The complexity of syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine comes from their high dimensions and high ranks.The high-dimensional characteristics of syndromes manifest in various and numerous space elements that constitute the clinical syndrome system.The elements can be grouped into at least nine categories including pathogenesis,pathological mechanism,pathological nature,pathological situation,pathological changes,and symptoms,relationships between evil QI and healthy QI,and body state.Furthermore,each element contains several sub-elements. The high-rank characteristics of syndromes manifest in the complex relationships among the elements.Dependency relationships among the elements of the lung diseases were extensively studied using Bayesian network technology.The result shows that the dependency relationships exhibit typically complex and nonlinear characteristics,linear and nonlinear interactions among the elements lead to a complex syndrome network architecture.

Objective To investigate the optimal fermentation conditions for the production of antitumor active substances by marine bacteria HGX5 and preliminary study on their physicochemical properties.Methods Six factors including glucose,peptone,yeast extract,culture temperature,medium pH and agitation were investigated by Plackett-Burman Design, and the important factors including culture temperature,glucose and peptone were optimized by using response surface methodology(RSM).Results The optimal fermentation conditions were culture temperature 35℃,glucose 2.0g?L~(-1) and peptone 9.3g?L~(-1).The antitumor active substances showed better heat and pH stabilities via physicochemical experiments. Conclusion The adopted approach based on Plackett-Burman design and RSM was fit for the fermentation of this strain.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect of L-glutamine granules on intestinal damage of severe burn patients and the safety of the drug.Methods:Twenty-two severe burn patients were randomly divided into control group(C group, n =11) and L-glutamine treatment group ( n =11).GLN treatment group were given L-glutamine in a dose of 30g per day for 7 days and C group were given equal amount of placebo.The plasma L-glutamine concentration,the severity of intestinal mucosa damage, the level of plasma protein and parameters of immunological function were observed and the length of hospital stay was recorded.Results:After 7 days of taking L-glutamine orally,plasma L-glutamine concentration was significantly higher and the severity of intestinal mucosal damage were slighter in GLN treatment group than those in C group.The level of plasma protein and parameters of immunological function were higher in GLN treatment group than those in C group.In addition,the length of hospital stay was shorter in GLN treatment group than those in C group.Conclusion:Administration of L-glutamine can raise the plasma GLN level,abate the severity of intestinal damage obviously, maintain the barrier function of intestinal mucosa, enhance the immunological function, correct the negative nitrogen balance and promote the wound healing with no complications.

Objective:To observe the repairing effects and adverse action of bFGF polypeptide dressings to the superficial second degree burn wounds.Methods:30 superficial second degree burn patients were enrolled in this study.In a self-control study,the trial wounds(A) were applied with polypeptide dressings while the control wounds(B) with the saline gauze dressings to observe the promoting effect of bFGF on the wound healing and the possible adverse action.Results:The average healing time of the trial wounds was 12 days and was 3 days shorter than that of the control wounds.In comparison with control wounds,exudate and local inflammation were slighter on the trial wounds.The effective rate of bFGF polypeptide dressings reached 100%.Conclusion:bFGF polypeptide dressings can promote the healing of superficial second degeree burn wounds and shorten the healing time.This dressing is convenient,safe,non-irritative and has no obvious adverse actions.

Pinocembrin, belonging to flavanons, was isolated from various plants. Pinocembrin has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as neuroprotective effect, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant efficacy. Pinocembrin was approved as class I drugs to its phase II clinical trial by CFDA in 2009, mainly used for the treatment of ischemic stroke. As a promising compound, the manufacturing technologies of pinocembrin, including chemical synthesis, extraction from plant and synthetic biology, have attracted many attentions. Compared with the first two technologies, synthetic biology has many advantages, such as environment-friendly and low-cost. Construction of biosynthetic pathway in microorganism offers promising results for large scale pinocembrin production by fermentation after taking lots of effective strategies. This article reviews some of recent strategies in microorganisms to improve the yield, with focus on the selection of appropriate the key enzyme sources, the supply of precursors and cofactors by microorganisms, the choice of substance and the level of the key enzyme expression.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Fermentation ; Flavanones ; biosynthesis ; Industrial Microbiology ; Plants ; Synthetic Biology

[Objective] To investigate the effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on the expression of interleukin-1?(IL-1?) and interleukin-6(IL-6) and changes of nerve function in acute cerebral hemorrhage rat.[Methods] Rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group(N),sham-operative group(K),model group(C) and Zhutan Tongluo Tang group(Z),Collagenase was used to establish rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage,each group of animal nerve function damage was evaluated and graded after operation,ELISA method was used to test the expression of IL-1? and IL-6 in blood.[Results] 1.Score of nerve function: there was no significant difference between Z and C group in the first 1,2d.There was difference on 3d(P

Objective To investigate the changes in discharge rates of pain-sensitive neurons (PSN) in thalamic parafaseicular nucleus ( Pf) following coronary artery occlusion (CAO) and the effects of urapidil, a partial 5-HT agonist. Methods One-hundred male SD rats weighing 260-300 g were operated upon under urethane anesthesia and local infiltration of the skin incision. The animals were tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated. A hole was drilled in the skull until the brain was exposed. A single-barrel glass electrode was inserted, aiming at the PSN, the discharges of which were filtered, amplified and recorded. Chest was opened and heart was exposed. A tie was placed around the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery which can be occluded whenever needed. The study was divided into 3 groups : group I CAO alone; group II CAO + urapidil and group III CAO + urapidil + methysergide ( a potent serotonin antagonist). Urapidil 0.21 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously 15 min after CAO. Methysergide 0.1 mg.kg-1 was given iv 20 min after urapidil. Results Discharges of PSN were recorded in 45 animals out of the 100, and the recordings were complete for investigation in 31 animals. CAO evoked significant increase in the discharge frequency of PSN in 18/31 animals. After intravenous urapidil the increased frequency of nociceptive discharges was inhibited; however intravenous methysergide could partially antagonize the antinociceptive effect of urapidil. Conclusion The results indicate that (1 )the nociceptive response could be induced by CAO in rats; (2) Pf nucleus of thafamus is involved in the myocardial ischemia-induced nociceptive response of central nervous system; (3) serotonin plays a critical role in the modulation of the nociceptive signal of acute myocardial ischemia.

Co-citations of foreign and domestic highly cited papers on drug target discovery were analyzed by clustering analysis using BICOMB2.01 and gCLUTO.Semantic analysis of the titles and abstracts in these highly cited papers and their important source literature showed that general trend, theoretical foundation, main methods and principal resources are the major hotspots of text mining in drug target discovery.

Resource acquisition, subject service, information commons, volunteer service and service assessment in which the users participated are listed in this paper according to the cooperative goal structure theory and how to cooperate between libraries and users was described in aspects of working out system guidelines, establishing multi-level cooperation models and special organizations.

Overview of the challenges faced by hospitals in China against prescription data leakage and the underlying causes is made in the paper,along with operable tactics proposed based on experience of data protection accumulated at the hospital.