An 11 year old girl presented with dyspnea and a rough cough, after having mistakenly swallowed a steel ball and unable to relieve the symptoms. Chest X-ray showed an image consistent with a 10 mm diameter circular object, embedded in the right mainstem bronchi near the fifth thoracic level and the medicastinal moving to the right. A clinical diagnosis based on these findings: foreign body of the right bronchial.
Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy

Animals ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Lung ; blood supply ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

We investigated health condition and evaluate the viability of Barthel's measuring scale for 1297 elder patients at 17 nursing homes.We nursed all patients by standards and performed a comparison study.The nursing percentages of highest and lowest levels were higher than the previous ones ( P ＜ 0.01 ),while the nursing percentage of normal level was lower than the previous one ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The cooperation between doctors and nurses became optimized through progressive patient care.Ideal nursing standard should be based upon the doctors' judgment and nurses' evaluation.The new standard will be more suitable for patients and easier to control for nurses.

Burnout, Professional ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the impact on long-term survival using elective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) before liver transplantation (LT) to treat patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods A medical literature search was conducted up to October 2011 to identify comparative studies which evaluated survival rates,recurrence rates,and disease free survival.Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95 ％ confidence intervals (95 ％ CI) were calculated using either the fixed or random effect model.Results 571 patients were included into this meta-analysis:326 patients were treated with elective TACE before LT and 245 patients were not treated before LT.A comparison between the elective pretransplantation TACE group and the LT only group showed the odds risks (95％CI) of 1-,3-,5-years overall survival rate were 1.90 (0.09-3.33),1.19 (0.67-2.14),1.23(0.63-2.39),respectively.The odds risks (95％CI) of 1,3,5-years disease free survival rates were 1.36 (0.65-2.83),0.91 (0.48-1.75),1.16 (0.76-1.79),respectively.The odds risk (95％CI of recurrence was 1.60 (0.65-3.89).Conclusion Pretransplatation TACE improved 1-year overall survival,but it did not improve the 3 and 5 years overall survival,disease-free survival and recurrence rates.

Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) on the expressions of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors in experimental pulpalgia rats.Method Forty-two male SD rats were randomized into a normal group (group N), a control group (group C), a pulpalgia model group (group M), an antagonist group (group A), an electroacupuncture group (group E), and an antagonist+electroacupuncture group (group AE), 7 rats in each group. Group N didn’t receive any interventions; group C received injection of normal saline into pulp cavity of the same dose as the injection in group M, and the cavity was then blocked by dental fillings 5-6 min later; in group M, maxillary first and second molar teeth were drilled (drill bit of 1 mm in diameter) to expose pulp and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution 5μg/μL was injected into the holes (1~3μL for each hole), and the holes were then covered by dental fillings 5-6 min later; group A received the same modeling method as that in group M, but A-317491 was injected together with LPS (0.5 mg/kg); group E received electroacupuncture at bilateral Hegu (LI 4) with needles retained for 30 min, once a day, totally for 3 times; group AE received the same electroacupuncture intervention after receiving the same treatments as that in group A. The rats’ behaviors and weight were observed for 30 min after intervention each day. The rats were sacrificed on the 4th day, and the mRNA expressions of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors andβ-actin in trigeminal ganglion were detected by using RT-PCR. The mRNA expressions were then compared among the groups.Result The behavioral changes in group M, E, and AE were more significant than that in group C and N (P<0.01); the behavioral changes in group A, E, and AE were less significant than that in group M (P<0.01). The weight in group C was significantly lower than that in group N (P<0.01); the weights in group M, A, E and AE were significantly lower than that in group C and N (P<0.01); the weights in group E and AE were significantly higher than that in group M and A (P<0.01,P<0.05); the weight in group A was slightly higher than that in group M (P<0.05); the weights in group AE was significantly higher than that in group E (P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of P2X2 receptor in group M, A, and AE were significantly higher than that in group N and C (P<0.01); the mRNA expressions of P2X2 receptor in group A, E, and AE were lower than that in group M (P<0.05); the mRNA expression of P2X2 receptor in group A was lower than that in group E (P<0.05); the mRNA expression of P2X2 receptor in group E was higher than that in group AE (P<0.05). The mRNA expressions of P2X3 receptor in group M, A, and E were significantly higher than that in group C (P<0.05) and group N (P<0.01); the mRNA expressions of P2X3 receptor in group A, E, and AE were significantly lower than that in group M (P<0.01); the mRNA expression of P2X3 receptor in group AE was markedly lower than that in group E (P<0.01).Conclusion The expressions of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors in trigeminal ganglion were increased in LPS-induced pulpalgia rats. Electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) and injection of A-317491 both can down-regulate the mRNA expressions of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors, which is plausibly the action mechanism of electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) in analgesia.

Seasickness is a leading factor causing reduction in battle efficiency, and psychological factor is one of the important factors influencing the development and progression. This article reviews the mechanism, affecting factors, predictive indications, prevention and treatment of seasickness from a psychological perspective, in an attempt to provide psychological guidelines for military training, enhance the anti-seasickness ability of military staff and decrease its incidence.

Objective To explore the relationship between the retinal changes with pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome(PIH) and prognosis of maternity and fetus.Methods The fundus of 220 patients with moderate and severe PIH were examined and analyzed.Results All patients had fundus changes and the fundus changes were positively related with the degree of PIH(P

How to identify active constituents of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and study their interactions are key problems in the development of TCMs. The inhibitory effect of six alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) on Shigella dysenteriae (S. dysenteria) growth had been investigated by microcalorimetry in this study. Main active constituents of RC were confirmed by comparing their contributions to the bacteriostatic effect, and the interactions among active constituents were further researched. According to the result, in 0.8 mg-mL-1 extract of RC, the contributions of six active alkaloids including berberine, coptisine, epiberberine, palmatine and the combination of jatrorrhizine and columbamine were 52.83%, 36.31%, 2.49%, 4.27% and 3.21%, respectively. Therefore, berberine and coptisine were the main active constituents of RC that inhibited the growth of S. dysenteria. The study of interactions among the six alkaloids indicated that, 1 there were some contstituents antagonizing the inhibitory effect of RC, 2 there was a synergy effect between berberine and coptisine, 3 there were additive effects between other four alkaloids and the main active constituents. These results may provide some useful references for the establishment of the quality standard for RC and the development of multi-component TCMs.
Alkaloids ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Synergism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Shigella dysenteriae ; drug effects ; growth & development

Objective Radionuclide-labeled low molecular weight polypeptide is reeently advocated for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of 131Ⅰ-Tyr-octreotide in nude mice bearing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods 131Ⅰ-Tyr-octreotide was prepared by Ch-T method. The radiochemical purity was measured and biodistribution was evaluated. The nude mice models bearing human NSCLC were studied and divided into four groups: group A injected 131Ⅰ-Tyr-octreotide through tail vein, group B injected normal saline, group C injected 131Ⅰ-Tyroctreotide through stroma and group D injected 131Ⅰ through stroma. The radioactivity ratio of tumor to normal tissue (T/NT) was calculated over region of interest (ROI). The tumor cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotion nick end labeling (TUNEL) and histopathological analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 11.0, and the comparison for difference between groups performed with one-way ANOVA analysis. Results The labeled radiochemical purity was (95.23±1.67)% and specific activity of 3.5×106Bq/ug. The biodistributiou showed high uptake in kidney, and low uptake in liver and spleen. The radioactive uptake in group C was higher than the other groups, and the retention time was longer. The T/NT was 52.74±0.13 after 24 h, which was much higher than that the other groups (group D: 8.90±0.23, group A: 6.42±0.02, q=628.81 and 664.33, all P<0.05). The resuits of tmnor cell cycle determined by FCM showed that the G1 phase was blocked mast remarkably in group C than the other groups [group C: (83.17±6.86)%, group A: (57.02±18.81)%, group D: (49.29±7.80)%, group B: (45.88±5.13)%, q=5.29, 6.86, 7.55, 1.56, 2.26, 0.69, all P<0.05]. Apeptotic cells were observed by TUNEL, and apoptotic body was detected by immuno-histochemical examination. Conclusions 131Ⅰ-Tyr-octreotide was easily labeled by Ch-T. 131Ⅰ-Tyr-octreotide could induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit the tumor cell of NSCLC. It might be a potential target-directed agent in NSCLC.