National standards on food contact materials are an important part of national food safety standards in China.New standards system on food contact materials in China has been established through food standards clean-up,integration and other works.In this paper,the framework of the new standard system on food contact materials is summarized.The major changes of the new standard system are compared to the old one.The challenges confronted by the industries and the problems in the new standard system are scientifically analyzed.The suggestions for future work are proposed.

Objective To analyze the application value of central region cervical lymph nodes dissection in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage.Methods Clinical data of 72 PTMC patients with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage were collected,and they were underwent total thyroidectomy,isthmic portion excision and contralateral lobus glandularis excision and neck dissection.A long term follow-up was made.Results Twenty-four patients were found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis while other 48 patients were not found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis.Followed up for 1.5-4.5 (3.4 ± 1.1) years,4 patients were found recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and recovered within 4 months.Four patients were found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis after operation the 3rd years.Conclusions There is a tendency for PTMC patients with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage to occur central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis,it's necessary to perform prophylactic central region dissection.It can decrease the complications and improve the prognosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor combined with acupuncture in treating detrusor urine weakness after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with prostate hyperplasia.Methods Forty-seven cases with detrusor urine weakness after TURP were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.All of the patients received routine bladder function training and medication.In addition,patients in the experimental group were treated with bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor and with acupuncture.The differences between the two groups were compared using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS),maximum urine flow rate (MFR),average flow rate (AFR),detrusor pressure at peak flow (PdetQmax) and residual urine volume in the bladder.Results No significant difference was found between the two groups before treatment,but at two weeks after treatment MFR,AFR and PdetQmax were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,and residual urine volume and IPSS were significantly lower.Conclusion Bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor combined with acupuncture is more effective than routine bladder function training and medication alone for alleviating detrusor urine weakness after TURP.

Thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy is a common endocrine disease,and the incidence is gradually increasing.And thyroid function changes during pregnancy which brings some difficulties to diagnose.It is necessary to further understand the corresponding changes of maternal thyroid hormone levels with the progress of pregnancy.Moreover,the thyroid function in pregnancy is directly related to the pregnancy outcome.If the disease is not well controlled,it will cause damage to both the mother and the fetus,all kinds of adverse pregnancy outcomes make it become the focus of clinical attention.Therefore,this article discusses the etiology of the thyrotoxicosis,thyroid function changes in the period of pregnancy as well as the impact on pregnancy outcomes,and also makes some suggestions of the diagnosis and the treatment of the disease.

Objective To evaluate the effect of probucol on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation(i,e.flow- mediated dilation,FMD) function of the old patients with isolated systolic hypertension.Methods In this single- blind study,a total of 64 old pariems with isolated systolic hypertension were randomized to receive conventional an- tihypertensive therapy and probucol (0.5g twice daily,group A,n=33) or receive conventional antihyperrensive therapy(group B,n=31) for 12 weeks.The levels of blood lipid were measured and vascular endothelial function was assessed in the brachial artery by high-resolution ultrasound technique in form of endothelium-dependent vasodi- latation before and after treatment.Results After 12-week treatment,the levels of TC,LDL-C and HDL-C in group A were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment(all P0.05).Flow-mediated dilatation parameters in both groups were obviously improved compared with those before treatment( P

Breast tumor is the most common malignant tumor in female,its incidence is increasing in recent years.With magnetic resonance equipment,image acquisition and processing technology is improved,perfusion imaging studies gradually become the focus of study.The author reviewed MRI perfusion imaging and its application in breast tumors.

OBJECTIVE To identify 134 fungus strains and to detect their drug susceptibility in order to instruct clinical treatment.METHODS The colored culture medium isolated fungus was identified by ID 32C.The resistance to antifungal agents,such as amphotericin B,fluconazole,itraconazole and voriconazole,was detected by ATB Fungus 3 automatic analysis system.RESULTS The isolation rate of C.albicans was the highest from 134 fungus strains,the next was C.tropicalis,the non-C.albicans infection assumed an escalation trend.From the result of drug susceptibility of 134 fungus strains,the susceptibilities to amphotricin B,voriconazole and 5-fluorocystine were the highest,the lowest to fluconazole.CONCLUSIONS As a result of the widespread application of hormons,the immunity inhibitors and the antibiotics,the change of fungal infection is increased,It is necessary to make the fungus identification and the drug sensitive experiment in order to instruct correct clinical uses of the antifungal agents.

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence,pathogenic characteristics and drug resistance of the invasive fungal infection to provide the reference for clinical treatment.METHODS The fungi were cultured and identified conventionally.The susceptibility test was performed by K-B disk diffusion methods.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.3 software.RESULTS Among 232 strains of fungi,isolating rate of fungi from sputum was the highest,accounting for 74.1%.The following was urine,accounting for 17.2%.The most common organisms were Candida(96.6%)among which white Candida albicans accounted for 58.6%,following by C.tropicalis(13.8%),C.parapsilosis(10.3%),C.glablate(8.6%)and C.krusei(4.3%).Drug resistance to four commonly used antifungal drugs showed drug sensitivity to amphotericin B and itraconazole was higher,while that to fluconazole and flucytosine was lower.CONCLUSIONS Significant difference of drug resistance occurs among invasive fungus species.The cross resistance to azole antifungals is existing and has a raising tendency.

OBJECTIVE To study the lower respiratory tract Acinetobacter baumannii infection in cardiac ICU and its risk factors,in order to take effective control measures. METHODS The risk factors of 5 cases respiratory A. baumannii infection in cardiac ICU of our hospital were investigated. RESULTS Patients with A. baumannii infections were concentrated,accounting for 21.7% at the same period in external cardiac ICU. According to the exposure time among children,the regional distribution and the same kinds of pathogens,the nospital acquired infection was determined as a local outbreak epidemia. The pathogenic microorganism monitoring carried out on ventilator-pipes,hands of health care workers and cardiopulmonary bypass machines etc. A. baumannii was found in tube of warming devices. CONCLUSIONS The in-door distribution and pracedures in cardiac ICU do not meet hygiene requirements,the poor sterile concept among medical staff and bad compliance of hand-washing,and the longterm use of mechanical ventilation,broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunosuppressive agents. All these factors contribute the outbreak of hospital acquired infection.

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance state of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so as to offer reasonable experimental data for clinical therapy. Methods A statistic analy- sis for the specimen souree, distribution of infected departments and drug resistance state to 441 iso- lates was conducted in a retrospective way. Results Among 441 strains, 357 (80. 95%) were isolated from sputum species. The department with the highest isolating rate was ICU (26.5%), followed by department of respiratory disease (20. 63 %), department of neurosurgery (19.05 %) and department of geriatrics (17. 01%). The most sensitive antibiotic was Meropenem, which total drug resistance rate was 13. 61%; the most insensitive antibiotic was ampicillin-sulbactam, which total drug resistance rate was 91.38%. The drug resistance rate of P. Aeruginosa was increasing year by year. Conclusion Clinical isolates of P. Aeruginosa mostly come from sputum samples and ICU, and they are highly and multidrug resistant to various antibiotics.