Adenoma, Sweat Gland ; pathology ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leg ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Humans ; Leg/pathology* ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology*

Edema ; pathology ; Humans ; Ischemia ; pathology ; Leg ; blood supply ; Ligation ; Male ; Popliteal Vein ; abnormalities ; pathology ; surgery ; Saphenous Vein ; pathology

A 2-year-old girl had variably-sized, relatively well demarcated, depressed brownish patches on the left shoulder, back, and both legs from the age of 1 month. The biopsy specimen from the left shoulder showed an increase in the number of normal intradermal eccrine ducts and coils, which was compatible with pure eccrine nevus. The clinical manifestation of our case, including brownish depressed patches, was unique compared to other reported cases.
Back ; Biopsy ; Case Report ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; Leg ; Nevus/pathology* ; Shoulder ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathology*

Aged ; Humans ; Leg ; Leiomyosarcoma ; pathology ; secondary ; therapy ; Male ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; therapy

Adult ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; pathology ; therapy

Adult ; Erythromelalgia ; pathology ; Humans ; Leg ; physiopathology ; Leprosy ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Singapore

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hyperKPP) is a muscle sodium-ion channelopathy characterized by recurrent paralytic attacks. A proportion of affected individuals develop fixed or chronic progressive weakness that results in significant disability. However, little is known about the pathology of hyperKPP-induced fixed weakness, including the pattern of muscle involvement. The aim of this study was to characterize the patterns of muscle involvement in hyperKPP by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: We performed whole-body muscle MRI in seven hyperKPP patients carrying the T704M mutation in the SCN4A skeletal sodium-channel gene. Muscle fat infiltration, suggestive of chronic progressive myopathy, was analyzed qualitatively using a grading system and was quantified by the two-point Dixon technique. RESULTS: Whole-body muscle MRI analysis revealed muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration in hyperKPP patients, especially in older individuals. Muscle involvement followed a selective pattern, primarily affecting the posterior compartment of the lower leg and anterior thigh muscles. The muscle fat fraction increased with patient age in the anterior thigh (r=0.669, p=0.009), in the deep posterior compartment of the lower leg (r=0.617, p=0.019), and in the superficial posterior compartment of the lower leg (r=0.777, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our whole-body muscle MRI findings provide evidence for chronic progressive myopathy in hyperKPP patients. The reported data suggest that a selective pattern of muscle involvement-affecting the posterior compartment of the lower leg and the anterior thigh-is characteristic of chronic progressive myopathy in hyperKPP.
Channelopathies ; Humans ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Muscles ; Muscular Atrophy ; Muscular Diseases* ; Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic* ; Pathology ; Thigh

Lumbar radiculopathy is generally caused by such well-recognized entity as lumbar disc herniation in neurosurgical practice; however rare pathologies such as thrombosed epidural varix may mimic them by causing radicular symptoms. In this case report, we present a 26-year-old man with the complaint of back and right leg pain who was operated for right L4-5 disc herniation. The lesion interpreted as an extruded disc herniation preoperatively was found to be a thrombosed epidural varix compressing the nerve root preoperatively. The nerve root was decompressed by shrinking the lesion with bipolar thermocoagulation and excision. The patient's complaints disappeared in the postoperative period. Thrombosed lumbar epidural varices may mimic lumbar disc herniations both radiologically and clinically. Therefore, must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of lumbar disc herniations. Microsurgical techniques are mandatory for the treatment of these pathologies and decompression with thermocoagulation and excision is an efficient method.
Adult ; Decompression ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrocoagulation ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Pathology ; Postoperative Period ; Radiculopathy ; Varicose Veins*

In this study, we describe our diagnosis and treatment of two patients who presented with femoral vessel compression caused by a cystic lesion in the groin. One case was diagnosed as adventitial cystic disease (ACD) of the common femoral artery resulting in leg claudication and the other was diagnosed as a ganglion cyst (GC) causing femoral vein compression and unilateral leg swelling. The operative findings differed between these two cases with respect to the dissection of the cyst and femoral vessel, but the postoperative histological examination results were similar. The pathogenesis of ACD and GC is not fully understood, and further investigation is needed to delineate the exact pathology of these uncommon conditions.
Adventitia ; Diagnosis ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; Ganglion Cysts ; Groin* ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Pathology