The institutional origin of Chinese public hospitals' management system of the budgeted post is the former Soviet Union's national economic budget management system, and the realistic origin is the realistic require-ments since 1949 . The reform experiece of both above suggests that the reform policy about cancelling budgeted posts in the public hospitals was not the result of the different pay, the same work dependeds on whether the budgeted post or not, but rooted in defects in management system of the budgeted post, which include the fracture of the ownership and the responsibility subject, the bottleneck of hospital decision-making ability, the obstacles of the talent flowing and separation of the payment system. This policy is only reform strategy of de-administration, rather than promoting the comprehensive marketization of public hospital. so the policy aboutcancelling budgeted posts is the beginning of comprehensive reforms about hospital corporate governance, medical security system, and medical service compensation. The specific methods of the medical service compensation will become the focus of the further reform. According to the foreign reform experiences and our reform practices, Policymakers would get health insur-ance and government purchase as the main compensation methods in future. However, because of the imbalance of e-conomic development, the diffcult of systematic reform, inertia obstacles of the old management system of the budge-ted post, we should make the comprehensive plans and cautiously advance the measures.

The “golden rice” event reflects the legal defects about juveniles'protection in health-care food feeding test.In the area of Chinese law application ,there is the same legislation on the both.But the legislation is not able to reflect the significant difference in the test benefit and protect the juveniles who can not express their will properly.The legislation of the countries out of China usually distinguish the both.There are three legislative models on the non-therapeutic research in the world which is similar to feeding test , and they are the limited model ,the legal guardian-deciding model and the risk and benefit-assesing model.We should refer to the legislative purpose and spe-cific provisions on the juveniles of the models above.We should perfect the legal model of juveniles'participance in health-care food feeding test by limit in principle with individual exception.

Acute Disease ; Aged, 80 and over ; Fluoroacetates ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pinellia ; Plants, Medicinal ; poisoning

ObjectiveTo explore the application value and techniques of vaginal hysterectomy of non-prolapsed uterus lesion in primary hospital. Methods140 cases who suffered from uterine fibroid without adhesion,glandular fibroids,functional bleeding without uterine prolapse and malignant disease were selected and divided into observation group(80 cases with vaginal hysterectomy)and control group(60 cases with routine abdominal hysterectomy).Then the clinical treatment effect was analyzed. ResultsCompared with control group,peri-operative bleeding (150 ±23)ml vs(243 ±41)ml,operation time(65 ± 14.0)min vs(90 ± 27.0)min,body temperature recovery time (3 ±0.5)d vs(4 ±0.8)d,anus exhaust time(14 ± 1.8)h vs(26 ±2.7)h,the length of time(5 ±0.8)d vs(11 ±2.9)d in observation group were all reduced,differences were significant(all P＜0.01)and no case was transferred to opening appendectomy. ConclusionFor these disease including uterine fibroids with no adhesion,glandular fibroid uterine bleeding,the vaginal hysterectomy was safe and feasible,and had the advantage of smaller trauma,less bleeding,shorter hospitalization time,faster recovery etc.It was worthy to be popularized in primary hospital.

Under the impact of medical and health system reform and focal events in China, the medical vio-lence policy change is characterized by partial discontinuous equilibrium. It gradually evolves from policymaker-based discontinuity to participatory one, from single decision-making field to the collaborative one, and from the ex-cessive protection of unilateral interest to the maintenance of public interest as a core. In the future, if we want to re-alize the effective minimization of medical violence by public policy, the participation of all parties in the policy deci-sion should be strengthened, the focal events should be analyzed as policy issues, and the policy should be clear in order to overcome the negative influence of the inactivity of old policies.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and the characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia.Methods 208 cases of macrosoroia were collected.Then the risk factors related to macrosomia by use of Logistic regression analysis were researched.208 infants of normal birth weight were selected as control group.The weight and length in 8 growth development monitoring time according to their health care manual were recorded.Mental development index(MDI)and physical development index(PDI)were tested and calculated by CDCC method when macrosomia and normal birth weight infants were 30 months.The characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia wre analyzed statistically.Results The risk factors of macrosomia contain age and height of the pregnant women,weight before pregnancy,weight increasing during pregnancy,nutriture,physical activity,family history of obesity and father's weight.Macrosomia was weighter than normal birth weight infants in the 8 growth development monitoring time and was longer than normal birth weight infants from 3 to 30 months(P ＜0.05).However,the length of macrosomia was not significantly different with that of control group when they were 36 months(P ＞ 0.05).MDI and PDI in macrosomia group were(107.33 ± 7.29)and(104.71 ± 6.93)respectively.MDI and PDI of normal birth weight infants group were(112.58 ± 7.61)and(109.09 ± 7.14)respectively.The differences were statistically significant(t =4.28,5.33;both P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There were several risk factors for macrosomia such as environment and heredity.At the period of infants and young children,macrosomia were weighter than normal birth weight infants.The mental development and psycho-moter development of macrosomia were behind normal birth weight infants.

Objective To approach the advantages and summarize the experience of mesh & plug tension-free hernia repair. MethodsThe mesh & plug tension-free hernia repair was administered in 102 patients of groin hernia with the BardR Mesh & PerfixR plug offered by Bard Company in U. S. A. The operation time,postoperative pain,patient's ability recovery, complications and recurrence rate were followed up. ResultsThe average operation time was 31.5minutes. The patients could move 4～6 hours after operation. Postoperative pain lasted about 2～3 days. One had retention of urine and two had wound subcutaneous hydrops. No wound infection. Nine had feeling of foreign matter in the groin region. Only one had recurrence in 89 patients who were followed-up. ConclusionBardR Mesh & PerfixR Plug has good tissue-compatibility,no rejection,and capability of anti-infection. It is an ideal material for hernia repair. The mesh & plug tension-free hernia repair is easy to be administered, with minor lesion, quicker recovery and lower recurrence. And the operation indication can be widened. It is a most advanced method in treating groin hernia.

Objective:To construct eukaryotic expression vector for anti-human melanoma chimeric antibody,and express the antibody in eukaryotic cells.Methods:Variable regions of the murine antibody were cloned from the anti-human melanoma hybridoma cell line HB8459,HB8760,Mel3,and was inserted them into the chimeric antibody eukaryotic expression vector pMH-CA.The constructed vector was transfected into 293T,the chimeric antibody was expressed,as detected by RT-PCR,ELISA,and Western blot.Results:Eukaryotic expression vectors of the chimeric antibody against human melanoma were successfully constructed,and expressed in eukaryotic cells.The expression of chimeric gene was confirmed by RT-PCR,specificity of the chimeric antibody was proved by ELISA and Western blot.Conclusion:Anti-human melanoma chimeric antibody was expressed successfully.

TCM believes renal deficiency is a major cause to climacteric syndrome,thus invigorating the kidney is considered to be the most basic treatment of this disease.This article makes an overview on the treatments of climacteric syndrome with kidney-invigorating Chinese medicine