AIMTo investigate the effect of hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on cardiac function and its mechanism.

METHODSThe Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus and a guide cannula placed in the left hypophysiotropic area, through which TRH were microinjected in presence or absence of L-NAME and atropine. The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), heart rate (HR) and the maximum velocity of ascending or descending in intraventricular pressure (+/- dp/dt(max)) were recorded.

RESULTS(1) TRH microinjected into the hypophysiotropic area induced a significant increase of LVSP, HR, dp/dt and-dp/dt(max) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) L-NAME significant increased LVSP and pretreatment with L-NAME inhibited the positive effects induced by TRH. (3) Atropine increased LVSP and dp/dt(max) (P < 0.05), but it significantly descended heart rate (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with atropine weakened the tachycardiac response induced by TRH.

CONCLUSION(1) Hypothalamic TRH can produce positive inotropic and chronotropic response to myocardium. (2) Hypothalamic endogenous NO can descend LVSP, but has no effects on HR, dp/dt(max), and-dp/dt(max). The effect of TRH is through nitric oxide-dependent pathway. (3) Hypothalamic endogenous cholinergic transmitter can produce negative chronotropic and positive inotropic response to myocardium. Hypothalamic TRH mediates cardiac function maybe partly through cholinergic M receptor.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles ; drug effects ; Hypothalamus ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Ventricular Function, Left ; drug effects

Purpose To investigate the serum prostate specific antigen( PSA)feature of high grade prostatic intraepithe1ia1 neop1asia ( HGPIN)patients,and the association of the number of cores positive for HGPIN on initia1 biopsy and the risk of cancer deve1opment in second biopsy. Methods 492 cases of patients with suspicious prostate cancer were schedu1ed for transrecta1 u1trasound prostatic biopsy with an 8-core temp1ate. In the first biopsy,186 cases of patients with PCa,34 cases of patients with iso1ated HGPIN( on1y one core invo1ved with HGPIN)and 13 cases of patients with extensive HGPIN( two or more cores invo1ved with HGPIN),64 cases of pa-tients with LGPIN,195 cases of patients with BPH. The va1ues of PSA were ana1yzed and compared within these groups. In patients with extensive HGPIN or iso1ated HGPIN we proposed a repeat 8-core biopsy after 6 months independent of serum PSA 1eve1. The same measure was app1ied for patients diagnosed as LGPIN or BPH in the first biopsy with accompanying increase or persistent e1evation of serum PSA 1eve1. The incidence of PCa was ana1yzed and compared within these groups. Results The serum PSA 1eve1s were no sig-nificant1y different between LGPIN and BPH(P>0. 05),between iso1ated HGPIN and LGPIN(P>0. 05),and between iso1ated HG-PIN and BPH(P>0. 05). The serum PSA 1eve1s were significant1y different between extensive HGPIN and LGPIN(P<0. 05),be-tween extensive HGPIN and BPH(P<0. 05),and between extensive HGPIN and iso1ated HGPIN(P<0. 05). In the second biopsy, the incidence of PCa in patients with extensive HGPIN was 38. 48%,that in patients with iso1ated HGPIN was 9. 68%,that in patients with LGPIN was 12. 50%,and that in patients with BPH was 12. 20%. Conclusions The features of PSA in patients with iso1ated HGPIN are simi1ar to BPH,PSA 1eve1 in patients with extensive HGPIN were between PCa and BPH,and patients with extensive HG-PIN have a higher incidence of PCa in second biopsy than iso1ated HGPIN and BPH.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and spermatogenesis of cryptorchid testes induced by postnatal injection of estradiol.

METHODSNinety male newborn Balb/C mice were randomly divided into an experimental (n = 60), a solvent control (n = 20) and a normal control group (n = 10). The experimental mice were again assigned to a 4-week, a 6-week, an 8-week, and a 10-week subgroup, and injected subcutaneously with 17-beta estradiol (5 microg/d) from 3 to 28, 3 to 42, 3 to 56 and 3 to 70 days after birth, respectively. The incidence of cryptorchidism and morphological changes of the testes were observed at 2 weeks after drug withdrawal.

RESULTSThe incidence rates of cryptorchidism in the 4-, 6-, 8- and 10-week groups were 0%, 26.7%, 60% and 60%, respectively, but no cryptorchidism occurred in the solvent and normal control groups. The 4- and 6-week groups showed autonomous descent of the cryptorchid testes and recovery of spermatogenesis after drug withdrawal. The models became stable and no spermatogenesis recovery was observed after 8 weeks of continuous medication.

CONCLUSIONStable cryptorchid infertile models can be established in mice by postnatally continuous injection of estradiol for over 8 weeks.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cryptorchidism ; chemically induced ; Disease Models, Animal ; Estradiol ; adverse effects ; Infertility, Male ; chemically induced ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Objective To explore the feasibility of rapid and sutureless anastomosis of artificial vascular replacement of abdominal aorta in dog models using magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) technique. Methods Twelve healthy adult crossbred dogs were evenly divided into the MCA and hand suturing (HS) groups according to the anastomosis method between abdominal aorta and artificial blood vessels. The intraoperative duration of abdominal aorta occlusion, intraoperative condition of anastomotic stoma and postoperative imaging examination of anastomotic stoma were compared between two groups. Results The intraoperative duration of abdominal aorta occlusion in the MCA group was significantly shorter than that in the HS group [(5.2±2.3) min vs. (24.4±4.3) min, P < 0.001]. No anastomotic leakage of blood or anastomotic stenosis occurred in the MCA group during the operation. Intraoperative anastomotic leakage of blood occurred in all of the 6 dogs in the HS group. Among them, 1 dog died of excessive blood loss, and 2 dogs experienced mild anastomotic stenosis due to repeated repair. Postoperative color Doppler ultrasound and angiography showed smooth blood flow at the anastomotic stoma without stenosis or thrombosis in the MCA group. In the HS group, 4 dogs presented with anastomotic stenosis on angiography at postoperative 4 weeks. Conclusions MCA technique may achieve rapid and sutureless anastomosis of artificial vascular replacement of abdominal aorta in dog models, which reduces the incidence of anastomotic complications and accelerates postoperative recovery.

Objective To evaluate 99Tcm-Arg-Glu-Ser (99Tcm-RES) as a potential tumor imaging agent. Methods RES was synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis. The optimal labeling conditions of RES were determined under different reagents and reacting temperatures using SnC12 as reducing agent.The biodistribution of 99Tcm-RES was studied in nude mice bearing human lung cancer A549. Results The radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-RES was up to 85% and the radiochemical purity was 75% ever after 6 h at room temperature. The tumor uptake of 99Tcm-RES was obvious and the radioactivity ratios of tumor/blood,tumor/heart, tumor/liver, tumor/lung, tumor/spleen and tumor/muscle were 5.31, 1.88, 1.57, 3.58,4. 16 and 5.92, respectively at 6 h after 99Tcm-RES injection. Gamma camera imaging showed that tumor uptake of 99Tcm-RES was negative in rabbits with inflammatory mass but positive in those bearing tumor.The radioactivity ratio of tumor/inflammation was 3.12 at 6 h after injection. Conclusion 99Tcm-RES might possibly become a potential tumor imaging agent.

Objective: To explore the clinical application indications, filter selection and filter removal techniques of inferior vena cava filter. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 108 cases of inferior vena cava filter implantation in the Department of Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2018 to February 2019 was performed. One hundred and eight patients with inferior vena cava filter were eligible for filter placement, including 50 males and 58 females; the average age was 59 years, and the age ranged from 23 to 90 years. Different types of inferior vena cava filters were selected according to the patient's condition, the location of the thrombus, the type of surgery and the prognosis of the disease. In this study, lower extremity vascular ultrasound was performed by the outpatient in 2 weeks after the filter placement, 1 month after the operation, 2 months after the operation, and 3 months after the operation. The inferior vena cava filter was recovered by a catcher. Loop technology, Loop and biopsy forceps were used for patients with difficult filter recovery. After removal of the filter, the angiography confirmed the integrity of the inferior vena cava wall. Observe whether the filter was completed, deformed, broken and whether there was thrombus in the filter. Results: The removal of inferior vena cava filter was performed in patients with no free floating thrombus or fresh thrombus in popliteal, femoral, iliac and inferior vena cava confirmed by ultrasound. In this group, 108 patients with inferior vena cava filter implantation included 11 patients anticoagulant contraindications, 11 patients with pulmonary embolism, 5 patients with floating thrombosis in iliac vein, femoral vein or inferior vena cava, 35 patients with acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity received catheter-directed thrombolysis or percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy, 46 patients with abdominal, pelvic or lower extremity surgery for acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity and high risk factors of pulmonary embolism. One hundred and three patients received retrievable inferior vena cava filters and 5 patients received temporary inferior vena cava filters. Ninety-two patients were followed up successfully in this group. In 74 patients, the filter trap was recovered using a catcher, and the inferior vena cava filter of 12 patients were successfully removed by Loop technology and Loop with biopsy forceps.The success rate of the filter removal was 93.5%. After removal of the filter, angiography of inferior vena cava showed smooth wall, blood flow patency and no extravasation of contrast agent. The removal filters have normal shape, no fracture and no deformation. Conclusions Operators should strictly observe the indication of inferior vena cava filter placement, master a variety of filter removal methods to improve the success rate of filter removal and maximize the benefit of patients with inferior vena cava filter implantation.

OBJECTIVETo understand the current status and relative factors of reproductive health (RH) on unmarried floating population.

METHODSBoth quantitative and qualitative surveys were employed. Quantitative survey would include questionnaire admimistration, physic examination and laboratory test while qualitative study including focus/nominal group discussion, individual and resource persons interview. All of the investigative targets were selected under informed consent.

RESULTSAmong 1333 investigated unmarried floating population, the mean score on knowledge of RH was 12.97 +/- 12.20 (the full score was 100). Among studied persons, 10.20% of them were in favor of unmarried sexual activity while 50.64% of them did not care about it and 26.90% of them had ever experienced sexual activity. Among females who experienced sexual activity, 25.45% of them had induced abortion. It was found, through multivariate logistic analysis, that sexual activity at younger age, less education, agreed on having sexual activity under partner's request, sexual activity in half of a year, and pregnancy were the major risk factors on RH of unmarried floating population.

CONCLUSIONThe problem on the current status of RH among unmarried floating population needs to be addressed as they were lack of knowledge on RH and having more risk factors on RH.

Abortion, Induced ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Female ; Health Status ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sexual Behavior ; statistics & numerical data ; Single Person

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have identified signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) as a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in different populations. In order to examine whether the allele distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in gene STAT4 rs7574865 in patients with SLE is different from those of healthy controls in Chinese Northern Han population, we investigated whether the variants of STAT4 rs7574865 were associated with any specific clinical features of SLE.

METHODSWe genotyped SNPs in STAT4 rs7574865 in 252 patients with SLE and 497 healthy controls. All subjects were from the Northern part of Chinese Han population. The genotypes in rs7574865 were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and consequence direct sequencing of PCR products in the DNA samples.

RESULTSThere was a significant difference in distribution of the SNPs in rs7574865 between the SLE patients and healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, there was a significant correlation between TT genotypes in rs7574865 and the risk of SLE when GG genotype was used as a reference genotype after adjusting for gender and age. The frequency of T allele in the SLE patients was strongly significantly higher than that of healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the distribution of SNP in rs7574865 between male and female SLE patients, when compared with healthy controls. The frequency of T allele in rs7574865 in male patients was significantly higher than that of male healthy controls or female patients. There was no significant correlation between the frequencies of T allele in STAT4 rs7574865 and the clinical features of SLE.

CONCLUSIONSThe SNP rs7574865 in STAT4 is strongly associated with risk of SLE in the Chinese Northern Han population. The TT genotype and T allele in STAT4 rs7574869 are susceptibility factors for SLE, especially for male SLE patients.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; STAT4 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To review the surgical treatment for reconstructing hypopharynx and cervical esophagus after hypopharyngo-oesophagectomy, and to evalue its efficacy. METHODS: Different methods were adopted to reconstruct the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus among 25 cases, including 14 cases of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and 11 of carcinoma of hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. In accordance with the standard of the International Union Against Cancer in 1997, the 25 cases were divided into different clinic stages, among which 5 were in T(2)N(0), 2 in T(2)N(1), 4 in T(3)N(0), 3 in T(3)N(1), 7 in T(4)N(1) and 3 in T(4)N(2). Treatment protocol was as follow: Pure operation for 5 cases, re-operation after radiotherapy for 2 cases, operation plus radiotherapy for 18 cases, laryngeal conservation operation for 8, and neck dissection for 21 cases. Reconstruction was done by using free jejunal transplantation, gastric pull-up, the laryngotracheal flap, and myocutaneous flap. RESULTS: After the reconstruction, 3 cases of free jejunal graft and gastric pull-up, 4 of laryngotracheal flap recovered oral fleeding within 2 weeks. No serious complications occurred. After 18 cases underwent the myocutaneous flap reconstruction, no complications occurred in 10 patients, but there were different complications in 8 cases, including pharyngocutaneous fistula (6 cases), haryngoesphageal stenosis (7 cases), and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap necrotic (1 case). The 3-year survival rate was 38.9% (7/18). CONCLUSION Reconstruction with free jejunal graft, gastric pull-up, and laryngotracheal flap constitutes is a safe and reliable method to restore the continuity of the upper digestive tract after pharyngo-laryngo-oesophagectomy. After the reconstruction with myocutaneous flap, there is high incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula and haryngoesophageal stenosis.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Hypopharynx ; surgery ; Jejunum ; transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

Objective To study the integrated monitoring program regarding mouse and plague, hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome(HFRS)and leptospirosis. Methods Integrated monitoring plan was used. A designated office coordinated 5 departments' actions within the Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). Cage-trapping method was conducted to monitor the density of mice from June to October, respectively. Results Lishui municipal CDC had finished the integrated monitoring program on mouse and mouse-borne disease while the Longyou CDC had finished the field investigation, using the integrated monitoring program.Specimens were sent to provincial CDC. The integrated monitoring program needed more number of personnel and better coordination. Lishui reported 3 leptospirosis cases and 58 HFRS cases in 2009,with the incidence rates as 0.13 and 2.44 per 100 000, respectively. Longyou reported 2 leptospirosis case and 1 HFRS cases in 2009, with the incidence rates as 0.49 and 0.25 per 100 000, respectively.Lishui and Longyou had no plague case. Lishui caught 91 mice in 2009 and the density was 4.17%.Longyou caught 37 mice in 2009, with the density as 1.18 percent. Most mice caught from Lishui were Apodemus agrarius and the next was Mus musculus. In Longyou the Rattus tanezumi ranked the first, followed by Apodemus agrarius. The positive rate of HFRS antigen in Lishui and Longyou were 10.42% and 4.59% respectively. The positive rate of HFRS antibody in Longyou was 3.70%. The culture positive rate of leptospirosis in mouse renal of Lishui and Longyou were 0 and 0.98%respectively. The culture positive rate of leptospirosis in pig renal, duck renal, frog renal and cattle urine of Longyou was 0. The culture positive rate of leptospirosis in duck blood of Longyou was 80%.Conclusion The integrated monitoring program on mouse and mouse-borne disease seemed to be feasible and could promote the integrated surveillance and control program on mouse and mouse-borne diseases in China.