Our study was carried out on children who lived in the main streets and children who lived at Vanphuc commune, Thanhtri district, Hanoi that is far from the main roads and streets. Results have shown that air lead, precipitated dust and floor dust were statistical significant higher than control and exceeded many times to allowed standards. The lead level in drinking water and food did not play a significant role in differentiation between lead level in the bodies of children. The hair lead level in children who lived in the main streets was significant higher than this in control.
Lead ; Lead Poisoning ; child

Thousands foundry workers are exposing to lead in Thai Nguyen Industrial zone. Annually, local physician's reports show that the rates of lead poisoning among the foundry workers are 10-20%. Results of an analysis on 36 foundry personal samples showed that the air lead in the foundry area is more than 0.001 mg/m3. Industrial hygiene data also showed a high risk of lead poisoning in Thai Nguyen foundry workers. Recommended measures to reduce the risk are education of lead poisoning and good industrial hygiene practice
Lead ; Lead Poisoning

Recently, air-borne lead sampling by acids and impinge was not reasonable for the personal sample, neither was it for risk assessment of lead poisoning. The application of NMAM for lead exposure dose evaluation deduces that: the personal samples describe well the risk of lead poisoning of the foundry workers. Personal lead samples give mean of 0.012 to 3.460 mg per shift (air borne lead from 0.001 mg/m3 to 0.330 mg/m3). So, the samples are needed and useful for better risk assessment and occupational health care here
Lead ; Lead Poisoning

No abstract available.
Lead Poisoning*

No abstract available.
Lead Poisoning*

The occurrence of severe lead (Pb) poisoning has risen in certain countries. There is increasing evidence that chronic lead exposure disturbs the prooxidant: antioxidant balance in the brain tissue and alters brain histology. The present study observed the antioxidant effect of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on brain tissues of the experimental rats following lead poisoning. Eighteen (n=18) male Sprague-Dawley rats, 6-weeks old, were randomly divided into control (CTRL) group and experimental groups; fed with 0.2% w/v lead acetate, as PB2 group; and fed with 0.2% w/v lead acetate and daily TRF supplementation (200 mg/kg body weight) as PB2T group. The experiment was conducted for 30 days. At the end of the study, the brain tissues were harvested and histopathological changes of the hippocampal region were observed. Biochemical findings such as brain lead, TRF and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined. It was observed that atypical apoptotic-like and disorganized neurons were present in the hippocampal region of the untreated PB2 group compared to PB2T group. Biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in brain lead level in PB2T compared to PB. Even though no significant difference (p > 0.05) was obtained for MDA level, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the erythrocyte SOD activity in PB2T compared to PB2 and CTRL. Supplementation with TRF improved histopathological changes in the brain tissues caused by lead exposure in drinking water by reducing lead accumulation in the brain of experimental rats.
Lead Poisoning

In order to study the chelating action of d-penicillamine on lead and the possibility of its application to the provocation test for diagnosis of lead poisoning, urinary excretion of lead was measured from 24-hour urine samples before, during and after administration of d-penicillamine by oral route for 5 days on 18 lead workers. The results were as follows: 1. Oral d-penicillamine 600 mg/day raised the excretion of urinary lead by approximately 3 times as compared with initial urinary lead level. 2. Initial urinary lead level was the better indicator of urinary lead excretion in d-penicillamine administration than initial blood lead delta-ALA and hemoglobin level. 3. Oral d-penicillamine may be quite useful in provocation test for lead poisoning.
Diagnosis ; Lead Poisoning ; Penicillamine*

No abstract available.
Chelating Agents* ; Lead Poisoning*

No abstract available.
Basophils ; Lead Poisoning

A description and analysis were realized to determine the intoxication of lead and arsenic in workers who were exposed to various enviromental factors in Thai Nguyen colored metallurgy factories. These workers had > 5 years old professional age in the field of exploiting and processing the metal. Study showed a high level of intoxication. The mean value of urine ALA oscillated in the range from 7.15 – 7.8 mg/l. There were 20-51 cases with pathological manifestation of lead and arsenic intoxication in the years 1998-2000.
Lead Poisoning/epidemiology ; Lead ; Arsenic Poisoning/epidemiology ; Epidemiology