The patient was a 7 months old Korean girl, who was admitted to Department of Ophthalmology of the Seoul National University Hospital, with 6 months history of the left eyelid swelling and exophthalmos. Visual acuity and ocular movement were unaffected. Orbit CT revealed 1.5x.5 cm sized well circumscribed intraconal mass in the left retrobulbar space with pressure erosion of adjacent bone. At surgery, the mass was pinkish gray and firm, and was adherent to adjacent tissue. The whole mass could not be removed, and a local excision was done.

No abstract available.
Bronchi* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10* ; Molecular Biology*

Purpose: This study compares the clinical features of children who underwent Hotz’s operation for epiblepharon before and after the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the randomized charts of 976 children diagnosed with epiblepharon who underwent Hotz’s operation in our hospital from March 2016 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgery from March 2016 to December 2019 (before the pandemic, group 1) and those who had it from August 2020 to December 2022 (after the pandemic, group 2). Patients were further categorized into age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, and 12-14 years) for comparison of clinical features. Results: Groups 1 and 2 included 714 and 262 patients, respectively. In group 2, BMI was significantly higher in the 6-8 and 9-11 groups and skin fold height was also higher. Conclusions In regard to clinical features, BMI was greater after the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 6–11 years, and skin fold height was higher across all age groups. These changes are likely due to lifestyle modifications associated with the pandemic.

Purpose: This study compares the clinical features of children who underwent Hotz’s operation for epiblepharon before and after the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the randomized charts of 976 children diagnosed with epiblepharon who underwent Hotz’s operation in our hospital from March 2016 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgery from March 2016 to December 2019 (before the pandemic, group 1) and those who had it from August 2020 to December 2022 (after the pandemic, group 2). Patients were further categorized into age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, and 12-14 years) for comparison of clinical features. Results: Groups 1 and 2 included 714 and 262 patients, respectively. In group 2, BMI was significantly higher in the 6-8 and 9-11 groups and skin fold height was also higher. Conclusions In regard to clinical features, BMI was greater after the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 6–11 years, and skin fold height was higher across all age groups. These changes are likely due to lifestyle modifications associated with the pandemic.

Purpose: This study compares the clinical features of children who underwent Hotz’s operation for epiblepharon before and after the COVID-19 pandemic focusing on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the randomized charts of 976 children diagnosed with epiblepharon who underwent Hotz’s operation in our hospital from March 2016 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgery from March 2016 to December 2019 (before the pandemic, group 1) and those who had it from August 2020 to December 2022 (after the pandemic, group 2). Patients were further categorized into age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, and 12-14 years) for comparison of clinical features. Results: Groups 1 and 2 included 714 and 262 patients, respectively. In group 2, BMI was significantly higher in the 6-8 and 9-11 groups and skin fold height was also higher. Conclusions In regard to clinical features, BMI was greater after the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 6–11 years, and skin fold height was higher across all age groups. These changes are likely due to lifestyle modifications associated with the pandemic.

OBJECTIVES: This Study was designed to investigate the pattern of AUI(Alcohol Use Inventory) and MAST(Michigan Alcohol Screening Test) according to the awareness of drinking problem and receptiveness to treatment, and to know whether the type(type1 and type 2 according to Barbor's typology) has effects on the RECPAWAR(acknowledgement and awareness of use problem and receptive to treatment of these problem) score. METHODS: Subjects were 134 alcoholic patients from Alcoholic treatment ward. They were requested to fill up the questionnaires of Korean version of AUI and MAST(MAST for patient and MAST for caretaker). At first, based on the RECPAWAR, they divided into high RECPAWAR group(above 30 percentile) and low RECPAWAR group(below 30 percentile). According to typology, they divided into type 1 and type 2. The data was analyzed by T-test, Correlation, and Regression Analysis. RESULTS: 1) Significant negative correlation was observed between RECPAWAR score and MAST difference score(patient's MAST-caretaker's MAST). 2) High RECPAWAR group had significantly higher scores in the most scales than low RECP-AWAR group, except ENHANCED scale in AUI. 3) There was not significant difference on RECPAWAR score between type 1 and type 2. CONCLUSION: Except ENHANCED scale, the high RECPAWAR group had higher score in the second level scale. As compared with the low RECPAWAR group, the high RECPAWAR group responds more negative in drinking, and is more anxious about their drinking problems. So, they seem to have the objective view about their drinking problems. However the type was not related to receptive and awareness of drinking problem.
Alcoholics* ; Drinking* ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Michigan* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Report* ; Weights and Measures

We report an autopsy case of the brain stem glioma that extended extensively in the brain stem itself and cephalad. This 18-year-old boy first presented with dizziness, vomiting and left side weakness with left facial palsy. Brain MRI revealed a diffusely infiltrative tumor involving whole medulla, pons and lower midbrain. A total of 4000 R was given with some alleviation of respiratory difficulty. He died one year after the onset. Autopsy revealed the tumor involving pons, a portion of medulla oblongata, and cerebellum. The tumor showed diffusely infiltrative pattern and extended along the periventricular area to the thalamus and corpus callosum. The cut surface was grayish white and solid. It also showed areas of myxoid degeneration and necrosis probably related to radiation therapy. Microscopically the tumor was a cellular and pleomorphic glioma that showed some astrocytic differentiation. It was diffuse without geographic necrosis.

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*

This study was undertaken to observe the effects of centrally administred antihistamines on the blood pressure. Diphenhydramine(DPH), a H1-receptor antagonist, and ranitidine(RAN), a H2-receptor antagonist were administered intracerebroventricularly(icv) on urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 1) Both DPH and RAN administered intraccebroventricularly increased blood pressure, however the intravenous(iv) adminstration of them did not affect blood pressure. The pressor response to icv DPH was dose-dependent, but that to icv RAN was not. 2) The pressor response to icv DPH(1mg) was either markedly attenuated or reversed to depressor response by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(250,500ug), and iv chlorisondamine(0.1, 1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). In cord-sectioned rabbtis, icv RAN) 1mg) did not produce pressor response. 3) The pressor responsr to icv RAN(1mg) was not affected by the pretreatment with icv phentolamine(500ug), iv chlorisondamin(1mg/Kg) and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg), and iv phenoxybenzamine(1mg/Kg). RAN also producted pressor response in cordsectioned rabbits. These results suggest that the pressor response to icv DPH is elecited by increasing peripheral sympathetic tone via the stimulation of central alpha-adrenoreceptors and the pressor response to icv RAN is produced by releasing some humoral facotr which can increase blood pressure.
Blood Pressure ; Diphenhydramine* ; Histamine Antagonists ; Rabbits* ; Ranitidine*