Eight bacterial strains were examined whether they have phoP/phoQ genes which were known to be involved in the intracellular survival of Salmonella typhimurium. The phoP/phoQ operon were known to sense the stimuli of the genes involved in the adaptation of the environment. Using 514-basepairs EcoRV DNA fragment of phoP region of Salmonella typhimurium as a probe, dot blot hybridization were performed. Chromosomal DNAs of Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marscescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Listeria monocytogenes were examined by DNA hybridization assay. Against our expectation, intracellular pathogen, L. monocytogenes, did not have similar DNA sequences to phoP/phoQ of S. typhimurium, while E, coli, S. dysenteriae, and E. cloacae showed the positive signal even though they were not intracellular pathogens. This result suggested that the phoP/phoQ operon was absent in intracellular pathogenic bacterias other than S. typhimurium. Rather it was found in phylogenetically closer bacterias to S. typhimurium, which were not able to survive in intracellular environment. Some different mechanism, which is not dependent on phoP/phoQ operon, could be involved in the intracellular survival of L. monocytogenes.
Bacteria* ; Base Sequence ; Cloaca ; DNA ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Escherichia coli ; Klebsiella ; Listeria monocytogenes ; Operon ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Serratia ; Shigella dysenteriae

No abstract available.
Mandibular Osteotomy*

Herpes simplex virus infections, with their increasing tendenes are one of the most common infectious diseases. But there have been no systematic investigations on the prevalence of HSV antibodies according to ages in Korea. We therefore decided to investigate this prevalence using micro-neutralization tests. Blood samples were collected from 502 randomly selected men and women, 5 months to 77 years of age who were outpatients or hospitalized patients at the Hanyang University Hospital between 1990-1991. Students at the Hanyang university college of medicine, and other volunteers were also tested. All of the serum samples were assayed for antibodies to HSV useing the microneutralization test. The Cos strain of HSV 1 and the YHS 2-1 strain of HSV 2 were use3 in our study. The antibody titers were expressed as the highest serum dilution causing 80% plaque reduction. The individuals with a neutralizing antibody titer of 1: 2 or higher to HSV 1 were regardel as having the antibody to HSV l. To determine HSV 2 antibody activity, the II/I index was used (II/I mdex : log HSV1 antibody titer/log, HSV 2 antibody titer, lI/I index >0.85) The results obtained were the followings : 1. HSV 1 antibodies were found at a relatively high rate in young a es and its prevalence gradually increased with age. 2. HSV 1 antibody titers iricreased with age. 3. HSV 2 antibodies were not found in children under 11 years of ae but were found in teenagers at a relatively low rate. The prevalence tended to increas with age. 4. HSV 2 antibody titers showed a higher value in those over 31 years of age.
Adolescent ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Child ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Herpes Simplex* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Prevalence* ; Simplexvirus* ; Volunteers

To evaluate the structural characteristics that might be related to the clinical features noted in preeclamptic patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS), we analyzed post-partum renal biopsies of 8 preeclamptic patients with FSGS (group 1) by morphometry and glomerular studied the structural-functional relationships. These findings were also compared with those from three postpartum cases with minimal change lesion(group 2) and normal age-matched women(group 3). Mean glomerular volume (MGV) in group 1 and group 2 was (2.64 +/- 0.49) x 10(6) micrometer3 and (2.56+/-0.25)x 10(6) micrometer3, respectively. MGV in both groups was significantly increased compared with that of the control group [(1.11+/-0.22)x10(6) micrometer3](p<0.0005). The volume density of the mesangium/glomerulus [Vv(mes/glom)] in the group 1 patients was significantly increased (p<0.0001) when compared with that of the group 2 and the control group patients. The increment of Vv(mes/glom) was related to both the mesangial cell proliferation and expansion of mesangial matrix. The volume density of the capillary lumen/glomerulus [Vv(cap/glom)] in group I was significantly decreased(p<0.0001) when compared with that of group 2 and the control group. Vv(cap/glom) was directly related to Ccr in group l(r=0.70, p=0.05). These results suggest that reduced capillary luminal area caused by mesangial interposition is related to the decreased glomerular filtration rate in preeclamptic FSGS.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; DNA* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

No abstract available.
Enterobacteriaceae* ; Starvation*

Epidermoid Cyst is a very rare benign neoplasm of the testis which represents about 1% of all testicular tumors. Ultrasonography findings of epidermoid cyst are so variable in reported cases that it is not eas y to diagnose preoperatively. The echogenecity of mixed echoic. it may show hyperechoic rim, and rarely shows target apperance. Target appearance may be a specific finding of epidermoid cyst, and it may be helpful to diagnose preoperatively. we describe a case of epidermoid cyst of the testis demonstrating double target sign on ultrasonography.
Epidermal Cyst* ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testis* ; Ultrasonography

The DNA fragment containing the phoA of Klebsiella pneumoniae was cloned into pACYC184. The size of the insert. was 4.0 kb and the restriction map showed it contained 3 Pstl sites and 4 PvuLI sites. The nucleotide sequence of the phoA region was determined, which showed strong (80%) sequence similarity with that of Escherichia coli. This suggested that these two species are phylogenetically very close to each other.
Base Sequence ; Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; DNA ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Escherichia coli ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Operon*

Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate(InsP,) is a second messenger for obilizing intracellular Cal'. It can be dephosphorylated by soluble and particulate forms on InsP, 5-phosphatase, or phosphorylated to produce inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate(InsP,) by InsP, 3-kinase. These enzymes represent possible targets for the regulation of the InsP,AnsP. signal. InsP, 3-kinase which catalyses th ATP-dependent phosphorylation of InsP, was purified from bovine brain tissue. All operation were carried out at 41C. Fresh tissure was homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant was pooled. Proteins were precipitated from 10% polyethylene glycol, and suspended solution was applied to DEAE cellulose column for chromatography. As the result of above procedure, two isozymes of InsP, 3-kinase, I and U were obtained. Each isozyme was applied to Matriz green gel, Calmodulin-Affigel 15 column and subsequent phenyl-TSK HPLC column. Specific activites(SA) and fold of puriety were observed at each purification step of chromatography. At DEAE cellulose chromatography, SA were 1, 0.6 and 11, 4.8 nM/min/mg, and folds
Brain* ; Catalysis ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DEAE-Cellulose ; Inositol* ; Isoenzymes ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases* ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Second Messenger Systems

No abstract available.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Neurons* ; Neuropeptides*