The responsiveness of SAC-activated human B cells to human rIL-4 remains controversial. We have proved that rIL-4 definitely supports the proliferation of SAC-activated human tonsillar B cells. B cells preactivated with SAC for 24 hr or 72 hr exhibited the same magnitude of response to rIL-4. However, the 24 hr SAC-B cells showed substantially higher DNA synthesis without supply of rIL-4 than did of 72 hr SAC-B cells. The time that rIL-4 promoted proliferation of B cells is short. The growth factor activity of IL-4 for B cells is strongly unraveled in the first 24 hr cultivation and then, becoming weaker with prolonging of culture period. Two-step assay with 24 hr incubation for each step is introduced for the assessment of rIL-4 activity by SAC-B cells. Anti-? beads activated B cells showed better response to rIL-4 in comparison with SAC-B cells. B cells activated by either anti-? or SAC responded well to rIL-2 or rIL-4.

Objective: To determine the value of CT,DSA,endoscopic ultra sonography(EUS),and a combined protocol for preoperative detection of insulinomas.Methods : We retrospectively studied data from 15 patients with insulinomas who underwent EUS,CT and DSA from 2000 to 2005.All patients were treated surgically.Results: The overall diagnostic sensitivity for helical CT was 36.3%.Endoscopic sonography and DSA showed sensitivity were 72.7% and 80.0% respectively.The overall diagnostic sensitivity for combined helical CT and endoscopic sonography was 72.7%,which was not statistically significant.The sensitivity for combined EUS and DSA was 93.3%,which was statistically significant.Conclusion: EUS is important to detect insulinomas,and the most effective method for revealing insulinomas is a combined imaging protocol that consists of both EUS and DSA.

Objective:To investigate the role of Danshensu on TGF?1 stimulated signal transduction in rat hepatic stellate cells(HSCs).Methods:The mice HSCs were isolated and cultured for the following study.HSC were treated with different concentration Danshensu(0.062 5～0.250 0 mmol/L)and TGF?1 to detect the proliferation、?-SMA protein expression and the chang of Smad2,Smad3,Smad7 mRNA.Results(:1)Danshensu in the concentration of 0.062 5～0.250 0 mmol/L could prevent the proliferation of HSC induced by TGF?1 in a dose-dependent manner(P

Expression of transferrin receptor was examined by means of an immunohistochemical method and DNA cytometry in tumor cells was assayed by image analysis technique in 32 cases with pleomorphic ade- noma of lacrimal gland.Transferrin receptor was positive in 8.The DNA content of some tumors was increased,the DNA distribution pattern showed two or several peaks,good correlation has been found between DNA distribution pattern and the expression of transferrin receptor,and the DNA distribution pattern of tumors with the expression of transferrin receptor showed mainly two or several peaks.It maybe suggest that expression of transferrin receptor be related to the proliferative nature of the tumor.

Circulating tumor cell ( CTC ) testing is characterized by its invasiveness, sampling convenience and facility for real-time monitoring.The booming detection technologies based on physical or immunological features, as well as the subsequent molecular analysis of CTCs including subtype classification, single cell sequencing and in vitro culture, has greatly enriched our comprehension of CTCs and cancer heterogeneity.Meanwhile, a great of researches have demonstrated the significance of CTCs testing in the clinical practice of cancers involving aspects of early diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery on postoperative cognitive function of patients who wre undergoing selective cardiac surgery.Methods Fifty children patients who were scheduled for cardiac surgery were investigated with C-WISC (Chinese revised Wechsler Intelligence Scales for children) preoperative.The children patients were tested at the 7th day and 1 month postoperative by C-WISC and digital span.It could be defined postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) if the C-WISC score decreased 1 SD (standard deviation).Results The incidence of POCD at the 7th day and in the first month postoperative was 40％,and 20％ in pediatric patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.It shows that ascending aorta clip time and cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP)time had negative correlation with intelligence quotient (IQ) (P ＜0.05),but age and education had not any correlation with intelligence quotient in pediatric patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (IQ) (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of POCD in cardiac surgery children underwent CPB tend to be high,with long time CPB and aortic clip were more likely to have postoperative dysfunction.It shows a close relationship between CPB and aortic clip with POCD.Age and education had no significant influence on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in CPB cardiac surgery children.

Exosome is nanoscale vesicles with bilayer membrane structure, is secreted by multiple living cells in vivo, capable of carrying biological materials such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids etc.Exosome can protect the information material (such as miRNA), which is easy to be inactivated or degraded in the circulatory system, so that they can be safely transferred to the specific target cells to participate in signal regulation, and play an important role in the information transmission between cells.Exosome is widely found in human blood, urine, pleural effusion and other body fluid samples, and can provide rich, stable, sensitive and specific biological information.As a kind of liquid biopsy specimen, exosome has a very high clinical application value in the future.

Objective To investigate the changes in discharge rates of pain-sensitive neurons (PSN) in thalamic parafaseicular nucleus ( Pf) following coronary artery occlusion (CAO) and the effects of urapidil, a partial 5-HT agonist. Methods One-hundred male SD rats weighing 260-300 g were operated upon under urethane anesthesia and local infiltration of the skin incision. The animals were tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated. A hole was drilled in the skull until the brain was exposed. A single-barrel glass electrode was inserted, aiming at the PSN, the discharges of which were filtered, amplified and recorded. Chest was opened and heart was exposed. A tie was placed around the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery which can be occluded whenever needed. The study was divided into 3 groups : group I CAO alone; group II CAO + urapidil and group III CAO + urapidil + methysergide ( a potent serotonin antagonist). Urapidil 0.21 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously 15 min after CAO. Methysergide 0.1 mg.kg-1 was given iv 20 min after urapidil. Results Discharges of PSN were recorded in 45 animals out of the 100, and the recordings were complete for investigation in 31 animals. CAO evoked significant increase in the discharge frequency of PSN in 18/31 animals. After intravenous urapidil the increased frequency of nociceptive discharges was inhibited; however intravenous methysergide could partially antagonize the antinociceptive effect of urapidil. Conclusion The results indicate that (1 )the nociceptive response could be induced by CAO in rats; (2) Pf nucleus of thafamus is involved in the myocardial ischemia-induced nociceptive response of central nervous system; (3) serotonin plays a critical role in the modulation of the nociceptive signal of acute myocardial ischemia.

Objective To investigate the current status of postoperative life quality of 2-to 12-yearold children with congenital heart disease,to compare results between 2-to 4-year-old,5-to 7-year-old and 8-to12-year-old groups.Meanwhile,compare the results with foreign researches.Methods Pedsol cardiac module was adopted to investigate 255 children patients with letters in a certain heart center in Shanghai.The survey included heart problems and treatment,perceived physical appearance,treatment anxiety,cognitive problems and communication.2-to 4-year-old group was reported by parents and others were reported by both children and parents.The results underwent analysis and were compared with data of other countries.Results There existed statistical difference among three groups.Compared with foreign researches,quality of life of Chinese children was lower except heart problems and treatment.Conclusions We should provide suitable health care and family centered nursing according to physical and psychological development of children to improve children's quality of life.

LncRNAs( long noncoding RNAs ) can be defined as RNA transcrips longer than 200nt without protein coding capacity , which play vital roles in various aspects of gene expression regulation.Recent investigations showed aberrant expression of many lncRNAs in primary liver cancer , indicating their important roles in tumorigenesis and development of liver cancer.This review focuses on the biological functions of lncRNAs and their involvements in primary liver cancer.