ObjectiveTo observe the combined effect and safety of Sodium Ozagrel and Low Molecular Heparin in the treatment of progressive cerebral infraction.Methods80 patients with progressive cerebral infraction were divided into experiment group and control group with 40 patients in each group. Sodium Ozagrel and Clexane both were used in the experimental group, but only Sodium Ozagrel was used in the control group. Platelet packing fraction and 4 items of blood clotting were examined before and 14 d after treatment. Neurofunctional defect was evaluated at the same time in the 2 groups.ResultsPlatelet packing fractions were significantly different when examined before treatment and 14 d after treatment both in 2 groups (P<0.05), but no difference between the 2 groups. The value of APTT 14 d after treatment in the experimental group was significantly increased (P<0.05), while this was not observed in the control group. Total effective power in experimental group was 89.7%, which was much higher than that in control group (77.5%). Neurofunctional defect evaluation in experimental group was significantly improved after treatment(P<0.05) compared with that in control. ConclusionSodium Ozagrel combined with Clexane is more effective on progressive cerebral infraction.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of screening for major fetal heart disease by training sonographers in township or county level hospitals .Methods:Training of B ultrasound scan for congeni-tal heart defects was given to the sonographers from one county hospital , and thirteen township hospitals ( or the district hospitals ) , and training of fetal echocardiography was given to sonographers from four city/county hospitals.The trained sonographers who had passed the examinations and had obtained quali-fications after six months of independent practice began to screen fetal congenital heart defects .To evalu-ate the effectiveness , sensitivity and specificity of screening was calculated by using the diagnosis of ex-pert neonatal/fetal echocardiographers as the gold standard .Results: A total of 3 425 fetuses received one fetal B ultrasound screening , one fetal echocardiography and one neonatal echocardiography from April 1, 2004 to December 31, 2005.One hundred and sixty-five B ultrasound screening images (4.9%) from township hospitals and fifty-six fetal echocardiography images (1.7%) from county or city centers couldn ’ t be reviewed because of poor quality .The sensitivity of fetal B ultrasound screening in the township and county hospitals was 30%and 0, and the specificity 93.3%and 99.9%, respectively. Nine fetuses with a major congenital heart disease were eventually found by the trained sonographers , and two cases were misdiagnosed and two unnoticed .The total sensitivity and specificity of fetal echocardio-graphy were 81.8% and 99.9%, respectively.The sensitivity in the county and city hospitals was 66 .7% and 100%, respectively .The specificity in the county and city hospitals was 99 .9%and 100%, respectively .Conclusion: Under the current circumstances , township hospitals are unable to perform effective fetal cardiac screening .Screening on fetal congenital heart disease is suggested to be taken by trained sonographers in county and city level medical centers .

Background:Fanconi anemia( FA ),an autosomal or x-linked recessive inherited disease,is caused by gene mutation related to FA pathway of DNA damage and with the clinical features of congenital malformation,bone marrow failure and susceptibility to cancer. Aims:To investigate the expression of Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2)in colorectal cancer and its correlation with prognosis. Methods:Fifty-six surgical resected specimens of colorectal cancer tissue and para-cancer noncancerous tissue from May 2012 to September 2013 at Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were obtained. Ninety-three patients with colorectal cancer from January 2008 to April 2009 at Guangzhou First People ’s Hospital were enrolled and the specimens of colorectal cancer tissue were obtained. The expression of FANCD2 mRNA in 56 specimens of colorectal cancer tissue and para-cancer noncancerous tissue was determined by qPCR. The expression of FANCD2 protein in 49 of 56 specimens of colorectal cancer tissue and para-cancer noncancerous tissue and 93 specimens of colorectal cancer tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Follow up was conducted in 93 patients and the correlation between the expression of FANCD2 and prognosis was analyzed. Results:Expression of FANCD2 mRNA was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissue than that in para-cancer noncancerous tissue [0.102(0.047,0. 163)vs. 0. 051(0. 025,0. 095)](P =0. 007). Expression of FANCD2 mRNA was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage( P <0. 05 ). Positivity rates of FANCD2 protein expression in colorectal cancer tissue and para-cancer noncancerous tissue were 77. 6%(38/49)and 22. 4%(11/49),respectively. Expression of FANCD2 protein was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage(P<0. 05). The overall 5-year survival rate was significantly lower in patients with positive expression of FANCD2 protein than that in patients with negative expression of FANCD2 protein(35. 5% vs. 71. 0%)(P<0. 01). Conclusions:FANCD2 is associated with malignant potential of colorectal cancer and could be a potential marker for prognosis.

Objective To investigate the intelligence standard for diagnose the sub-cretin children and children with mental retardation of socio-cultural type.Methods The full intelligence quotient(IQ),verbal intelligence quotient(VIQ)and performance intelligence quotient(PIQ)was tested by Wechsler scale(C-WISC)for mild iodine deficiency disordem children,children living in abnormal socio-cultural condition and normal children aged 7～14 years old in Qinba mountain area.The test results had been compared between the groups.Results There were no significant difference between psychomotor functioning well children and children living normal sociocuhural condition in VIQ,PIQ and full IQ(89.24±18.44 vs 90.75±17.58,87.58±15.78 vs 88.95±15.56,87.42±17.84 vs 89.02±17.18,t=1.14,1.19 and 1.24,respectively,all P＞O.05).PIQ and full IQ were significantly lower in mild iodine deficiency disorders children than in children with abnormal socio-cultural background (65.81±10.22 vs 72.33±13.23,62.42±12.31 vs 68.13±14.54,t=3.26,2.55,P＜0.01 or＜0.05,respectively).But the VIQ was not significantly different between these two groups.The average difference of VIQ and PIQ among mild iodine deficiency disorders children wag-0.32 without significant difierence(t=0.28,P＞0.05),however it was-2.91 among children under abnormal socio-cultural condition with significant difierenee(t=-3.59,P＜0.01).Conclusions IQ for iodine deficiency disorders children is characterized by that VIQ is damaged in parallel with PIQ,while that in children under abnormal soeio-cuhural condition is marked by that VIQ is retarded more severely than PIQ,which ean be used as an intelligence standard for differentiating the sub-cretin children from children wjth socio-cuhural mental retardation.

Infectious bursal disease virus(IBD) causes infectious bursal disease (IBD), which infects bursal of chicken and can evoke immune suppression. This study identified the antigenic epitopes of four McAbs to IBDV VP3(HRB-3F, HRB-7B, HRB-7C and HRB-10E)with pepscan. A set of 17 partially overlapping or consecutive peptides (P1-P17) spanning VP3 were expressed for epitope screening by pepscan. Finally, two antigenic epitopes, 109-119aa and 177-190aa of IBDV VP3, were identified by Western blot and ELISA. The peptides on epitopes could react with IBDV, and they had better immunnogenicity. The sequences of epitopes were compared with that of several other IBDV strains in the same region, and was found they were totally homologous. This study showed the two epitopes were novel conserved linear B cell epitopes on the VP3 of IBDV. This study provides basis for the development of immunity-based prophylactic, therapeutic and diagnostic measures for control of IBD and further for structural and functional analysis of IBDV.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Immune Sera ; immunology ; Immunization ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infectious bursal disease virus ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

To research the effect of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata compatibility on cardiac toxicity in rats by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and explore the endogenous markers and molecule mechanism. Different compatibility of Shenfu decoction were given to male Wistar rats at dosage of 20 g · kg(-1) for 7 days, collected the serum, and analyze the endogenous metabolites effected by Shenfu formulation by principal component analysis and partial least-squares analysis. Results showed that content of glutathione, phosphatidylcholine and citric acid decreased in mixed-decoction group, while ascorbic acid, uric acid, D-galactose, tryptophan, L-phenylalanine increased. The results showed cardiac toxicity of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata in Shenfu mixed-decoction. Shenfu co-decoction group showed a similar or weaker trend compared with control group, but most of them do not have a statistically significant. The results indicated the scientific basis of Shenfu compatibility by comparison of co-decoction group with mixed-decoction group. Shenfu compatibility can reduce cardiac toxicity induced by Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, and citric acid, glutathione, phosphatidyl choline, uric acid might be regarded as potential markers of cardiotoxicity.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; Cardiotoxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; toxicity ; Glutathione ; blood ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Male ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUNDCortical spreading depression can cause migraine attack, and up-regulate matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in animal. This study aimed to determine the impact on the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier by measuring plasma MMP-9 levels in patients at the acute and late stages of migraine attacks in order to elucidate the pathological mechanisms involved.

METHODSWe recruited a case-control cohort of 38 adult migraine patients and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Five milliliter blood samples were collected at the acute and late stages of migraine (days 1 - 7), and also from the control subjects. Solid phase double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine plasma MMP-9 levels. Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS version 9.1.

RESULTSInitial plasma MMP-9 levels of migraine patients were significantly higher than those of controls ((12.612 ± 0.016) µg/L vs. (6.069 ± 0.023) µg/L, respectively, P < 0.05). High MMP-9 expression was observed during days 1 - 6 of migraine attacks, with highest expression occurring on day 3 ((17.524 ± 0.035) µg/L). During attacks, MMP-9 levels were similar in migraine patients with and without aura (P > 0.05); in addition, levels were not correlated with degree of headache pain (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSWe hypothesize that migraine could lead to increased plasma MMP-9 levels resulting in blood-brain barrier damage. MMP-9 levels increase during days 1 - 6 of migraine attacks, peaking on day 3. Therefore, MMP-9 could be used as a biological marker to guide treatment of migraine attacks.

Adult ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Objective:To establish an in vivo diffusion model of Treponema pallidum (Tp) in New Zealand rabbits. Methods:A standard strain of Tp (Nichols strain) was recovered in the testes of New Zealand rabbits, and isolated and passaged continuously. The suspensions of the second-passage Tp were collected and inoculated onto the dorsal skin of New Zealand rabbits. After 21-day infection, the New Zealand rabbits were anesthetized and sacrificed, blood samples were collected, and skin tissues at the infection site as well as liver, spleen, testes and lymph nodes were aseptically resected. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to detect the spread of Tp in different tissues and organs.Results:On day 21 after infection with Tp, skin lesions such as indurations and ulcers were seen at all inoculated sites of New Zealand rabbits. Pathological examination showed a lot of inflammatory cells in the infected lesions, mainly including plasma cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR revealed a large number of Tp in tissues and organs, such as liver, spleen and testes.Conclusion:After inoculation with Tp in the dorsal skin of New Zealand rabbits, Tp could spread to the liver, spleen, testes and other tissues and organs through blood and lymph nodes, and the in vivo diffusion model of Tp strains in New Zealand rabbits was successfully constructed.

OBJECTIVESponsored by the Subspecialty Group of Neonatology of Pediatric Society, China Medical Association, more than 10 large-scale hospitals participated in the near two-year multicenter investigation for Brain Injuries in Premature Infants in China. The present study presents the follow-up results of 147 premature infants with brain injuries from 6 Third Class A Level hospitals.

METHODSAll premature infants with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) diagnosed in the early neonatal period in the 6 hospitals were followed-up between January 2005 and August 2006. Based on the synthetic results of physical development, examination of nervous system, intelligence tests and cranial ultrasound, the premature infants with brain injuries were classified as normal development, marginal development and retarded development.

RESULTSOne hundred and forty-seven premature infants with brain injuries from the 6 hospitals consisted of 141 cases of IVH and 36 cases of PVL (30 cases having IVH and PVL). Based on the synthetic follow-up results, 51.4% of premature infants with brain injuries were generally assessed as normal development, 38.4% as marginal development and 10.7% as retarded development. Among them, delayed growth in head circumference, height and weight was 13.4%; the occurrence frequency of cerebral paralysis (CP) was 7.1% in PVL grade I, 28.6% in PVL grade II and 100% in PVL grade III; 12.7% showed retarded development of intelligence; and 30% presented post-injurious changes on cranial sonography.

CONCLUSIONSThe data of the multicenter follow-up can basically reflect the short-term prognosis of premature infants with brain injuries in major big cities of China. About 10% of them have retarded physical, motor-and mental developments. The long-term regular follow-up study is expected for more premature infants with brain injuries, and behavioral sequelae of brain injuries which may occur in peri-school age and adolescence should be paid particularly close attention.

Cerebral Hemorrhage ; complications ; physiopathology ; Cerebral Palsy ; etiology ; Echoencephalography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intelligence ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; complications ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVEFrom the 1970s, group B streptococci (GBS) have been widely recognized as an important pathogen in neonatal infectious disease, and it emerged as the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the Western world. However, there are few data on the prevalence of neonatal GBS infections in China. The aim of this retrospective study was to estimate whether GBS is an important pathogen in severe neonatal pneumonia, and to develop a method for detection of GBS infections in fatal neonatal pneumonia.

METHODSA total of 234 neonatal cases (0 - 28 days) died in Beijing Children's Hospital from 1953 to 2004 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups. Two hundred cases diagnosed as neonatal pneumonia were assigned to study group and the remaining 34 cases died of neonatal hemolysis or surgical operation without any confirmed infectious diseases were designated as control group. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissues were used as source for total genomic DNA extraction. PCR and Southern blot analyses were applied to detect GBS specific cfb gene target sequence. And the clinical data of these cases were reviewed as well.

RESULTSIn the study group, 52 cases were detected positive for GBS DNA by PCR (26%), 130 cases were positive by Southern blot (65%). In the control group, 1 case was detected positive GBS DNA by PCR (3%), and 6 cases were positive by Southern blot (18%). The positive rate was significantly lower in the control group than that in the study group (PCR, chi(2) = 8.82, P < 0.01; Southern blot, chi(2) = 26.77, P < 0.01). The positive rate in the neonates younger than 7 days (early-onset) was significantly higher than that in neonates older than 7 days (late-onset) (PCR: 37% vs. 13%, chi(2) = 15.537, P < 0.01; Southern blot: 72% vs. 52%, chi(2) = 4.37, P < 0.05). In the positive early-onset cases, 39% of whom were born prematurely (29/74). Out of the 200 cases, 75 had complete clinical data. Neither blood nor lung culture for GBS was performed in any of these cases. But risk factors were identified for 35 cases, such as premature delivery, low birth weight, premature rupture of the membrane and abnormal amniotic fluid. GBS was positive in all these cases. Severe apnea appeared to be a common symptom and was present in most of the early-onset GBS-positive cases, while cough and wheezing were found in most of the late-onset GBS-positive cases. In the control group, one PCR positive case was suffered from malignant teratoma. The other 5 positive cases confirmed by Southern blot were diagnosed as kernicterus, hepatoma, aproctia complicating with cysti-urethral fistula, neonatal physio logical bleeding and aproctia complicated with archo-perineal fistula.

CONCLUSIONGroup B Streptococcus is an important pathogen in fatal neonatal pneumonia, especially in early-onset cases. southern blot may be a sensitive method to detect GBS infection in archival tissues. In the clinical work, more attention should be paid to the neonates with GBS risk factors. And GBS detection and prevention in neonates should be put into clinical practice.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; isolation & purification