Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was proved to be closely associated with neovascularizational ocular diseases and a new therapeutic target.Anti-VEGF agents can inhibit the neovascularization and decrease the permeability of blood vessels.The application of anti-VEGF agents has revolutionized the treatment of these diseases.Ranibizumab has been approved to apply for the treatment of wAMD in China.In USA,it has been also approved to apply for the treatment of macular edema induced by diabetes or retinal vein occlusion.As off-label drug use,anti-VEGF agents also are used for other ocular neovascular diseases,such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy,other retinal vascular diseases and neovascular glaucoma.The clinical application of anti-VEGF agents as an adjunctive treatment modality to surgery has shown the obvious therapeutic effect,including minimizing the risk of complication and recrudescence in intraoperation and posteoperation.The perioperative research and application of anti-VEGF drugs including bevacizumab and ranibizumab in retinal vascular diseases were reviewed.

Objective: To quantitative analyze the expression of osteopontin(OPN) in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) tissues and its clinical significance.Methods: OPN expression was examined in 59 OSCC(with different clinical and pathological characteristics) and 12 normal oral mucosa(NOM) samples by using immunohistochemical method.The staining results were quantitatively studied by image analyzer.Results: OPN expression was much higher in OSCC sample than that in NOM sample(P

BACKGROUND:Sodium hyaluronate injection after arthroscopic debridement of knee osteoarthritis can reduce postoperative pain and improve joint function, but there is a controversy on the time for the hyaluronate injection after arthroscopic debridement of knee osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the time of hyaluronate injection after arthroscopic debridement of knee osteoarthritis, and to compare recent rehabilitation effect of knee sodium hyaluronate injection for knee function after
arthroscopic debridement of knee osteoarthritis between injection just after knee arthroscopy and injection 2 weeks after knee arthroscopy.
METHODS:The clinical data of 100 knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing sodium hyaluronate injection
immediately and 2 weeks after arthroscopic debridement were analyzed with prospective randomized control ed trial method, and the preoperative visual analog scale score, Lysholm score, 6 weeks postoperative visual analog scale score, 3 months postoperative visual analog scale score, and 3 months postoperative Lysholm score were recorded. The effects of recently rehabilitation of knee joint after surgery in two groups were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in postoperative visual analog scale score between immediate injection group (6.52±2.38) and 2 weeks postoperative injection group (6.54±2.37). The preoperative Lysholm score in the immediate injection group (43.44±16.18) was lower than that in the 2 weeks postoperative injection group (51.12±16.3). The 6 weeks postoperative visual analog scale score in the immediate injection group (3.2±2.46) was significantly higher than that in the 2 weeks postoperative injection group (5.1±2.68). The 3 months postoperative visual analog scale score/Lysholm score in the immediate injection group (2.72±2.70)/(80.58±15.63) were significantly higher than those in the 2 weeks postoperative injection group (4.72±3.07)/(64.96±21.68). The results indicate that sodium hyaluronate injection immediately after arthroscopic debridement of knee osteoarthritis is more favorable for recent rehabilitation.

The utility of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer has been paid more attention. There are many clinical trials all over the world which concerned the whole course of breast cancer. Although the value of detecting circulating tumor cells is different at each stage of breast cancer, the advantage is significant compared with traditional methods in monitoring and evaluating diseases status. Nowadays the treatments of breast cancer are classiifed and individualized, it is possible to ifnd the most timely and optimized regimens after detecting the amount and characteristics of circulating tumor cells.

Objective To study bioactivity of microencapsulated peripheral nerve tissue after transplanted into abdominal cavity and analyze the in vivo time-effect relation. Methods Microencap-sulated peripheral nerve tissues were injected into the abdominal cavity of mice. Results Microencap-sulated peripheral nerve could remain intact six months after transplantation. The peripheral nerve cells survived, with normal proliferation function. Conclusions Microencapsulated peripheral nerve tissues can remain bioactivity at least six weeks in vivo. Improved technique of microencapsulation may prolong bioactivity of microencapsulated peripheral nerve tissues and accordingly promote nerve regeneration fol-lowing peripheral nerve injury.

In this study, we selected 24 crewmen who worked in the high temperature circumstances in the engine cabin, resulting in a great loss of body water, together with a large amount of inorganic salts and nitrogen. We Proved that the loss of sodium, potassium, and calcium in sweat is greater than that in urine. The excretion of sodium is the highest, then potassium, the lowest is calcium. The body weight of the engine member has a prominent decrease after summer. It seems that the regaining of body weight can be promoted by great supply of vitamins. So, we should give a large amount of proteins, vitamins and calcium to the members who worked in the circumstance of such a high temperature. The amount of salt is already quite enough in an ordinary meal.

Ageing of population is now a phenomenon of the world and has considerable consequences for public services.Ageing is always accompanied with dysfunction of multiple organs,including hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis.Here,we summarized alterations of hormone secretion of adrenal glands in the elderly and their relationships with Alzheimer' s disease.Moreover,we discussed characteristics of pheochromocytoma,primary aldosteronism,and Cushing's syndrome in the elderly.Lack of typical manifestations usually makes difficulty in diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the injury effects and mechanisms of circulating histones on the hepatocytes in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV )-related liver failure (HBV-LF) .Methods Serum samples from patients with HBV-LF were collected . The levels of serum histone H3 , histone H4 , prothrombin activity (PTA ) ,total bilirubin (TBil) ,creatinine (Cr) and international normalized ratio (INR) of the patients were measured .Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was calculated in the patients .The serum levels of histones were compared between patients and the healthy volunteers . The correlation of histones with the MELD score and PTA was analyzed .The human liver cell line L-02 cells were cultured and treated with the serum of patients or L-02 cellular lysate supernatant preincubated with or without anti-histone H3 and H4 antibodies .The cellular morphology and rate of apoptosis were observed .Intracellular calcium ion concentration and Caspase-3 activity were detected in the cultured L-02 cells treated with histones .Mean of two independent samples was compared using t tests .Relationship between histones and the MELD score or PTA was conducted using Spearman correlation analysis .Results The levels of serum histones in the patients with HBV-LF were much higher than those in the healthy volunteers (H3 :[5 390 .3 ± 1 032 .0] μg/mL vs [42 .7 ± 12 .8] μg/mL , t = 32 .76 , P < 0 .01 ; H4 :[4 205 .1 ± 662 .3] μg/mL vs [40 .3 ± 14 .6] μg/mL ,t = 39 .74 , P< 0 .01) .In addition ,serum histones (H3/H4) levels in patients were negatively correlated with serum PTA (r= - 0 .325 ,P= 0 .038 and r =- 0 .572 ,P= 0 .028 ,respectively) ,but positively correlated with the MELD score (r= 0 .359 ,P= 0 .021 and r = 0 .568 , P = 0 .007 , respectively ) . Both serum of patients with HBV-LF and L-02 lysate supernatant were toxic to cultured L-02 cells .The injury effect was inhibited by anti-histone antibodies ([9 .3 ± 1 .5]% vs [14 .3 ± 0 .6]% , t = 4 .259 , P= 0 .02) .L-02 cells treated with calf thymus histone were cultured for 4 h . Cellular toxicity of histones resulted in Caspase-3 activation . The effect was inhibited by anti-histone antibodies ([3 .5 ± 0 .5]% vs [5 .2 ± 0 .6]% ,t= 4 .243 ,P= 0 .02) .Conclusion The elevated circulating histones in the patients with HBV-LF may aggravate the liver damage .

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy of calcium phosphate cement combined with bFGF in repairing pulp chamber perforation and to analyze the correlation between the diameter of the perforation and the curative effect.Methods 75 patients with pulp chamber perforation (82 teeth) were enrolled and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the repair material and method.A series of subgroups were also modeled according to the diameter of the perforation,which include the control group A (≤ 1.5 mm),control group B (1.6～3 mm) and control group C (＞3 mm),as well as the observation group A (≤ 1.5 mm),observation group B (1.6～3 rmm) and observation group C (＞3 mm).The observation group was treated with calcium phosphate cement combined with bFGF,and the control group was treated with calcium phosphate cement alone.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.8％,which was significant higher than 80.6％ in the control group (P＜0.05).The cure rate of the observation group A was 100％,which was significant higher than 73.3％ in the observation group B and 41.7％ in the observation group C (all P＜0.05).The total effective rates of the observation group A and B were significantly higher than 91.7％ in the observation group C (all P＜0.05).The cure rate of the control group A was 92.9％,which was significant higher than 60.0％ in the control group B and 25.0％ in the control group C (all P＜0.05).The total effective rates of the control group A (100％) and B (90.0％) were significantly higher than 91.7％ in the control group C (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Calcium phosphate cement combined with bFGF in repairing the pulp chamber perforation was significantly better than calcium phosphate cement alone.The cure rate of perforation repairing is closely related to the perforation size.The perforation with small diameter may achieve a better repairing effect.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the tagging condition in medication of special population in package inserts in order to give reference for rational drug use of special population. METHODS: 389 pieces of common Chinese and western medicine package inserts of our inpatient and out-patient dispensaries were randomly collected and analyzed statistically in terms of the content of package inserts for special population, including pregnant and lactant women, children and the aged. RESULTS: A part of medication items of special population in package inserts had deficiency. According to the classification of dosage form, the tagging rate of injection exceeded other dosage forms reached to more than 90%, except of medication items for children. The tagging rate of oral formulation arrived at more than 90% only in terms of contraindications and cautions. According to the classification of manufacturer, the tagging rate of domestic drugs was kept at the low level while that of imported drugs exceeded 90%. CONCLUSIONS: Package inserts need to be improved with the effort of drug supervision management department, drug production department and population of using drugs to guarantee the safety of drug use in special population.