Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is the gem of Chinese culture,while TCM culture the root and driving force for its development.Higher learning institutes,one of whose main missions is innovating and inheriting culture,are playing the unique roles in promoting world-wide recognition of TCM culture through international cooperation due to the abundant resources in TCM academy,talent,clinical study and international education.Taking Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as an example,this paper has made constructive exploration and study on how to promote the international communication of TCM culture to allow the international community for better understanding and the application of TCM based on the analysis of current situation and experience summarization with literature investigation and case study.Effective measures that have been put forward include establishing TCM experiencing center,promoting the construction of Confucius Institute,proactively building TCM library,improving the standardization of TCM translation,optimizing approaches of TCM international communication,and speeding up the cultivation of TCM international communication talents.

Objective To investigate the role of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T cells in chronicity of hepatitis B and viral clearance of hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods Nineteen patients with chronic active hepatitis B(CAH).21 HBV carriers(AsC)and 12 patients with resolved HBV infection and 1 5 healthy controls were enrolled.The frequency and phenotype of peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry.CD4+CD25+T cells were sorted by magnetic-activated cell sorting(MACS)assay.Level of Foxp3 mRNA in CD4+CD25+T cells was examined by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)assay.The data were analyzed by one-way ANoVA or nonparametric statistics.Results Both frequencies of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells and levels of Foxp3 mRNA in CD4+CD25+T ceils in patients with CAH or AsC were significantly higher than those in healthy controls Or resolved HBV infection(F=6.8,F=3.72,respectively;both P<0.05).Accumulation of Foxp3+T cells in liver tissue of CAH patients was higher than that of healthy controls,while that in AsC was lower than CAH.The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells of hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)positive patients(including CAH and AsC)was significantly higher than that of HBeAg negative patients(t=2.3,P<0.05),and that of antFHBe negative patients were significantly higher than anti-HBe positive patients(t=2.4,P<0.05).Furthermore,the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T cells was positively correlated with serum HBV DNA level of patients with chronic hepatitis B(r=0.56,P<0.01).Conclusion The findings have important implication in the understanding of the role of CD4'CD25'regulatory T cells in chronicity and viral clearance in HBV infection.

OBJECTIVETo observe effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on antioxidant enzyme and Ca2+(-) ATPase activities and Ca2+ content in mitochondria of skeletal muscle cells in rats of acute swimming exercise and explore the mechanism of acupuncture in increasing sport ability.

METHODSForty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The rats in the acupuncture group and the electroacupuncture group were treated respectively with acupuncture and electroacupuncture before acute swimming exercise. After the swimming exercise, the rats were killed and the skeletal muscle was taken, and then the indexes were determined.

RESULTSAfter acute swimming exercise, the GSH-Px and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities in the mitochondria of the skeletal muscle decreased significantly (P < 0.05) and Ca2+ content increased (P < 0.01) in the swimming group as compared with the control group; in the acupuncture group, SOD activity increased significantly (P < 0.05), GSH-Px and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities increased as compared with the swimming group (P < 0.05); Ca2+ contents in the swimming group and the electroacupuncture group significantly increased as compared with the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can protect cells from injury of acute sports and maintain the functions of mitochondria so as to delay fatigue, prolong working time of muscles and prevent muscles from damage.

Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Mitochondria ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of Staphylococcus aureus from infertile men on sperm motility and the relationship between virulence genes and the activity of spermatozoal immobilization.

METHODSWe collected 60 strains of non-repeated Staphylococcus aureus from the semen of 589 infertile males and analyzed the influence of Staphylococcus aureus on sperm motility using the computer-aided sperm analysis system. We selected the strains that apparently decreased sperm motility and detected their virulence genes by PCR.

RESULTSSperm motility was significantly decreased in 17 of the 60 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.05). The main virulence genes in these strains were hlg (33.3%), scn (23.3%), cna (20%), hlb (20%), and clfA (18.3%), others including icaA, fnbA, tst, seb, hld, eta and sea. The scn gene carriers accounted for 47.1% in the spermatozal immobilization positive group, significantly higher than 14% in the negative group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the percentages of the carriers of the other virulence genes between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONInfections of Staphylococcus aureus in male reproductive system can lead to the decrease of sperm motility, which may be associated with the Staphylococcus complement inhibitor encoding gene scn.

Humans ; Infertility, Male ; microbiology ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Semen ; microbiology ; Species Specificity ; Sperm Motility ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Staphylococcus aureus ; pathogenicity ; Virulence ; genetics

The electric characteristics of acupoints have been confirmed by researchers at home and abroad. Because the traditional detection methods are various (mainly are different positions of the reference electrode), and they are influenced by many affective factors, with unstable results and bad repeatability, so the studies of the electric characteristics of acupoints are limited. The acupoint electric characteristic sensing needle is introduced in detail from its design, detection methods and so on, which can detects changes of the acupoint electric characteristics of channels and acupoints in different healthy states real-timely, dynamically and continuously. It not only can avoid those affective factors, and also the detective results are relatively stable and the repeatability is also better.
Acupuncture Points ; Electroacupuncture ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Needles

Objective To evaluate clinical efficiency and quality-of-life outcomes in treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapse by the Xiehe pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. Methods From Jun. 2006 to Dec. 2008, 277 severe pelvic organ prolapse patients with stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ from 8 hospitals in China were enrolled in this prospective study. Pelvic organ prolapse quantitative examination (POP-Q) and anatomic improvement in these patients after surgery were analyzed in this interim study. Comparisons of pelvic floor impact questionnaire-short form 7 (PFIQ-7) and pelvic floor distress inventory-short form 20 (PFDI-20) in these patients before and after surgery was used to evaluate quality of life. Comparison of pelvic organ prolapse-urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire (PISQ) in these patients before and after surgery was used to evaluate quality of sexual life. Results With a median follow-up of 14. 0 months (6 -28 months),twenty-three patients showed recurrent prolapse (8. 3%, 23/277), and anatomical success ( ＜ stage 2 in the treated compartment) was 91.7% (254/277). In this series, mesh exposure or erosion rate was 6. 9% (19/277). The postoperative de novo stress incontinence rate was 6. 5% (18/277). The scores for PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20, and its subscales were significantly improved, the scores of before treatment were lower than those after treatment (P ＜0. 01 ). And there was no significant difference in the average score of PISQ before and after the surgery (76. 6 ± 15.4 versus 75.5 ± 14. 5 versus 73.6 ± 12. 6, P ＞0. 05 ), but the rate of de novo dyspareunia was 11% (9/80). Conclusions Xiehe pelvic floor reconstruction surgery was safe and efficacy in treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. It could improve quality of life remarkably with less cost when compared with the traditional total pelvic floor reconstruction surgery.

Through literature review of acupoint electric characteristic (AEC) detection, some problems in the traditional method of AEC detection were found. The major reasons were lack of distinguishing the relationship between the acupoint and "skin on the acupoint" in the electric characteristics, which can not solve those objective and subjective interferential factors in acupoint detection. Therefore, the traditional acupoint detection method is not stable, and its repeatability is no good. The conception to design the probe of acupoint characteristic detection is put forward, which can give a real time and dynamic detection for the electric characteristics of the acupoint's various anatomic layers. Meanwhile, the circumstance of the body tissue is relatively stable, so the detection method can avoid those interferential factors.
Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Meridians

OBJECTIVETo observe the dose-effect relationship of electroacupuncture of different current intensities combined with Morphine of different dosage on alleviating the rats' tibial cancer pain, and explore the possible mechanism, which could provide the experiment basis for alleviating the tibial cancer pain by electroacupuncture combined with Morphine.

METHODSOne hundred female Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and eight treatment groups, 10 cases in each group. The rats in the treatment groups were treated by combined therapies of electroacupuncture of different intensities with 2 Hz /100 Hz dense-disperse wave on "Jiaji"(EX-B 2)and different dosage Morphine in 2 factor 3 level conditions, once a day for 6 days. The pain thresholds were observed before the treatment and 0 min, 1 h, 2 h and 5 h after the first treatment as well as after 3 and 6 times of treatments. The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression was determined by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe rats' pain thresholds were significantly increased with electroacupuncture of 2 mA and 1 mA (all P < 0.01) on the 0 min, 1 h and 2 h of the first treatment, between which there were no significant differences (all P > 0.05). The pain threshold was still increased by electroacupuncture of 2 mA on the 5 h of the treatment (P < 0.01), while that of 1 mA failed to take effect (P > 0.05). After 3 and 6 times of treatments, both electroacupuncture of 2 mA and 1 mA had the effect of increasing the pain threshold (all P < 0.01), and the effect of 2 mA was superior to that of 1 mA (P < 0.05), had the synergistic effect with 5 mg/(kg x d) Morphine (P < 0.05). After 6 times of treatments, both electroacupuncture of 2 mA and 1 mA could inhibit the expression of GFAP (both P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Both of 5 mg/(kg x d) and 2.5 mg/(kg x d) of Morphine, however, didn't bring about inhibition effect (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is a does-effect relationship on electroacupuncture of different current intensity for alleviating the tibial cancer pain in rats. The electroacupuncture with 2 mA, which is better than that with 1 mA, has the synergistic effect with 5 mg/(kg x d) of Morphine. The electroacupuncture can inhibit the expression of GFAP to cooperate with Morphine for the purpose of alleviating the rats' tibial cancer pain.

Animals ; Bone Neoplasms ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electroacupuncture ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Pain ; etiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pain Management ; instrumentation ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spine ; metabolism ; Tibia ; metabolism

The dissolution of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix ultrafine granular powder and common powder, traditional pieces in water and simulated gastric juice in vitro was compared, and the effect of particles size of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix on the dissolution was studied. HPLC method was used for determination of five ginsenosides including Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc and Rd from ultrafine granular powder and common powder, traditional pieces of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix at different points in time, furthermore, the dissolution curves of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix ultrafine granular powder and common powder, traditional pieces were obtained. The dissolution characteristics of the three Panacis Quinquefolii Radix forms were also compared in this study. According to the results, the dissolution rates of ginsenosides from ultrafine granular powder exceeded 90% of the total content with 5 min, significantly higher than that of the other two forms in water in vitro. At the same time, the dissolved amount of the ultrafine granular powder was fourteen percent higher than that of the traditional pieces and eight percent higher than that of the common powder. Under the condition of simulated gastric juice in vitro, the dissolution rates of ginsenosides from ultrafine granular powder were little lower than that of the other two, but the maximum dissolved amount of the former was fourteen percent higher than that of the common powder and five percent higher than that of the extracts. Therefore the conclusion is that micronization of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix contributed to dissolution of effective components.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Powders ; Solubility

This study aims to analyze and compare the effect of cell wall-broken decoction pieces, conventional decoction pieces and conventional powder of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma on the intestinal flora of normal mice. The conventional bacterial culture and PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) were adopted for the mice after the oral administration for 14 days. According to the bacterial culture results, the 1/8 dose cell wall-broken decoction pieces group showed fewer Enterococcus and Escherichia coli bacillus but more Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium than the conventional decoction pieces group and the traditional powder group (P <0.05). Meanwhile, on the basis of the PCR-DGGE results, the 1/8 dose cell wall-broken decoction pieces group revealed the highest Shannon-Wiener index (H) and species richness (S) among the seven groups, with extremely significant differences compared with the normal group (P <0.01), significant differences compared with the conventional decoction pieces group and the conventional powder group (P <0.05) and a high intra-group similarity. In conclusion, the long-term intake of 1/8 dose Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma cell wall-broken decoction pieces showed a certain effect in regulating intestinal tract by promoting the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Furthermore, the intestinal flora community will become more stable.
Animals ; Bifidobacterium ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Cell Wall ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rhizome ; Rhodiola