Objective To investigate the role of the classification of Lauren in staging of gastric carcinoma and preoperative assessment using spiral CT. Methods Forty eight patients, 32 men and 16 women, who were 24～78 years old, with histologically and endoscopically proven gastric carcinoma, underwent spiral CT scans in prone position, with drug induced hypotonia and water filling. To induce gastric wall hypotonia and to maintain it during the entire examination, 10～15 mg of 654 2 was administered iv before basal scanning. All patinets underwent 2D, 3D and axial imaging using spiral CT, and 46 patients underwent dual phase contrast within one breathhold each. All patients with gastric carcinoma underwent staging and preoperative assessment by two radiologists according to the classification of Lauren. Results Spiral CT correctly detected all tumours. In our series, gastric carcinoma was of the diffuse type in 33 cases, of intestinal type in 15 cases; first stage in 2 cases, second stage in 18 cases, third stage in 15 cases and forth stage in 13 cases. There were 40 patients being performed operation, gastrectomy was performed in 33 patients and laparotomy was performed in 7 patients. The staging and preoperative assessment accuracy was 85.4% and 95.0% respectively, overstaging was 10.4%, and understaging was 4.2% according to the classification of Lauren. Correct rate of spiral CT detected lymph nodes (N1,N2) was 74.1% and 82.7% respectively. There are about 18 patienes whose arteries were invaded by tumors. With dual phase contrast, spiral CT can get well in detecting tumour, especially in staging gastric carcinoma in artery phase. Conclusions The classification of Lauren is recommended for staging of gastric carcinoma and preoperative assessment using spiral CT.

Objective To study the clin ic al application of 64-slices spiral CT in coronary artery. Methods Twenty-six patients were performed 64-slices spiral CT in coronary artery, 15 of the 26 patients underwent selective coronary artery angiography. Results The main branches and part of the sub-branches o f the coronary artery were clearly displayed. 38 coronary artery branches of 16 patients were found stenosis. In 15 cases with conventional angiography, all mai n branches and parts of sub-branches of coronary artery were displayed clearly. All patients demonstrated coronary artery stenosis. The diagnostic accuracy of 64-slices spiral CT was 94.12%. Conclusion As a minimall y invasive examination, 64-slices spiral CT is a valuable method to detect and diagnose the diseases of coronary artery.

Objective To discuss the value of enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in the diagnosis of facial nerve canal fracture.Methods Thirty patients with facial nerve canal fracture underwent axial and coronal CT scan.The correlation between the fracture and the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was analyzed.The ability of showing the fracture and enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in axial and coronal imaging were compared.Results Fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was found in the operation in 30 patients,while the fracture was detected in CT in 18 patients.Enlargement of geniculate ganglion of facial nerve was detected in 30 patients in the operation,while the enlargement of fossa was found in CT in 28 cases.Enlargement and fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal were both detected in CT images in 18 patients.Only the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was shown in 12 patients in CT.Conclusion Enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was a useful finding in the diagnosis of fracture of geniculate fossa in patients with facial paralysis,even no fracture line was shown on CT images.

Objective To improve the applied value of Multi-slice CT (MSCT) in the diagnosis and treatment of the colonic tumours.Methods MSCT axial images reconstruction 4-D,MIP and CT virtual colonoscopy (CTVC) in 30 patients with colonic tumours proved histologically were analysed and compared these results with that of barium enema and colon endoscopy.Results The diagnostic correctly rate in this group was 100% by MSCT,while the diagnostic rate by CTVE and colon endoscopy was basicly identical.Conclusion MSCT is recommended for the diagnosis and treatment of the colonic tumour.

Objective To introduce the procedures and evaluate the clinic value of CT-guided interstitial 125I seeds implantation in treating lung cancer. Methods Thirty-one cases patients with lung cancer underwent CT-guided interstitial 125I seeds implantation. All patients were scanned on multi-spiral CT (Philips, MX 8000) with optical navigating system (pinpoint), and treatment plan system, needle, and 125I seeds (Chinese Academy of Science) were used. First of all, according to the size of tumor, TPS calculated the optimal quantity of seeds. Then, under the guidance of CT, 125I seeds were percutaneously implanted into the tumors for interstitial radiotherapy. CT follow-up examinations were performed 1, 2, and 6 months after the therapy, respectively. According to the size of tumor, curative effects were graded as 4 grades: grade Ⅰ: obvious relief (OR) (the size of tumor reduced up to 50%), grade Ⅱ: relief (PR) (the size of tumor reduced by 25%-50%), grade Ⅲ: slight relief (SD) (the size of tumor reduced by 1%-25%), and grade Ⅳ: no effect (PD) (the size of tumor did not reduce or increase, and clinic symptoms showed no relief). Results At 1 month, 9 cases were classified as grade Ⅰ, 6 as grade Ⅱ, 13 as grade Ⅲ, and 3 as grade Ⅳ, respectively. At 2 months, 17 cases were grade Ⅰ, 8 grade Ⅱ, 3 grade Ⅲ, and 3 grade Ⅳ, respectively. At 6 months, 23 cases were grade Ⅰ, 3 grade Ⅱ, 2 grade Ⅲ, and 3 grade Ⅳ, respectively. Conclusion CT-guided interstitial 125I seeds implanted was a safe, reliable, and effective curative method for lung cancer.

Objective To study the value of color Doppler ultrasonography and thermography in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods Three hundred cases of breast mass were divided into two groups,each group composed of 150 cases.GroupⅠwas examined with color Doppler ultrasonography,groupⅡwas examined with color Doppler ultrasonography and thermography synchronously.Results The average pixel density in color blood flow of breast cancer was 22%,while the density of benign masses was 12%.The average temperature difference of breast cancer with thermography was 2.1 ℃,while that of benign mass was 1.5 ℃.The statistical difference existed between the benign mass and the breast cancer (P

0.05).But significant enhancement was found after LAD ligation for 4 hours (82.1?15.2) HU.MSCT coronary angiography could show the blockage of LAD in nine dogs.Conclusion MSCT myocardial perfusion combined with coronary angiography could estimate myocardial ischemia and infarction,and show the blockage of the coronary artery.

Objective To investigate the usefulness of 3 T MRI 3D-FIESTA in the evaluation of the intraparotid components of the facial nerve and parotid duct, and compare them with surgical findings. Methods Twenty-two cases with parotid benign tumors were scanned with conventional and 3D-FIESTA sequences on 3 T MRI scanner. Postprocessed multiplanar images were obtained with the workstation. Parotid ducts and facial nerves and tumors were identified on these images. The relationship of the tumors to the facial nerves and Parotid ducts was confirmed at surgery. Results Various types of parotid benign tumors had their characteristics on 3 T MR imaging. Parotid benign tumors mainly showed hypo-intensity on T_1WI in 21 cases, and hyper-intensity on T_2WI in 22 cases. But on 3D-FIESTA images, they appeared hypo-intensity (10 cases) or high intensity (12 cases) due to different types. Facial nerves in parotid appeared as linear structures with hypo-inteusity. The indication of the main trunks were 16 and 18 cases for T_1WI and T_2WI images, while on 3D-FIESTA images, the main trunks and cervicofacial and temporofacial divisions of the facial nerves were found in 22, 21,22 cases. Parotid ducts appeared as structures with hypo-intensity on T_1WI and hyper-intensity on multiplanar images (14, 20, 22 cases). Compared with surgical results, the main trunks of the facial nerve were correctly showed by 3D-FIESTA images in 20 cases. However, in 2 cases they were not located in the operation because of shifting. Conclusion 3 T MR 3D-FIESTA imaging could depict the extracranial facial nerve and the parotid duct in the parotid gland, which is useful for preoperative evaluation of parotid gland tumors.

Objective To introduce the procedures and to evaluate the application value of the optical navigating interventional MR-guided percutaneous biopsies and therapies. Methods Thirty-five of 54 patients (33 males, 21 females) underwent percutaneous biopsies and 19 of 54 patients underwent percutaneous therapies under optical navigating interventional MR-guidance. The age ranged from 9 months to 78 years (mean 38.8 years). All patients were performed under a 0.23 T open MRI system (Proview, Philips Medical System) with optical navigating system (iPath 200, Philips Medical System). The needle and bone biopsy drill were MR-compatible (Daum, Germany). Results Punctures were accurate in all patients (54/54). 33 of 35 biopsies got the pathological diagnosis. All therapies (19/19) got the definitive curative effect. All patients had no obvious complications, such as severe hemorrhage, viscera or nerve injury.Conclusion iPath 200 interventional MR-guided percutaneous biopsies and therapies are accurate and safe techniques.

Objective To compare the image quality of diffusion-weighted MR neurography (DW-MRN) of the tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve prospectively using different motion probing gradients (MPGs).Methods A total of 21 healthy volunteers underwent DW-MRN at the knee (unilateral imaging) on a 3.0 T magnetic resonance system with unidirectional MPGs.The protocol included anteriorposterior unidirectional,right-left unidirectional,three-directional and six-directional MPGs.The apparent SNR and CNR of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve were calculated.Three-dimensional MIP images of the nerves were evaluated blindly by two radiologists using a four-point grading scale on basis of entirety depiction and the signal intensity.Significance was determined by using Friedman and paired Wilcoxon tests.Results The SNR of tibial nerves on DW-MRN with anterior-posterior,right-left,three directional and six directional MPGs were 4.17 (2.70-5.65),4.35 (0.47-4.69),3.46 (2.27-4.62) and 3.30 (2.06-4.43),respectively.CNR were 0.61 (0.46-0.70),0.63 (0.36-0.73),0.55 (0.39-0.64) and 0.53(0.35-0.63),respectively.The scores of tibial nerve image quality were 4.0 (2.0-4.0),4.0 (3.0-4.0),2.5 (2.0-3.5),2.0 (1.0-2.5),respectively.Interobserver agreement was good and the Kappa value was 0.69 (P ＜ 0.05).The SNR of the common peroneal nerves on DW-MRN with anteriorposterior,right-left,three directional and six directional MPGs were 3.05 (2.30-4.20),3.05 (2.26-4.34),2.72 (1.84-13.80) and 2.68 (1.87-3.67),respectively.CNR were 0.51 (0.39-0.62),0.51 (0.39-0.63),0.46(0.30-0.86) and 0.46(0.30-0.57),respectively.The scores of the common peroneal nerve image quality were 3.5 (2.0-4.0),4.0 (2.0-4.0),2.0 (1.0-3.0) and 2.0 (1.0-2.5),respectively.Interobserver agreement was good and the Kappa value was 0.70(P ＜0.05).For SNR,CNR and nerve image quality of the tibial nerves and the common peroneal nerves,there were significant differences among different MPGs (x2 =215.01,215.01,60.49 and 182.82,182.82,60.22,respectively,P ＜ 0.05).SNR,CNR and nerve image quality of the tibial nerves and the common peroneal nerves on DW-MRN with unidirectional MPGs were better than those with three-directional and sixdirectional MPGs (Z =-6.90-4.03,P ＜ 0.05).The SNR and CNR of the tibial nerves on DW-MRN with right-left direction were better than those with anterior-posterior unidirectional MPGs (Z =-3.53,-3.41,P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference of image quality between right-left and anteriorposterior directional MPGs (Z =-0.58,P ＞ 0.05).DW-MRN of the tibial nerves with three-directional MPGs was better than that with six-directional MPGs (Z =-3.00,-2.80,-3.92,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between right-left and anterior-posterior unidirectional MPGs,or between three-directional and six-directional MPGs of common peroneal nerves (Z =-1.94--0.31,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions DW-MRN has capability to provide three-dimensional visualization of the tibial and common peroneal nerves,and the image quality with unidirectional MPGs is better than that with three or six directional MPGs.