As an independent subject, TCM psychology appeared in 1980s, but it could be traced back to the book, the Inner Canon of Huangdi (Huangdineijing) formed in Qin and Han Dynasties. Physicians in the later generations developed TCM psychology based on that occurred in the Inner Canon of Huangdi, which made it became mature gradually, and Sun Simiao was one representative figure among them. The fundamental features of TCM psychological theory of Sun Simiao are summarized here.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT),which means the transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells under the influence of cytokines,leading to pathological changes in tissues.According to recent research findings,EMT plays an important role in or-gan fibrosis.Various types of EMT in the fibrosis of hepatobiliary system,as well as the characteristics of each stage and the disease progres-sion,are described,which is of great significance for understanding the development,termination,and even reversion of EMT and fibrosis of hepatic and biliary epithelial cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol on murine macrophage cell line (RAW264 .7 cells) polarizing phenotype induced by lipopolysaccharide .Methods RAW264 .7 mouse macrophages seeded in a 6 well plate ,then randomly divided into phosphate buffer saline(PBS) control group ,LPS (100 ng/mL) group ,and LPS (100 ng/mL)+ resveratrol (30 μmol/L) group .In the LPS+ resveratrol group ,LPS was added after incubation with resveratrol for 12 h .Cells were harvested and superna‐tant were collected after incubation with LPS for 12 h .Both the mRNA expression levels of M1 associated markers iNOS and TNF‐αand M2 associated markers IL‐10 ,PPARγ and Arg‐1 were measured by real time quantitative PCR .Expression of iNOS ,Arg‐1 protein were detected by Western blot ,inflammatory factor IL‐12 p40 ,IL‐10 and TNF‐αprotein in the supernatant of were assayed by ELISA .Results PCR detection showed that the mRNA expression levels of M1 associated markers iNOS and TNF‐αin the LPS group were significantly higher than that of LPS+ resveratrol group(P<0 .05) ,but the mRNA expression levels of M2 associated markers IL‐10 ,PPARγand Arg‐1 were significantly lower than that of LPS+ resveratrol group(P<0 .05) .Compared with LPS+resveratrol group ,western blot assay showed that iNOS protein level in LPS group was significantly higher than it (P<0 .05) ,but Arg‐1 protein level was significantly lower than it(P<0 .05) .The levels of IL‐12 p40 and TNF‐αin LPS group were significantly higher than that in LPS+ resveratrol group(P<0 .05) ,but the levels of IL‐10 was significantly lower than it(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Resveratrol may promote LPS stimulated RAW264 .7 macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype .

Objective To study the longterm result of endocrinotherapy and (or) radiotherapy for moderately and far advanced prostate cancer. Methods 256 cases of moderately or far advanced prostate cancer were treated with endocrinotherapy (surgical castration + postoperative drug administration) and (or) radiotherapy.182 cases were of stage C and 74 stage D.There were 236 adenocarcinoma,7 squamous cancer and 13 undifferentiated cancer.Gleason score was ≥6 in 202 patients and 134 had pelvic lymphoid metastasis. Results In 92.2%of the patients,the serum PSA dropped under 2 ng/ml shortly after the treatment.The overall 5,10,15 year survival rates were 48.8%,29.7% and 13.3% respectively.For stage C cases,these were 58.2%,38.4%,17.7% and for stage D 25.7%,6.4%,0.The 5 and 10 year survival rates were significantly different between stage C and D(P

Objective To study the feasibility and outcome of minimally invasive percutaneous antegrade and transurethral antigrade ureteroscope technology in treatment of ureterovesical anastomosis obstruction in transplanted kidney.Method Endo-incision, dilation and indwelling internal ureteral stents by minimally invasive percutaneous antegrade and transurethral antigrade ureteroscope tech -nology were performed in 16 transplanted kidney patients with ureterovesical anastomosis obstruction. Renal function was valuated.Results Retrograde ureteroscope balloon dilation and indwelling an internal ureteral stent were carried out in one case. Percutaneous endo-incision, dilation and indwelling internal ureteral stents under ureteroscopy were preformed on 13 patients. Two patients accepted open operation because the length of the obstruction segment was more than one cm. After a follow-up of 1-24 months, internal drainage and renal function were normal in 13 patients. Serum creatinine ranged from 45 ?mol/L to 113 ?mol /L. The renal function of 3 patients didn’t recover completely and the serum creatinine was 158-315 ?mol /L.Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous antegrade and transurethral antigrade ureteroscope technology in treatment of ureterovesical anastomosis obstruction in transplanted kidney were relatively effective, and safe and simple to manipulate.

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) also referred to as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes-virus (KSHV),is a novel tumor causing virus,which is thought to be the etiologic agent of KS,and also is associated with primary effusion lymphoma(PEL) and multicentric castleman’s disease(MCD) HHV-8 encodes a number of viral proteins, including the proteins associated with HHV-8 latent infection and lytic infection,and the proteins unique to HHV-8,which are critical players in the development of KS and HHV-8-associated diseases. The proteins encoded by HHV-8 and association between HHV-8 and KS were reviewed.

Objective To determine the feasibility of achieving local transgenic expression in the rat lung using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) transfected with Lac-Z gene. Methods Primary cultures of bone marrow MSCs from Lewis rats were transfected with the pSV-?-galactosidase control vector and labelled with a fluorescent, membrane impermeable dye DAPI. The transfected and labelled MSCs (5?105 cells/animal) were injected into the jugular vein of syngenetic recipient rats. The animals were killed at 48 h and 8 wk after injection respectively. The lungs, spleens, livers, kidneys and skeletal muscle were then excised and examined under fluorescene microscope. The transgenic expression of Lac-Z gene was detected by incubating with the X-gal chromogen.Results Only a few DAPI labelled MSCs could be identified in the spleen, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle, whereas a large amount of DAPI labelled MSCs could be identified in the lung and most of them lodged in the lung parenchyma and air sac at 48h and 8wk after intravenous injection of transfected MSCs. After incubation with the X-gal chromogen, microscopic examination showed that a large number of MSCs with multiple intense blue staining were scattered throughout the lung. On the contrary only a few cells with blue staining could be identified in the spleen and kidney and no MSCs with blue staining could be seen in the liver pancreas and skeletal muscle. Conclusion Genetically modified MSCs injected into the jugular vein can target the lung effectively and achieve local transgenic expression for a long time.

Objective To analyze the relative factors of functional recovery after upper limbs replantation. Methods From September, 2009 to March, 2014, 24 consecutive patients after upper limb replantation for amputation were retrospectively analyzed. The Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) was used to assess the functional recovery of the upper limbs at the last follow-up. The non-conditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of gender, age, time from injury to surgery, amputated level, amputated method, isch-emia hours, dominant hand or not, rehabilitation treatment, rehabilitation duration, and the DASH scores. Results The DASH score was>28.50 in 15 patients, while ≤28.50 in 9 patients. The Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that amputated method and rehabilitation treatment correlated with the functional recovery of upper limbs (χ2>7.360, P<0.05), and no correlation was found in the other factors (χ2<3.789, t=1.515, P>0.05). Conclusion The amputated method and rehabilitation treatment after operation are the factors related to the func-tional recovery after upper limb replantation.

Serious troubles were caused by the highly heterogeneous cancer cells in clinical cancer treatment.In recent years,molecular characterization of tumors and corresponding individualized cancer management has become hotspots for cancer research.Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary solid tumors or metastases into the peripheral blood.CTCs could serve as liquid biopsy for patients with cancer,with non-invasive,real-time and repeatable access.Serial monitoring of the amount and molecular characteristics of CTCs in the blood samples has significant clinical value for prognostic prediction,targeted drugs choice and real-time evaluation of clinical effectiveness in individualized cancer treatment.This review summarizes current methods for the CTC isolation and detection,and discusses the perspectives of CTC analyses in real-time personalized cancer therapy.Some future research directions in this field are proposed.

EML4-ALK fusion gene is a new molecular type of non-small cell lung cancer,which is formed by inversion of two gene segments on chromosome 2.Up to now,9 subtypes have been found and all of them have deteriorated and carcinogenic abilities. The detection rate of this fusion gene is much higher in patients who have adenocarcinoma,never or seldom smoke and lack EGFR/KRAS mutation.This fusion gene codes ALK tyrosine kinase,that abnormally phosphorylates downstream products through signaling pathways,leading to canceration.Therefore,the specific inhibitors which target this fusion gene could inhibit its expression and have good treatment effect.At present,the relevent inhibitors which are undergoing clinical trials are PF02341066 and TAE684.