1.Characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries in accidents of bicycles collided by motor vehicles.
Ning-Guo LIU ; Dong-Hua ZOU ; Ming-Yuan MAO ; Jian-Hua ZHANG ; Xian-Long JIN ; Yi-Jiu CHEN
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2007;23(6):401-404
OBJECTIVE:
To study the characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries involving bicycles collided by motor vehicles.
METHODS:
The real traffic accident cases of bicycles collided by motor vehicles, including the information of scenes, bicycles, motor vehicles, rider wounds and traffic directions, were collected. Retrospective method was used to study these riding injuries. In addition, typical cases were selected to simulate traffic accident courses with computer simulation software, and the dynamic data like acceleration, force, moment were cxtracted to compare with those in the real cases.
RESULTS:
There were no difference of occurring frequency between cases with or without riding injuries, as well as between one-side-collision and front- or back-collision. The riding injuries seemed less in accidents involving large-scale vehicles. The frequency of riding injuries increased with vehicle speed. The wound location was low on collision side and high on opposite.
CONCLUSION
Analysis of riding injury characteristic in traffic accidents and their biomechanical mechanism would be helpful for estimation of traffic manner.
Accidents, Traffic
;
Area Under Curve
;
Bicycling/injuries*
;
Biomechanical Phenomena
;
Computer Simulation
;
Humans
;
Leg Injuries/pathology*
;
Models, Theoretical
;
Motor Vehicles
;
Perineum/injuries*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Wounds and Injuries/pathology*
2.Acute Compartment Syndrome after Non-Contact Peroneus Longus Muscle Rupture.
Jarrad MERRIMAN ; Diego VILLACIS ; Curtis KEPHART ; Anthony YI ; Russ ROMANO ; George F Rick HATCH
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery 2015;7(4):527-530
This case demonstrates a rare variation in the pattern of injury and the presentation of acute lateral compartment syndrome of the leg. Although uncommon, lateral compartment syndrome of the leg after an ankle inversion leading to peroneus longus muscle rupture has been previously documented. This case was unusual because there was no overt ankle injury and the patient was able to continue physical activity, in spite of a significant rupture of the peroneus longus muscle that was determined later. This case highlights the necessary vigilance clinicians must maintain when assessing non-contact injuries in patients with possible compartment syndrome.
Acute Disease
;
Adult
;
*Compartment Syndromes/pathology/surgery
;
Humans
;
*Leg/pathology/surgery
;
Male
;
*Muscle, Skeletal/injuries/surgery
;
Rupture, Spontaneous
;
Young Adult
3.Effect of length-width ratio on partial necrosis in distally based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap: 157 cases.
Zhonggen DONG ; Jianwei WEI ; Lihong LIU ; Shunhong LUO ; Miao HE ; Zhengbing ZHOU ; Xiangwu DENG ; Yang YANG
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) 2010;35(7):754-759
OBJECTIVE:
To explore the effect of length-width ratio (LWR)on partial necrosis in distally based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap.
METHODS:
Clinical data and operative pictures of 157 distally based sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps were reviewed and analysed. LWR of the flaps ranged from 2.83:1 to 7.14:1. Based on the LWR of the flaps, the flaps were divided into 5 groups: Group A(LWR≤3:1), Group B(3:1
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Aged
;
Child
;
Child, Preschool
;
Female
;
Foot Injuries
;
surgery
;
Humans
;
Leg Injuries
;
surgery
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Necrosis
;
Reconstructive Surgical Procedures
;
methods
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Skin Transplantation
;
methods
;
Soft Tissue Injuries
;
surgery
;
Surgical Flaps
;
blood supply
;
innervation
;
pathology
;
Young Adult
4.Numerical reconstruction and injury biomechanism in a car-pedestrian crash accident.
Dong-Hua ZOU ; Zheng-Dong LI ; Yu SHAO ; Hao FENG ; Jian-Guo CHEN ; Ning-Guo LIU ; Ping HUANG ; Yi-Jiu CHEN
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2012;28(6):401-407
OBJECTIVE:
To reconstruct a car-pedestrian crash accident using numerical simulation technology and explore the injury biomechanism as forensic evidence for injury identification.
METHODS:
An integration of multi-body dynamic, finite element (FE), and classical method was applied to a car-pedestrian crash accident. The location of the collision and the details of the traffic accident were determined by vehicle trace verification and autopsy. The accident reconstruction was performed by coupling the three-dimensional car behavior from PC-CRASH with a MADYMO dummy model. The collision FE models of head and leg, developed from CT scans of human remains, were loaded with calculated dummy collision parameters. The data of the impact biomechanical responses were extracted in terms of von Mises stress, relative displacement, strain and stress fringes.
RESULTS:
The accident reconstruction results were identical with the examined ones and the biomechanism of head and leg injuries, illustrated through the FE methods, were consistent with the classical injury theories.
CONCLUSION
The numerical simulation technology is proved to be effective in identifying traffic accidents and exploring of injury biomechanism.
Accidents, Traffic
;
Adult
;
Automobiles
;
Autopsy
;
Biomechanical Phenomena
;
Computer Simulation
;
Craniocerebral Trauma/pathology*
;
Finite Element Analysis
;
Forensic Medicine/methods*
;
Humans
;
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*
;
Leg Injuries/pathology*
;
Male
;
Models, Theoretical
;
Walking/injuries*
5.Forensic pathological analysis on 23 cases of fatal pulmonary thromboembolism.
Dao-yin GONG ; Yao-bin WANG ; Cen-cen ZHANG ; Fei-jun HUANG
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2010;26(1):33-36
OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the forensic pathological characteristics of sudden death caused by pulmonary thromboembolism and the chronological transformation of thrombus and explore the assessment method of the causal relationship between previous trauma and the following fatal PTE episode.
METHODS:
All the 23 cases reviewed here were collected from our institute files from the year of 1998 to 2008.
RESULTS:
Trauma, surgery and braking etc. were all risky factors of PTE. Of these cases, 12 cases were caused by trauma, 21 cases were caused by surgery and 22 cases died in hospitals which were often happened one or two weeks after injury or one week's postoperative time. Of all the cases, 6 cases had single attack of thrombus and the rest 17 cases had the recurrence of thrombus. The number of the leg deep vein to be the embolic source was 16 cases which were often seen in the left leg.
CONCLUSION
It is important to confirm the embolic source, trauma, surgery and chronological events in determing the sudden death with PTE.
Adolescent
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Adult
;
Aged
;
Autopsy
;
Cause of Death
;
Child
;
Death, Sudden/etiology*
;
Expert Testimony
;
Female
;
Forensic Pathology
;
Humans
;
Leg/blood supply*
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Pulmonary Artery/pathology*
;
Pulmonary Embolism/pathology*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Risk Factors
;
Venous Thrombosis/pathology*
;
Wounds and Injuries/complications*
;
Young Adult
6.Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type: a study of clinicopathology, immunophenotype and gene rearrangement.
Tingting WANG ; Ling JIA ; Wenjun LIAO ; Liuqing CHEN ; Xixue CHEN ; Ya XIONG ; Fei HAO ; Xuejun ZHU ; Xichuan YANG ; Lin WANG
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2015;44(2):100-105
OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and gene rearrangement of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCLBCL).
METHODSSeven cases of PCLBCL were enrolled into the study. Clinicopathologic analysis, immunohistochemical staining and gene rearrangement for IgH and Igκ were undertaken in the study.
RESULTSAll the seven cases were male, and the median age was 72 years. Patients usually presented with multiple purple tumors, nodules, papules and infiltrative plaques. Two patients had a history of leg injury before onset, and one had mosquito bites. Histologically, the tumor involved the dermis and subcutis with dense and diffuse infiltrative pattern composing of centroblasts and/or immunoblasts. Immunohistochemical staining showed that seven cases (7/7) expressed CD20, six (6/6) expressed bcl-2, four (4/4) expressed MUM-1, four (4/5) expressed CD79a, four (4/5) expressed PAX-5 and four (4/6) expressed bcl-6, respectively. All cases did not express CD3ε, CD45RO, CD10 and CD30. IgH gene rearranged bands were detected in three (3/6) cases and Igκ was detected in one (1/5) case. Six of the seven cases died and the remaining patient, who was 44-year-old, was alive after 22 months of follow-up.
CONCLUSIONSPCLBCL is rare, predominantly affects elderly male patients. PCLBCL has poor prognosis and high mortality, but younger patients seem to have better prognosis. Some cases had a history of trauma or mosquito bites. The relationship between the history and the onset of PCLBCL needs further evaluation.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Culicidae ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; genetics ; Immunophenotyping ; Insect Bites and Stings ; complications ; Leg ; Leg Injuries ; complications ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology