of clinical importance to study the cyclic fatigue of different types of stainless steel root canal files.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of the bending angle and cross-sectional area of root canal instruments on cyclic fatigue of stainless steel files.METHODS: Thirty 25# stainless steel K files (25 mm in length) were selected, the same to 30# and 35#. And these three kinds of files were respectively randomized into three groups (n=10 per subgroup). In the nine subgroups, the files were placed into self-made root canals at the bending angle of 45°, 60°, 90°, and driven by a 16:1 reducer (350 r/min).Fracture time in each subgroup was recorded and converted into the number of rotations. The microstructure of the fracture end of the files was observed under scanning electron microscope. Fractured files were collected and the crack tip length was measured by an electronic caliper.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the same bending angle, the number of rotations resulting in file fracture was significantly reduced with the increasing of the cross-sectional area of the files (P < 0.05). When the type and cross-sectional area were same, the number of rotations resulting in file fracture was significantly reduced with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals (P < 0.05), indicating a reduction in the cyclic fatigue performance of the files. Toughness fracture occurred in all the files, and circular or oval roughness nests with different sizes and microcavities formed on the fracture surface. In addition, brittle surfaces could be detective between the roughness nests. The diameter of roughness nests was gradually increased with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals. For 30# and 35# files, the number of brittle surfaces was gradually increased with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals. For 25# files, the crack tip length was gradually decreased with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). For 30# and 35# files, the crack tip length was significantly shortened with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals (P < 0.05). But there were no significant changes in the 35#-60° and 35#-90° groups (P=0.095). At the same bending angle, there were no regular changes in the crack tip length in the different types of files. In conclusion, with the increasing of the cross-sectional area, the cyclic fatigue performance of the files with the same length and taper is reduced and the files become easy to be fractured; with the increasing of the bending angle of the root canals, the files with the same types are apt to be fractured near the root tip, indicating the shorter length of the crack tip indicates the more difficulty in the removal of the broken files.