The anatomically and functionally complex nature of the temporomandibularjoint (TMJ) makes its reconstruction one of the most challenging tasks faced by surgeons who operate in the head and neck. TMJ prosthesis is one of the important techniques in the reconstruction of TMJ. The main indications for TMJ prosthesis include ankylosis, fractures of condylar that can't be fixed, trauma or tumor, end-stage TMJ disturbance, and TMJ dysplasia caused by Hallermann-Streiff syndrome. TMJ replacement aims to enhance the function of TMJ, alleviate pain, and prevent serious complications. TMJ prosthesis is advantageous in oral and maxillofacial surgery because it can imitate normal anatomic morphology and adhere to the host. Moreover, the use of other materials is no longer necessary and functional training can be started postoperatively at once, among others. Prosthetic materials have leading and promoting functions in the development of joint prosthesis. Good design, fit shape, and fixation are the necessary conditions for prosthesis to serve its function. Investigation of joint biomechanics is also necessary. With the rapid developments in material science, joint biomechanics, and other related subjects, TMJ prosthesis has been significantly improved in terms of its materials, design, fit shape, and fixation techniques. In addition, the development of TMJ prosthesis would expand its applications. This review intends to provide an overview about the progress and clinical application of TMJ prosthesis.
Ankylosis ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

BACKGROUND: The unique design of nail hole and screw of locking plate makes it possible to provide different fixation mechanisms in fracture fixation,which can provide diverse biological environments for bone healing,thus,lead to various healing patterns.OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze complications of locking plate treatment for fractures in 25 cases.METHODS: The physical examination results,including injury mechanisms,whether multiple injuries,selection of internal fixation,operation principles,postoperative loading time,and X-ray films recheck,were analyzed subsequently.The numbers and reasons for internal fixation failure,bone nonunion or delayed union were investigated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 8 cases of internal fixation collapse,4 were caused by operation lapses,1 was due to wrong selection of the internal fixation tool,1 case took place by weight bearing too early,2 cases were caused by postoperative infections; Among 11 cases of nonunion or delayed union,6 were caused by severe primary injuries,and 5 by unsuccessful reduction.2 cases of pain stemmed from hypodermal projection of proximal tibia LISS plate,1 from postoperative infection.1 case of long term to be exposed of plate end due to improper location of the plate during the operation was also involved.Essentially,locking plate just is a kind of internal fixation plate.Either the compression plate or the bridging plate,or the combination of the two could be applied in locking plate fixation.Through our study,we found that the pathway leading to the success was built upon an accurate cognition and skillful mastery of AO internal fixation technology,as well as the correct choice of the tool combined with the fine reduction and micro-damage operation.

Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Nasal Obstruction ; diagnosis ; Nasal Polyps ; diagnosis ; Turbinates

Objective To analyze the prognostic value of baseline serum free light chain (sFLC) in light-chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis.Methods Twenty-seven patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis were retrospectively reviewed from January 2014 to January 2015.sFLC was measured by immuoturbidimetric assay.Baseline characteristics,echocardiographic parameters and electrocardiogram data were analyzed.According to the median baseline dFLC (involved sFLC minus uninvolved sFLC),patients were categorized into either the low dFLC(≤307mg/L) or the high dFLC group (＞307mg/L).Results More subjects in the high dFLC group with early/late diastolic mitral velocity ratio (E/A ratio) over 2 (71.4％ vs 30.8％,P =0.035),and subjects in this group had a shorter median survival time than those in the low dFLC group (3 months vs 17 months,P =0.004).A similar phenomenon for median survival time was observed when the subjects were redivided either by a new cut-off value of 180mg/L for dFLC (low dFLC group:17 months;high dFLC group:4 months,P =0.014) or a κ/λ ratio,in which subjects with κ type sFLC-ratio ≤ 19.6 and λ type sFLC-ratio ＞0.065 were in the low sFLC-ratio group (17 months) and those with κ type sFLC-ratio ＞ 19.6 and λ type sFLC-ratio ≤0.065 were in the high sFLC-ratio group (4 months,P=0.023).In multivariate analysis,dFLC and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of cardiac function were two risk factors associated with all-cause mortality in patients,among which the hazard ratio for higher dFLC was 4.28 (95％ CI 1.55-11.8,P =0.005).Conclusion The level of sFLC could be a marker for the prognosis of AL cardiac amyloidosis.

The primary function of optical in vivo imaging technique is tracing and detecting the action and expression of maker cells,maker microorganisms and maker molecules.This technique makes possible the noinvasive study of biological events continuously with high sensibility,simplicity and high speed.It has been applied in numerous research fields.This paper presents a review of principle and application of this technique.

Amyloidosis ; Heart Diseases ; Humans

Objective To observe the diffusion characteristics and pathology changes with DTI in rabbit models with mild cerebral contusion and laceration (CCL). Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly selected and made into models of mild CCL by free fall, while other 10 rabbits were cut only in the skull as control. T2WI and DTI were performed 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the operation. DTI value of average diffusion coefficient (DCavg) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of mild CCL and its peripheral area were measured and compared. Histological examination was also performed. Results One hour after operation, CCL area showed high signal on T2WI, and no abnormal signal was found in the peripheral area, but both had abnormal color on DTI map. T2WI signal intensity in peripheral area of 22 rabbits (73.33%) increased gradually and had much abnormal color on T2WT map after 3 h. There was significant difference of FA and DCavg between CCL and the mirror region, the peripheral area and the mirror region (P<0.05). The value of FA decreased slightly since 12 h. More prominent tissue necrosis, edema and hemorrhage were found in CCL area than in the peripheral area with pathology examination. No abnormal manifestations of the brain were detected with both pathology and MR examination in the control rabbits. Conclusion DTI is sensitive for detecting mild CCL and can show it directly on color map, and thus may be used as a routine examination in the evaluation of mild CCL.

This article introduced the development and application effect appraisal of Microbial Engineering CAI courseware for bio-engineering specialization. The courseware focuses on knowledge system integrity, content-rich and gives prominence to the key points. Pictures, animation and video, and audio effects are also utilized appropriately to achieving stimulate students interest in learning and then improve teaching and learning performance. The courseware concentrates on core content of the course, such as fermentation parameters detection and automatic control, and fermentation equipments. The courseware was manufactured using the Powerpoint software. Animation was established with Flash 4 software and the scanning pattern was edited using Adobe photoshop. And chapters of the courseware were composed and administrated using Courseware Master Software. A two-year survey showed that 85% of students satisfied with this courseware.

The paper analyzes different expressions of indirectly associated strong-weak connection in the process of biomedical literature knowledge discovery,defines the effect and function of strong-weak connection on literature knowledge discovery,and indicates that the accuracy rate of the discovery of potential connection through strong connection is obviously higher than the accuracy rate obtained through weak connection,and strong connection can serve as an important factor for improving the application effect of literature knowledge discovery.

Objective To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous content determination of ginsenoside Rg1, Re and Rb1 in Panacis Japonici Rhizoma.Methods Chromatographic separation was carried out by using an Agilent Poroshell 120 C18 column (4.6 mm × 100 mm, 2.7μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid with gradient elution at a flowrate of 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10μL. The detection wavelength and column temperature were 203 nm and 30℃ respectively.Results Ginsenoside Rg1, Re and Rb1 had the baseline separation and were in good linear range. The recovery rates were 99.5%, 103.0% and 100.5% respectively.Conclusion The approach is simple, accurate, with good repeatability and short analysis period, which can determine the contents of ginsenoside Rg1, Re and Rb1 correctly and provide references for quality control of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma.